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Lepiota is a genus of gilled mushrooms in the family Agaricaceae. All Lepiota species are ground-dwelling saprotrophs with a preference for rich, calcareous soils. Basidiocarps are agaricoid with whitish spores, typically with scaly caps and a ring on the stipe. Around 400 species of Lepiota are currently recognized worldwide. Many species are poisonous, some lethally so.
The Agaricaceae are a family of basidiomycete fungi and include the genus Agaricus, as well as basidiomycetes previously classified in the families Tulostomataceae, Lepiotaceae, and Lycoperdaceae.
Coprinus is a small genus of mushroom-forming fungi consisting of Coprinus comatus—the shaggy ink cap (British) or shaggy mane (American)—and several of its close relatives. Until 2001, Coprinus was a large genus consisting of all agaric species in which the lamellae autodigested to release their spores. The black ink-like liquid this creates gave these species their common name "ink cap" (British) or "inky cap" (American).
The Psathyrellaceae are a family of dark-spored agarics that generally have rather soft, fragile fruiting bodies, and are characterized by black, dark brown, rarely reddish, or even pastel-colored spore prints. About 50% of species produce fruiting bodies that dissolve into ink-like ooze when the spores are mature via autodigestion. Prior to phylogenetic research based upon DNA comparisons, most of the species that autodigested were classified as Coprinaceae, which contained all of the inky-cap mushrooms. However, the type species of Coprinus, Coprinus comatus, and a few other species, were found to be more closely related to Agaricaceae. The former genus Coprinus was split between two families, and the name "Coprinaceae" became a synonym of Agaricaceae in its 21st-century phylogenetic redefinition. Note that in the 19th and early 20th centuries the family name Agaricaceae had far broader application, while in the late 20th century it had a narrower application. The family name Psathyrellaceae is based on the former Coprinaceae subfamily name Psathyrelloideae. The type genus Psathyrella consists of species that produce fruiting bodies which do not liquify via autodigestion. Psathyrella remained a polyphyletic genus until it was split into several genera including 3 new ones in 2015. Lacrymaria is another genus that does not autodigest its fruiting bodies. It is characterized by rough basidiospores and lamellar edges that exude beads of clear liquid when in prime condition, hence the Latin reference, lacryma (tears).
Macrolepiota is a genus of white spored, gilled mushrooms of the family Agaricaceae. The best-known member is the parasol mushroom (M. procera). The widespread genus contains about 40 species.
Battarreoides is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Battarreoides diguetii, found in desert regions of North America. The fungus was originally named Battarreoides potosinus by Teófilo Herrera Suárez in 1951.
Endolepiotula is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single secotioid species Endolepiotula ruizlealii. This fungus was found in Mendoza Province, Argentina, growing in sandy soil in somewhat dry environment after rainfall.
Gyrophragmium is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed by French botanist Camille Montagne in 1843.
Heinemannomyces is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Heinemannomyces splendidissima, which was defined in 1998 by Roy Watling. It is found in peninsular Malaysia and China.
Hiatulopsis is a genus of two species of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1967 by mycologists K. Grinling and Rolf Singer with H. amara as the type species. H. aureoflava was added to the genus by Singer in 1989.
Janauaria is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Janauaria amazonica, found in Brazil and described as new to science in 1986 by mycologist Rolf Singer.
Leucoagaricus is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Several fungus-growing ants cultivate multiple species for food. The genus contains approximately 90 species.
Panaeolopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus has a widespread distribution and contains four species. Panaeolopsis was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1969 with P. sanmartiniana as the type species.
Phlebonema is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. It is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Phlebonema chrysotingens, described by Roger Heim in 1929 from Madagascar. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi, the placement of this little-known genus in the Agaricaceae is uncertain.
Ripartitella is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in Mycologia vol.39 on page 85 in 1947.
Rugosospora is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The genus contains two species: R. ochraceobadia, found in Africa, and R. pseudorubiginosa, found in Colombia and Mexico. These species have fruit bodies (mushrooms) with free gills, a white spore print, and a ring on the stipe. Rugosospora was circumscribed by Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann in 1973.
Secotium is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. The members of this genus are closely related to ordinary Agaricus mushrooms, but do not open out in the usual way; this has given rise to the term "secotioid" for such mushrooms in general. They are thought to form an evolutionary link between agarics and gasteroid fungi. Secotium is a widespread genus, with species that are predominantly found in warm and arid regions.
Smithiomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. It was circumscribed by Rolf Singer in 1944. The type species, S. mexicanus, was formerly placed in Amanita, as well as the now obsolete genera Leucomyces and Venenarius. The genus was named to honor American mycologist Alexander H. Smith.
Xerocoprinus is a fungal genus in the family Agaricaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Xerocoprinus arenarius, originally named Coprinus arenarius by Narcisse Théophile Patouillard in 1896. Xerocoprinus was circumscribed by French mycologist René Maire in 1907.
References
- ↑ "GSD Species Synonymy: Glyptoderma coelatum (Pat.) R. Heim & Perr.-Bertr". Species Fungorum. CAB International. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
- ↑ Perreau J, Heim R. (1971). "A propos des Mycenastrum représentés ou décrits par N. Patouillard". Revue de Mycologie (in French). 36 (2): 81–95.
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