Gayle McLaughlin | |
---|---|
5th Mayor of Richmond, California | |
In office January 9, 2007 –January 13, 2015 | |
Preceded by | Irma A. Anderson |
Succeeded by | Tom Butt |
Member of the Richmond City Council | |
In office January 13,2015 –July 18,2017 | |
In office January 2005 –January 9,2007 | |
Personal details | |
Born | 1952 (age 71–72) Chicago,Illinois,U.S. |
Political party | Independent |
Other political affiliations | Richmond Progressive Alliance,Green Party (until 2016) |
Education | Bridgewater State University (BS) |
Profession | Educator and activist |
Gayle McLaughlin (born 1952) is an American politician from Richmond,California. She was first elected to the Richmond City Council in 2004 when she was a member of the Green Party of California. She won two consecutive four-year terms as the city's mayor in 2006 and 2010. After reaching the mayoral term limit,she was reelected to the City Council in 2014. In June 2017,she announced her candidacy for lieutenant governor of California in the 2018 election.
McLaughlin's election in 2006 made Richmond the largest U.S. city led by a Green Party member. She has advocated for a minimum wage increase and a plan to forcibly appropriate foreclosed home mortgages from banks. She has led an ongoing effort to restrict the municipal influence of Richmond's largest employer,the Chevron Corporation,and to refashion its environmental obligations.
McLaughlin was born into a working class family in Chicago. The middle child of five daughters,her father was a union carpenter and her mother was a factory worker and housewife. [1] [2]
During the 1980s,McLaughlin was an activist with the Central American solidarity movement and a steering committee member of CISPES (Committee In Solidarity with the People of El Salvador). She also played an active role in the North Star Network,a national networking effort to unite progressives,and in coalition-building efforts with Rainbow/PUSH. She continues to work as a social activist in the peace,social justice,civil rights,and environmental movements.
McLaughlin earned a Bachelor of Science degree in psychology from Bridgewater State University and took graduate courses in psychology and education at Rhode Island College and UC Berkeley Extension. [1] [3]
She has worked as a postal clerk,teacher,caregiver for the elderly,and tutor/clinician for children with learning disabilities. She has also worked in the capacity of support staff for various not-for-profit health and educational organizations. [4] She has lived in Richmond since 2001. [1]
McLaughlin is a founder of the Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA),a non-partisan progressive group in western Contra Costa County,composed of members of the Green Party,Democratic Party,and the Peace and Freedom Party,as well as independent voters. [5] In 2004,the RPA ran a slate of candidates to replace a municipal government that was widely seen as dysfunctional:"There are vacancies in virtually every major administrative department," wrote the San Francisco Chronicle ,"and the city is operating with an interim city manager,city attorney,police chief and fire chief. The city has no library director and no parks and recreation director,and no one running its housing authority." [6] Together with RPA colleagues,McLaughlin won her first election to the Richmond City Council in November 2004. [5]
In Richmond,McLaughlin's activism has found her involved in many local struggles in support of both social and environmental justice. She opposed the Patriot Act,the criminalization of the homeless,and Chevron's Richmond Refinery tax perks. She has also been involved in an ongoing effort to stop development on the North Richmond shoreline and supports the Service Employees International Union.
In 2006,McLaughlin decided to challenge Richmond's incumbent mayor Irma Anderson. She was elected on November 7,2006 by a 242-vote margin over Anderson. [7] At the time,her victory made Richmond the largest city in the country with a Green Party mayor. [7] [8] McLaughlin won a second term in office in the 2010 municipal election. [9] She overcame a well-funded offensive to unseat her during the re-election campaign.
Under McLaughlin's mayoralty,the "small,blue-collar city best known for its Chevron refinery has become the unlikely vanguard for anticorporate,left-wing activism". [10] From early in her career,McLaughlin gave tangible governmental support to workers' cooperatives as a means of fighting unemployment. [11] She was a strong proponent of Measure N,a proposed municipal soda tax that was met by determined,well-funded resistance from the American Beverage Association and other business interests. [10] She also spearheaded a 2014 effort to raise Richmond's local minimum wage to US$12.30 per hour. [12] The raise provided impetus to the broader statewide minimum wage movement. [13] McLaughlin was a member of the nationwide advocacy group Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition. [14]
McLaughlin was criticized for attending an Occupy rally on Veterans Day of 2011 instead of a symbolic ship-launching portrayal at the former Richmond Shipyards. [15] McLaughlin stated she was a supporter of Veterans for Peace and Iraq Veterans Against the War. [16]
The U.S. mortgage crisis of the late 2000s had a powerful impact on Richmond. Even by 2013,nearly half of all home mortgages in the city were "underwater",with owners owing more than their houses were worth. [17] On average,homeowners with mortgages were indebted for about 45% more than the original value of their homes. [18] McLaughlin mounted a unique and highly controversial effort to gain control of the mortgages. The city,in partnership with a private financing company,would seek to purchase mortgages from banks at fair market value and then allow the homeowners to refinance for a minimal fee. If the banks refused,the city would seize the mortgages using the legal power of eminent domain. [2] [19]
Defending the plan,McLaughlin said mortgage seizures were necessary to alleviate "an unjust set of circumstances" facing homeowners after the Great Recession,and the use of eminent domain would be justified for the common good by preventing urban blight caused by abandoned foreclosed homes. [17] The city thus has a right and duty to prevent foreclosures,as well as a legal necessity to protect its citizens:"People were tricked. They were sold these bad loans" which were far in excess of their value,and made Richmond "a community being victimized". [2] [20] In March 2013,the City Council voted 6–1 in favor of partnering with a San Francisco firm,Mortgage Resolution Partners (MRP),to begin enactment of the plan. [21]
Opponents in Richmond countered that the plan would help only a small subsection of mortgage-holders, [18] while two banks,Wells Fargo and Deutsche Bank,immediately filed lawsuits against the city. [19] Arguing that it was an illegal use of eminent domain,the banks also warned that it would severely damage the U.S. mortgage industry by encouraging other municipalities to do the same. [2] [17] Other cities,including Newark,North Las Vegas,and Seattle were all said to be considering mortgage seizure,although only Richmond publicly pursued the plan. [17] [18] Undaunted,McLaughlin told the press in August 2013 that her administration was confident that it would prevail in court against the banks. [22] The following month,after heated public debate,the City Council again voted to back McLaughlin and proceed with the plan. [23]
McLaughlin had a contentious relationship with the Chevron Corporation during her political career. [24] The multinational energy corporation maintains a massive,century-old oil refinery in Richmond,and it has long dominated the city's economy and politics. [25] After the RPA took root,however,the shift in government caused friction with Chevron,particularly after the McLaughlin administration fought it in court over the payment of various taxes. [25] A major fire at the refinery in August 2012 led to another hotly contested lawsuit,this time for "willful and conscious disregard of public safety". [26] [27]
Chevron spent $1.2 million in 2012 to oppose two Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA) City Council candidates who were critical of the company and to support three that the oil company considered supportive. [10] That was the one year that the RPA candidates lost. McLaughlin herself was not up for reelection that year,but strongly supported the two RPA candidates with whom she shared progressive values.
Even after her mayoralty ended,Chevron continued to oppose her vigorously,"spending some $3 million –an unheard of amount for a small,local election –to campaign against McLaughlin and her slate" in the 2014 city council elections. [28] She was nonetheless elected to the City Council in 2014 and served in this role until July 18,2017,when she resigned to seek a higher political office. [1] [29]
McLaughlin is not without critics such as the East Bay Times ,which referred to her and the RPA in a 2016 editorial as "the biggest deniers of the city's fiscal crisis." [30]
She and her fellow RPA candidates Eduardo Martinez and Jovanka Beckles all won by wide margins in 2014 despite having been heavily outspent by their opposition. [31] The 2016 City Council elections were noticeably quieter in tone,with no financial input from Chevron,according to campaign finance reports. [32] Two other RPA candidates,Melvin Willis and Ben Choi,won open seats creating a RPA majority in the City Council. [33]
In 2016,McLaughlin changed her political party registration from Green Party to NPP ("No Party Preference") so she could vote for U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders in the California presidential primary. [34]
In June 2017,McLaughlin declared her candidacy for lieutenant governor in the California lieutenant gubernatorial election of 2018. [34] [35] Her independent campaign refused to accept any corporate contributions. [36]
Although McLaughlin ran with no party affiliation,her endorsements include the California National Party, [37] the Peninsula chapter of the Democratic Socialists of America, [38] [39] the Green Party of California, [40] Our Revolution, [41] the Peace and Freedom Party, [42] the People's Party, [43] and the Richmond Progressive Alliance. [44] [45]
The hotly contested primary race saw over $10 million raised by campaigns,"far more than the $7.6 million that candidates raised for the entire election cycle the last time the seat was open in 2010". [36] In a crowded field of eight,McLaughlin won 263,364 votes (4.0%). [46] [47]
A chronicle of the McLaughlin administration's rise and legacy,Refinery Town:Big Oil,Big Money,and the Remaking of an American City,was published in 2017 with a foreword written by Bernie Sanders. [48] [49] This was followed in early 2018 by McLaughlin's own memoir,Winning Richmond:How a Progressive Alliance Won City Hall. [50]
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County,California,United States. The city was incorporated on August 3,1905,and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region,Richmond borders San Pablo,Albany,El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond,Hasford Heights,Kensington,El Sobrante,Bayview-Montalvin Manor,Tara Hills,and East Richmond Heights,and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.
The Richmond Progressive Alliance (RPA) is a progressive political group in Richmond and western Contra Costa County,California,United States. RPA formed in 2003 by local progressives.
Irma Louise Anderson was an American politician who was the elected mayor of the city of Richmond,California,serving between 2001 and 2006. She ran for re-election as the incumbent Democrat in the 2006 mayoral race and lost to Green Party challenger councilperson Gayle McLaughlin by 192 votes.
Jim Rogers is an American politician. He served on the Contra Costa County Board of Supervisors in the 1990s,and was a city council member for the city of Richmond,California for three terms. He was first elected to the city council in 2002,and his final term expired in January 2015. He is a Democrat,considered a moderate,and has also been referred to as a progressive. He was called the San Francisco Bay Area's most famous lawyer because of television ads in which he dubbed himself as "The People's Lawyer".
The Richmond City Council is the governing body for the city of Richmond,California. The council consists of the Mayor of Richmond and six other city council members,one designated Vice Mayor. The council members are all elected from the whole city;no members are elected by district or ward. The council members are elected to four-year terms,as opposed to the previous six-year terms. They are not all elected at once. The council members meet every first and third Tuesday of the month and,if necessary,hold special meetings on the remaining Tuesdays. Presently the entire city council is Democratic.
The Richmond,California 2006 city election decided the mayor,four council members,and one measure submitted to the voters of Richmond,California on November 7,2007. The election also elected the first Green Party mayor of this city,and made Richmond the largest city in the United States to have a Green mayor. Furthermore,it unseated an incumbent mayor from a major political party by one from a minor third party.
John E. Márquez is an American politician and activist who has held various positions in Richmond,California city government. For eighteen years,Márquez served as a city councilman. He was the first Latino to serve on the Richmond City Council. Originally he was an appointee to the council in 1985 and won an election to that seat in 1987;he subsequently lost his second bid in 1991. He was elected again in 1993 and twice more in 1997 and 2004. In 1990 and 1998,he served as vice mayor. Márquez was defeated for re-election in 2008,and lost a mayoral bid in 2001 to Gayle McLaughlin. In addition to his elected offices in the city of Richmond,he has held various other positions in Contra Costa County,California on various commissions.
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The Chevron Richmond Refinery is a 2,900-acre (1,200 ha) petroleum refinery in Richmond,California,on San Francisco Bay. It is owned and operated by Chevron Corporation and employs more than 1,200 workers,making it the city's largest employer. The refinery processes approximately 240,000 barrels (38,000 m3) of crude oil a day in the manufacture of petroleum products and other chemicals. The refinery's primary products are motor gasoline,jet fuel,diesel fuel and lubricants.
The Richmond,California 2014 city election decided the mayor,three council members,and one measure submitted to the voters of Richmond,California on November 4,2014. The election attracted national attention due to the amount of money spent by Chevron both for and against various candidates. Chevron created two political action committees and contributed $2,933,363.90 to them amounting to a total of about $30 per city resident. The only other source of money for them was $5000 each from the Richmond Police Officers Association and the local Firefighter's union. As of October 10,they spent $1.4 Million supporting Nat Bates for mayor and Donna Powers,Charles Ramsey and Al Martinez for the city council. They spent a further $500,000 on negative campaigning against council candidates Gayle McLaughlin,Jovanka Beckles and Eduardo Martinez. The other major candidate for mayor,Tom Butt,had a campaign budget of just over $22,000.
The 2018 United States Senate election in California took place on November 6,2018,to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent California,concurrently with other elections to the United States Senate,elections to the United States House of Representatives,and various state and local elections.
The 2018 California lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 6,2018,to elect the lieutenant governor of California. Incumbent Democratic lieutenant governor Gavin Newsom was ineligible to run for reelection due to term limits and ran for governor of California instead. Democrats Eleni Kounalakis and Ed Hernandez faced each other in the general election,as no Republican finished in the top two positions of the nonpartisan blanket primary that was held on June 5,2018.
The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in California were held on November 6,2018,with the primary elections being held on June 5,2018. Voters elected the 53 U.S. representatives from the state of California,one from each of the state's 53 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the elections of other offices,including a gubernatorial election,other elections to the House of Representatives,elections to the United States Senate,and various state and local elections.
The 2018 California Secretary of State election was held on November 6,2018,to elect the California Secretary of State. Incumbent Democratic Secretary Alex Padilla won re-election to a second term.
Jovanka Beckles is an American politician serving as a member of the Alameda-Contra Costa Transit Board for Ward 1. She previously served as a member of the Richmond City Council.
The Richmond Standard is a news site for Richmond,California that functions as the city's only local news outlet. Opened in 2014,It is funded by the Chevron Corporation,which owns the Chevron Richmond Refinery. The site has been criticized for its lack of coverage of stories that are negative toward Chevron.
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