Goniothalamus giganteus | |
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Color illustration of Goniothalamus giganteus. [1] | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Magnoliales |
Family: | Annonaceae |
Genus: | Goniothalamus |
Species: | G. giganteus |
Binomial name | |
Goniothalamus giganteus | |
Synonyms | |
Goniothalamus oxycarpus(Miq.) Miq. Contents |
Goniothalamus giganteus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Malaya, Myanmar, Sumatra and Thailand. [2] Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it after its exceptionally large (giganteus in Latin) flowers. [3] [4]
Its young branches are smooth and its older branches have white bark with a wrinkled surface. Its petioles are 8 millimeters long. Its leathery, stiff leaves are 16.2–27 by 4.8-8.1 centimeters. The upper surfaces of the leaves are shiny and dark green, while the undersides are paler. Its large yellow flowers are on 2.7–4.1 centimeters long peduncles that are in axillary positions. Its 3 broad, oval sepals are 1.8 centimeters long and come to a blunt point at their tips. The sepals have woolly hairs on both surfaces. Its flowers have 6 petals in two rows of 3. Its outer petals are 10.8 by 5.4 centimeters with a clawed base and wavy margins. Both sides of the outer petals have fine hairs and the base of the inner surface has golden silky hairs. The inner petals have dense silky hairs and are united in the upper 1.8 centimeters of their margins. The flowers' receptacles are flat and hollowed out in the middle. It has numerous stamen. Its ovaries are linear to oblong. Its styles are filiform with slightly club-shaped tips. [4] [5]
Its pollen is shed as permanent tetrads. [6]
It has been observed growing in evergreen forests, swampy lowlands, and hillsides at elevations of 0 to 900 meters. [6]
Bioactive compounds extracted from its bark have been reported to have cytotoxic activity in tests with cultured human cancer cells. [7] [8]
Annona bullata is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cuba. Achille Richard, the French botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the bubbled appearance of the spaces between the fine network of veins in the leaves.
Goniothalamus calvicarpus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to China, Laos and Thailand. William Grant Craib, the British botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its hairless fruit.
Goniothalamus elegans is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Thailand and Vietnam. Suzanne Jovet-Ast, the French botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its elegant thin, flexible leaves.
Goniothalamus expansus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Thailand and Vietnam. William Grant Craib, the British botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its expanded stigmas.
Goniothalamus grandiflorus is a species of rainforest tree in the Custard Apple Family Annonaceae. It is native to New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. It was first formally described by Otto Warburg, a German-Jewish botanist, using the basionym Beccariodendron grandiflorum after its big, dark red flowers. These flowers are borne directly on the trunk and major branches (cauliflory), the largest of all cauliflorous flowers.
Goniothalamus griffithii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar and Thailand. Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it in honor of William Griffith, another British botanist who collected the specimen they examined.
Goniothalamus laoticus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Laos and Thailand. It was originally described by the French botanists Achille Eugène Finet and François Gagnepain using the basionym Mitrephora laotica. In Thailand it is commonly called Khao Lam-dong and is used as a traditional medicine.
Goniothalamus latestigma is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar and Thailand. Cecil Ernest Claude Fischer, the botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its broad stigmas.
Goniothalamus macrophyllus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo, Java, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Thailand. Carl Ludwig Blume, the German-Dutch botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Unona macrophylla, named it after its large leaves. It is commonly called Penawar Hitam in the Malaya Peninsula, Ki Cantung in Indonesia, Limpanas Putih in Brunei, and Chin Dok Diao in Thailand.
Goniothalamus malayanus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo, the Malay Peninsula, the Nicobar Islands, Sumatra and Thailand. Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species, named it after part of its habitat range, British Malaya.
Goniothalamus puncticulifolius is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo and The Philippines. Elmer Drew Merrill, the American botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its minutely spotted leaves.
Goniothalamus rotundisepalus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. Murray Ross Henderson, the Scottish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its sepals which are rounded like the arc of a circle.
Goniothalamus gabriacianus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cambodia, the province of Hainan China, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. Henri Ernest Baillon the French botanist who first formally described the species using the basionym Oxymitra gabriaciana, named it after Paul-Pierre Gabriac, a French civil servant in Vietnam, who provided one of the specimens that he examined.
Goniothalamus sawtehii is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Myanmar and Thailand. Cecil Ernest Claude Fischer the botanists who first formally described the species, named it in honor of Maung Saw Teh, a plant collector who provided the specimen examined by Fischer.
Goniothalamus tamirensis is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Cambodia, Laos, Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam. The French botanists J.B. Louis Pierre and François Gagnepain, who first formally described the species, named it after the region in Cambodia it was collected from, which they record as “monts Tamir”.
Goniothalamus tortilipetalus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Peninsular Malaysia and Thailand. Murray Ross Henderson, the Scottish botanist who first formally described the species, named it after its twisted petals.
Goniothalamus velutinus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Borneo. Herbert Airy Shaw, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the dense velvety hair on its branchlets and petioles.
Mitrephora heyneana is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to India and Sri Lanka. Joseph Dalton Hooker and Thomas Thomson, the British botanists who first formally described the species under the basionym Orophea heyneana, named it after Benjamin Heyne a German botanist who collected and described many plant species from India.
Asteranthe lutea is a species of plant in the genus Asteranthe. It is native to Tanzania. Kaj Borge Vollesen, the botanist who first formally described the species in 1980, named it after its yellow petals.
Goniothalamus undulatus is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Thailand and Vietnam. Henry Nicholas Ridley, the English botanist who first formally described the species, named it after the wavy edges of its leaves.