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Gastrotheca | |
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Gastrotheca cornuta | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Amphibia |
Order: | Anura |
Family: | Hemiphractidae |
Genus: | Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843 |
Type species | |
Hyla marsupiata Duméril and Bibron, 1841 | |
Species | |
See text | |
Synonyms [1] | |
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Gastrotheca is a genus of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. [1] [2] They are found in Central America south of Costa Rica and in South America. [1] Most species occur in the American Cordillera from southern Costa Rica to north-western Argentina. This genus makes up the bulk of marsupial frog diversity; formerly it was placed in the "Leptodactylidae" assemblage.
Marsupial frogs are so-called because they possess a dorsal brood pouch. In some species the eggs are fertilized on the female's lower back, and are inserted in her pouch with the aid of the male's toes. The eggs remain in contact with the female's vascular tissue, which provides them oxygen.
Gastrotheca guentheri (Guenther's marsupial frog) is the only known frog with true teeth in its lower jaw. Gastrotheca riobambae (Andean marsupial tree frog) is kept as pet and is used in scientific experiments.
Gastrotheca gemma was additionally discovered in 2021. [3]
There are 74 species recognized in the genus Gastrotheca: [1]
The AmphibiaWeb is listing 69 species as Gastrotheca lojana is not included. [2]
Phrynopus is a genus of frogs of the family Strabomantidae. Their common name is Andes frogs. They are endemic to Peru and inhabit the upper humid montane forest and supra-treeline grassland in the Cordillera Oriental, with one record from the Peruvian Cordillera Occidental.
Centrolene is a genus of glass frogs in the family Centrolenidae. The adult males are characterized by having a humeral spine, as most members of this family. The delimitation of this genus versus Cochranella is not fully resolved, and some species formerly in Centrolenella — which is nowadays synonymized with Centrolene — are now in Hyalinobatrachium.
Oreobates is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. Most species were formerly in the genus Ischnocnema, but were moved to this revalidated genus following a 2006 revision. Its sister taxon is Lynchius.
Hyloscirtus is a genus of Neotropical frogs in the family Hylidae. This genus was resurrected in 2005 following a major revision of the Hylidae, with the distinguishing features being 56 transformations in nuclear and mitochondrial proteins and ribosomal genes. Of these species, 28 species, previously placed in the genus Hyla, were moved to this genus. The fingers and toes of these frogs have wide dermal fringes.
Eugenia María del Pino Veintimilla is a developmental biologist at the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador in Quito. She was the first Ecuadorian citizen to be elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences (2006). She was awarded the 2019 Prize of the Latin American Society for Developmental Biology for her strong contributions to research in Ecuador, and in general to promoting Developmental Biology in Latin America.
Gastrotheca atympana is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality in the Pampa Hermosa National Sanctuary, Junín Region. It lacks an external tympanum, hence the specific name atympana.
The horned marsupial frog, originally named Nototrema cornutum (Boulenger) after the first describer George Albert Boulenger in 1898), is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is an arboreal species found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests and montane cloud forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Gastrotheca excubitor is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to southern Peru and occurs in the Amazonian slopes and crests of the Cordillera Oriental in the Cusco Region; records from the Cajamarca Region are likely erroneous. It is likely to include cryptic species. Common name Abra Acanacu marsupial frog has been coined for it.
Gastrotheca guentheri is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador. Gastrotheca guentheri is the only known frog with true teeth in both of its jaws, as indicated by the name of the genus it originally typified, Amphignathodon, described by George Albert Boulenger in 1882.
Gastrotheca lateonota is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is known from its type locality, El Tambo near Canchaque, Cordillera de Huancabamba, at an elevation of 2,770 m (9,090 ft) asl in Peru, and from the area of Chillacoche in the El Oro Province of Ecuador. Its natural habitat is cloud forest. Habitat loss is a possible threat.
Gastrotheca rebeccae is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental in the Ayacucho Region, at elevations of 2,440–2,970 m (8,010–9,740 ft) asl. The specific name honours Dr. Rebecca Pyles from the East Tennessee State University.
Gastrotheca stictopleura is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru and known from the southern end of the Cordillera Azul in Huánuco, Pasco, and southern Junín Regions at elevations of 2,500–3,090 m (8,200–10,140 ft) asl. Its natural habitat is cloud forest, but it can also occur in disturbed forest and pastures with trees. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agriculture, logging and human settlement.
Gastrotheca zeugocystis is a species of frogs in the family Hemiphractidae. It is endemic to Peru and only known from its type locality on the Cordillera de Carpish, Huánuco Region. The specific name zeugocystis refers to the paired brood pouches in this species.
Stenocercus is a genus of South American lizards, commonly called whorltail iguanas, of the family Tropiduridae. This genus has 80 valid described species.
Lynchius is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. The name honours herpetologist John D. Lynch. The distribution of Lynchius is restricted to the Cordillera Oriental in southern Ecuador and Cordillera de Huancabamba in northern Peru.
Noblella is a genus of frogs in the family Strabomantidae. They are found on the eastern slopes of the Andes and in the Amazon Basin in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and western Brazil. The name refers to Gladwyn K. Noble, who described the first species.
Selvasaura is a genus of the lizard family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus contains three species.
Hyloscirtus criptico is a species of tree frog native to Ecuador. It can be found in forests in the Andes at elevations of 2175–2794 meters.
Gastrotheca gemma is a newly discovered species of frog that is found in the Cordillera de Colán National Sanctuary in the country of Peru. It is included, in the genus Gastrotheca.