Psoroma is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Pannariaceae. The genus was circumscribed by French botanist André Michaux in 1803. The widespread genus contains an estimated 58 species, most of which are found in south temperate regions. Some species formerly in Psoroma were transferred to the new genera Psorophorus and Xanthopsoroma in 2010. The genus Joergensenia was erected in 2008 to contain the species formerly known as Psoroma cephalodinum.
Menegazzia fumarprotocetrarica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen found in South America. It was formally described as a new species in 1996 by Mónica Adler and Susana Calvelo. The type specimen was collected by the second author from Bariloche. The species epithet refers to the presence of protocetraric acid, a lichen product that is rare in the genus Menegazzia. The lichen grows on the hard bark of Nothofagus alpina, N. dombeyi, and Araucaria araucana.
Menegazzia globulifera is a species of foliose lichen found in New Zealand, Australia, and southern South America. It was formally described as a species new to science in 1942 by Swedish lichenologist Rolf Santesson. The type specimen was collected north of Lago Fagnano. The lichen is typically encountered as an epiphyte, but occasionally it has been recorded growing on rocks. Menegazzia globulifera contains usnic acid and lecanoric acid as major lichen products.
Menegazzia kawesqarica is a species of foliose lichen found in southern South America. It was formally described as a new species in 2001 by lichenologists Jarle Bjerke and Arve Elvebakk. The type specimen was collected by the second author in a depression of a volcanic rock outcrop in Morro Chico. The lichen contains atranorin, stictic acid, cryptostictic acid, menegazziaic acid, and constictic acid as lichen products.
Menegazzia sanguinascens is a species of foliose lichen found in southern South America. It was first formally described as a new species in 1932 by Finnish lichenologist Veli Räsänen, who included it in genus Parmelia. The type specimen was collected from Agostini Fjord. Rolf Santesson transferred the taxon to Menegazzia in 1942. The species contains atranorin, hypothamnolic acid, and thamnolic acid as lichen products.
Menegazzia tenuis is a species of foliose lichen found in southern South America. It was formally described as a new species in 1942 by Swedish lichenologist Rolf Santesson. The type specimen was collected from Puerto Angosto The lichen contains atranorin, lichesterinic acid, and protolichesterinic acid as major lichen products.
Xanthoparmelia scabrosa, jocularly known as sexy footpath lichen or sexy pavement lichen, is a foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It tolerates a very wide range of substrata, predominantly rock but also tree bark, roofing tiles, glass, and in wetter areas bitumen paths and roads.
Gibbosporina is a genus of 13 species of foliose lichens in the family Pannariaceae. It contains species that molecular phylogenetic analysis clustered together in a clade previously referred to as the "Physma"-group. Despite their morphological differences, this group shares several uniting characteristics. They have ring-like excipular margins around the thallus; strongly amyloid internal ascus structures; well-developed perispores that feature irregular gibbae, but not verrucae ; lacks secondary compounds than can be detected by thin-layer chromatography; and have tropical distributions.
Gibbosporina acuminata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Norwegian lichenologist Arve Elvebakk. The specific epithet, derived from the Latin acumen, refers to the spiked bumps (gibbae) on the spore covering (perispore). It occurs in the tropical forests of Queensland, Australia, and the Philippines.
Gibbosporina amphorella is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk and Soon Gyu Hong. The specific epithet, derived from the Latin amphora ("urn") and ella-, refers to the small pycnidia, that are shaped like urns. The lichen is only known to occur in a small subtropical forested area in New Caledonia.
Gibbosporina bifrons is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet bifrons, meaning "two-faced", refers to the well-developed and large cephalodia that occur with the green algal photobiont. The lichen occurs in the Philippines, Solomon Islands, Malaysia, and New Caledonia.
Gibbosporina boninensis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 1969 by Syo Kurokawa as Psoroma boninense. The type was collected on an andesite-rich rugged mountaintop of Mt. Tsutsuji in Chichijima, Japan. In 2016, Arve Elvebakk and Per Magnus Jørgensen transferred the taxon to the newly circumscribed genus Gibbosporina, of which it is the type species. The lichen occurs only in the isolated subtropical Bonin Islands, for which it is named.
Gibbosporina didyma is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet didyma, refers to the thallus being divided into a prominent cyanobiont in addition to the dominant chlorobiont, as well as to cephalodia that are sometimes divided by the developing apothecia of chlorobionts. The lichen is known from only two locations on Réunion and Mauritius; both are tropical forests at moderate altitudes, 500–600 m (1,600–2,000 ft).
Gibbosporina elixii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It is endemic to Queensland, Australia. The lichen was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet honours Australian lichenologist John Alan Elix. He collected the type from Mossman Gorge National Park, where he found it growing on the base of a tree in a tropical rainforest along Mossman River. It has also been found in the Cardwell Range.
Gibbosporina leptospora is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Norwegian lichenologist Arve Elvebakk. The specific epithet leptospora, which combines the Greek lepto ("thin") with spore, refers to the thin perispore. The lichen occurs in northeast Australia, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, and New Caledonia.
Gibbosporina mascarena is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet mascarena refers to Réunion and Mauritius. The lichen occurs in Réunion, Mauritius, and Sri Lanka, where it grows on tree trunks in tropical forests at altitudes of 500–700 m (1,600–2,300 ft).
Gibbosporina nitida is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk, Soon Gyu Hong, and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The specific epithet nitida, derived from the Latin nitidus ("glossy"), refers to the lustrous upper lobe surfaces. The lichen occurs in northeast Australia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, and Fiji.
Gibbosporina papillospora is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Norwegian lichenologist Arve Elvebakk. The type was collected from Mount Mariveles by American botanist Elmer Drew Merrill in 1908. The specific epithet nitida, derived from the Latin papilla, refers to the irregular surface of the perispore. The lichen is only known to occur in the Philippines.
Gibbosporina thamnophora is a species of foliose lichen in the family Pannariaceae. It was described as a new species in 2016 by Arve Elvebakk and Per Magnus Jørgensen. The type was collected from Eungella National Park in Queensland, Australia, where it was found growing on bark in a tropical rainforest near Broken River. The specific epithet thamnophora combines the Greek thamnos ("shrub") and -phora ("carrier"), and refers to the finely branched, shrubby cephalodia that are "carried" by the chlorobiont. The lichen occurs in Australia and Papua New Guinea.
Arve Elvebakk is a Norwegian mycologist and professor working from the Arctic University of Norway in Tromsø who has published widely on Arctic biology, and climatology. Additionally, he collaborates with many mycologists across the world, and has published names for lichens in Australia, New Zealand, the South Pacific, and South America, and the Antarctic.
