Free Iraqi Forces

Free Iraqi Forces (FIF)
Flag of the Free Iraqi Forces (FIF), seen on Free Iraqi Forces militiamen’s uniform as a flag sleeve patch, and sometimes flown during the invasion of Iraq.
Supreme Commander	Aras Habib
Dates of operation	1991–2005
Allegiance	Iraq
Headquarters	Baghdad, Iraq
Active regions	Iraq
Ideology	Anti-Saddamism Democracy Factions: [1] Nationalism [2] Secularism [2] Islamism [3] Conservatism [4] Federalism [5] Monarchism [6] Liberalism [7]
Allies	State allies: (1991–2006) Iran Kuwait Saudi Arabia Iraqi Kurdistan United Arab Emirates France UK Russia Jordan South Korea Japan China Non-state allies: Hezbollah
Opponents	State opponents: Baathist Iraq Non-state opponents: People's Mujahedin of Iran
Battles and wars	Iraq War 2003 invasion of Iraq

The Free Iraqi Forces (FIF) is a militia made up of Iraqi expatriates, who served in the 2003 invasion of Iraq and its aftermath, under the control of Ahmed Chalabi's Iraqi National Congress government-in-exile. The specifically paramilitary branch of the program was also known as the Free Iraqi Fighting Forces (FIFF), while other elements served as interpreters or on civil affairs projects. ^{[8] [9]}

Composition

An FIF soldier in an American camouflage uniform

The original intent of the American Office of the Secretary of Defense was to recruit and train 3,000 Iraqi expatriates in Taszar, Hungary in preparation for the war. ^[8] Recruitment, however, fell well below the target number, and were of dubious military utility, ranging from ages 18 to 55. ^[10]

Operations

Free Iraqi Forces (FIF) desert battle dress uniform with insignia (Private collection of P-E / Militariabelgium)

The program was seen as unsuccessful, with at one point some US$63 million spent to recruit and train 69 troops for the FIF, and the program was dissolved in April 2003. The FIFF never numbered more than 500 troops. ^[11] The units were also seen as undisciplined and pro-Shia and anti-Sunni, and engaged in looting. ^[12]

References

1. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
2. "Iraqi National Congress". Archived from the original on 14 July 2014.
3. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
4. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
5. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
6. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
7. "Iraqi National Congress | Iraqi Parliament Guide". Archived from the original on 2014-07-26. Retrieved 2014-07-21.
8. Catherine Dale (April 2011). Operation Iraqi Freedom: Strategies, Approaches, Results, and Issues for Congress. DIANE Publishing. pp. 48–. ISBN   978-1-4379-2030-7.
9. Nathan Hodge (15 February 2011). Armed Humanitarians: The Rise of the Nation Builders . Bloomsbury USA. pp.  66–. ISBN   978-1-60819-017-1.
10. Sheldon Rampton; John Clyde Stauber (2003). Weapons of Mass Deception: The Uses of Propaganda in Bush's War on Iraq . Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin. pp.  61–. ISBN   978-1-58542-276-0.
11. Beth K. Dougherty; Edmund A. Ghareeb (7 November 2013). Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarecrow Press. pp. 299–. ISBN   978-0-8108-7942-3.
12. Anthony H. Cordesman; Emma R. Davies (30 December 2007). Iraq's Insurgency and the Road to Civil Conflict. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 58–. ISBN   978-0-313-34998-0.