| Striped gentian | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Gentianaceae |
| Genus: | Gentiana |
| Species: | G. villosa |
| Binomial name | |
| Gentiana villosa | |
 | |
| Range of G. villosa in North America | |
Gentiana villosa, the striped gentian, is a herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the genus Gentiana . It is found mainly in the Eastern United States and is used medicinally by Native American tribes.
Gentiana villosa can reach a height of two feet. The leaves are lanceolet but are typically wider above the middle of the leaf. The leaves are dark green and shiny. The flowers are clustered at the terminal bud of the plant and are white with purple stripes. G. villosa typically blooms during the fall in late August to October. [1] The flowers are pollinated by insects that are attracted to their purple stripes and nectar. G. villosa fruits during October to November. The seeds of G. villosa differ from other Gentians because they are wingless. [2]
It is believed that G. villosa was misnamed because "villosa" translated in Latin means "hairy" and G. villosa actually has no hair which is known as glabrous. [3] The flowers of G. villosa make this plant easy to identify because of their defined purple stripes.
Gentiana villosa is found mainly in pine barrens and open woodland regions of eighteen states in the East coast regions of the United States and spanning out to the mid-east regions of the United States. The states that G. villosa can be found in are AL, DC, DE, FL, GA, IN, KY, LA, MD, MS, NC, NJ, OH, PA, SC, TN, VA, WV. Of these eighteen states four of them IN, PA, OH, and MD have listed G. villosa as an endangered species. [4]
As the common name Sampson's snakeroot indicates, G. villosa is thought to aid in the relief of snakebites. [5] In Appalachia the roots of G. villosa are carried as a charm. [6] The Catawba Indians used the boiled roots as medicine to relieve back pain. [7]
Gentiana is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the gentian family (Gentianaceae), the tribe Gentianeae, and the monophyletic subtribe Gentianinae. With about 400 species it is considered a large genus. They are notable for their mostly large, trumpet-shaped flowers, which are often of an intense blue.
Gentiana acaulis, the stemless gentian, or trumpet gentian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae, native to central and southern Europe, from Spain east to the Balkans, growing especially in mountainous regions, such as the Alps and Pyrenees, at heights of 800–3,000 m (2,625–9,843 ft).
Gentiana lutea, the great yellow gentian, is a species of gentian native to the mountains of central and southern Europe.
Gentiana verna, the spring gentian, is a species of flowering plant in the family Gentianaceae, and one of its smallest members, normally only growing to a height of a few centimetres.
Gentiana clusii, commonly known as flower of the sweet-lady or Clusius' gentian, is a large-flowered, short-stemmed gentian, native to Europe. It is named after Carolus Clusius, one of the earliest botanists to study alpine flora.
Neoregelia is a genus of epiphytic flowering plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae, native to South American rainforests. The genus name is for Eduard August von Regel, Director of St. Petersburg Botanic Gardens in Russia (1875–1892).
Gentiana andrewsii, the bottle gentian, closed gentian, or closed bottle gentian, is an herbaceous species of flowering plant in the gentian family Gentianaceae. Gentiana andrewsii is native to northeastern North America, from the Dakotas to the East Coast and through eastern Canada.
Gentiana catesbaei, commonly called Elliot's gentian, American gentian, or bottle gentian, is a wildflower native to the eastern North America. It grows in the swampy areas from Virginia to Florida and has showy, pale blue flowers which appear in the late fall from September to December.
The herbaceous perennial plant Gentiana calycosa is a species of gentian known by the common names Rainier pleated gentian and mountain bog gentian.
Gentianella amarella, the autumn gentian, autumn dwarf gentian, or autumn felwort, is a short biennial plant flowering plant in the gentian family, Gentianaceae. It is found throughout Northern Europe, the western and northern United States, and Canada.
Gentiana scabra, the Japanese gentian, is a species of flowering plant in the Gentian family (Gentianaceae), found in much of the United States and Japan. The flowers bloom in mid-summer, autumn and are blue or dark blue in color.
Gentiana newberryi is a species of gentian known by the common names alpine gentian and Newberry's gentian. It is a perennial herb found in western North America.
Gentiana setigera is a species of gentian known by the common name Mendocino gentian. It is native to southern Oregon and northern California where it grows in wet places in the California Coast Ranges. It grows in serpentine soils.
Gentiana austromontana, the Appalachian gentian, is a 1–2 ft (30–61 cm) tall flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family. It is native to the southern Appalachians of West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina and Tennessee. Very similar to Gentiana clausa, it has paired, lanceolate leaves, usually on unbranched stalks, and blue or purple blooms which remain closed or nearly closed. It flowers from late August to October. It is thought that G. austromotana is the product of hybridization between G. clausa and G. decora as the Appalachian Gentian is found only in area where the former two are sympatric.
Gentiana saponaria, the soapwort gentian or harvestbells, is a 1–2 ft (30–61 cm) tall flowering plant in the Gentianaceae family.
Halenia deflexa, also known as green gentian or spurred gentian is a native flower of the northern regions of the United States as well as all of Canada. It is mostly found in wetlands or moist forests of these regions. The blooming season is typically from July to August.
Gentiana pannonica, the brown gentian or Hungarian gentian, is a species of flowering plant of the genus Gentiana in the family of Gentianaceae.
Gentiana pedicellata, the purple stalked gentian, is a plant that belongs to the genus Gentiana.
Gentiana alpina is a plant species from the Gentiana genus in the Gentian family.
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