Gastrotheca andaquiensis

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Gastrotheca andaquiensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Hemiphractidae
Genus: Gastrotheca
Species:
G. andaquiensis
Binomial name
Gastrotheca andaquiensis
Synonyms [2]
  • Gastrotheca andaquiensisRuiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976
  • Gastrotheca humbertoi Lutz, 1977
  • Gastrotheca (Opisthodelphys) andaquiensis – Dubois, 1987
  • Gastrotheca (Opisthodelphys) humbertoi – Dubois, 1987

Gastrotheca andaquiensis, commonly known as the Andes marsupial frog, [1] [2] [3] is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in southern Colombia and Ecuador. [1] [2]

Contents

Description

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is a large member of its genus with a snout–vent length of 77 mm (3 in). The head has a rounded snout, a slightly projecting upper lip, a large pit below each nostril, and bluntly-pointed horn-like appendages above the eyes. The tympani are ovoid and prominent. The body is robust, with granular skin and a mixture of larger and smaller granules. There is a deeply-sunk slit opening in the scapular region of the back leading into a brood pouch. There are spines on the heels and both fingers and toes are equipped with adhesive discs. In general, males are brown and females are green, but there is considerable variation between individuals, and a part-grown male has been observed which was pale green suffused with bronze. The irises are pale green, the tongue and interior of the mouth are blue, and the discs on fingers and toes are jade green. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Gastrotheca andaquiensis is endemic to Colombia and Ecuador on the eastern foothills of the Andes. It is an arboreal frog occurring in cloud forest in foliage near water where there are trees with plenty of epiphytic growth. Its altitudinal range is between about 1,100 and 2,000 m (3,600 and 6,600 ft). [4]

Ecology

This species is called a marsupial frog because the female carries the eggs and developing froglets in the pouch on her back. [3] About ten large eggs are laid in a clutch and after fertilisation, the male assists the female to insert them into her pouch. Here they develop directly into juvenile frogs without an intervening tadpole stage, eventually hopping away from their mother. [3]

Status

This frog has a wide range and is a moderately common species in at least parts of its range. The main threats it faces include habitat loss from livestock grazing and crop cultivation but its range includes a number of protected areas. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated its conservation status as being of "least concern", because any decrease in population size is likely to be at too slow a rate to justify classifying it in a more threatened category. [1]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Gastrotheca argenteovirens</i> Species of frog

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horned marsupial frog</span> Species of amphibian

The horned marsupial frog, originally named Nototrema cornutum (Boulenger) after the first describer George Albert Boulenger in 1898), is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is an arboreal species found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and montane cloud forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<i>Gastrotheca dunni</i> Species of frog

Gastrotheca dunni is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to the northern part of the Cordillera Occidental in northern Antioquia, Colombia. The specific name dunni honors Emmett Reid Dunn, an American herpetologist. Common name Dunn's marsupial frog has been coined for it.

<i>Gastrotheca excubitor</i> Species of frog

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<i>Gastrotheca guentheri</i> Species of amphibian

Gastrotheca guentheri is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Gastrotheca guentheri is the only known frog with true teeth in both of its jaws, as indicated by the name of the genus it originally typified, Amphignathodon, described by George Albert Boulenger in 1882.

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The Andean marsupial tree frog, also known as the Riobamba marsupial frog or Riobamba pouched frog, is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Ecuador. The species is confined to the Andes and the inter-Andean valleys, from Imbabura south to Chimborazo. They live in an altitude of 2,200-3,500 meters above sea-level. The Andean marsupial tree frog's habitat varies from the montane forests to the dry rocky hillsides, and from the agave plants to the corn fields. Once a common species, it is threatened by severe habitat loss.

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T55321A176390035. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T55321A176390035.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 Frost, Darrel R. (2020). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 13 July 2020.
  3. 1 2 3 Halliday, Tim (2016). The Book of Frogs: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from Around the World. University of Chicago Press. p. 225. ISBN   978-0-226-18465-4.
  4. 1 2 Whittaker, Kellie (1 September 2010). "Gastrotheca andaquiensis". AmphibiaWeb. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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