Graphis is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Graphidaceae.
Diorygma is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Graphidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Franz Gerhard Eschweiler in 1824. Species of the genus are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
Acanthothecis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Frederick Edward Clements in 1909.
Lithothelium is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Pyrenulaceae. Most of the species are found in tropical climates, and are usually corticolous (bark-dwelling) or saxicolous (rock-dwelling). The genus was circumscribed by Swiss botanist Johannes Müller Argoviensis in 1885.
Sclerophyton is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Opegraphaceae. It has about 15 species. The genus was circumscribed by German lichenologist Franz Gerhard Eschweiler in 1824, with Sclerophyton elegans assigned as the type species.
A corticolous lichen is a lichen that grows on bark. This is contrasted with lignicolous lichen, which grows on wood that has had the bark stripped from it, and saxicolous lichen, which grows on rock.
Graphis crebra is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It has a pantropical distribution. Like other script lichens, it grows on bark and resembles calligraphy. It can be distinguished from several other similar species by the white pruina (powder) on its apothecial discs.
Allographa is a genus of script lichens in the family Graphidaceae. It has nearly 200 species. Formally circumscribed in 1824 by François Fulgis Chevallier, Allographa was formerly included in Graphis, but was upgraded to generic status in 2018 by lichenologists Klaus Kalb and Robert Lücking.
Allographa leptospora is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. The lichen was first formally described in 1921 by Finnish lichenologist Edvard August Vainio as Graphis leptospora. The type specimen was collected in 1904 by German botanist Carl Curt Hosseus on Doi Suthep, where it was found growing on tree bark. Hosseus sent this and other lichens collected from Thailand to Vainio for identification. Robert Lücking and Klaus Kalb transferred it to the genus Allographa in 2018. In 2016, the lichen was reported from the Sintra Mountains, Portugal, which was its first documented occurrence in Europe.
Allographa aptrootiana is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae that is found in tropical Africa. It was formally described as a new species in 2014 by Dries Van den Broeck, Robert Lücking, and Damien Ertz. The type locality is Yaengo (Orientale Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo; here it was found growing on the bark of an unidentified tree species in an evergreen forest. The lichen somewhat resembles Graphis tetralocularis in overall morphology, but unlike that species it has a completely carbonized excipulum, and does not produce the secondary compound atranorin. The holotype specimen is parasitised with Etayoa trypethelii, a widespread tropical lichenicolous fungus. The specific epithet aptrootiana honours André Aptroot, "in recognition of his many contributions to tropical lichenology". The taxon was transferred to Allographa in 2018 following a reinstatement and reorganization of that genus.
Glyphis cicatricosa is a crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It has a pantropical distribution, being found in the US, Central and South America, South, South-East and East Asia, Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific.
Graphis tetralocularis is a species of crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Rwanda, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Christina Bock and Markus Hauck. The type specimen was collected by the first author from Akagera National Park at an altitude of 1,369 m (4,491 ft); here it was found growing on a twig of a Nuxia floribunda tree. It is only known to occur at the type locality, which is a dry forest dominated by the trees Nuxia floribunda, Haplocoelum gallense, and Strychnos usambarensis. The lichen has a thin, smooth, whitish grey to grey-green crustose thallus. The specific epithet tetralocularis refers to the unusual morphology of its four-chambered ascospores. Graphis tetralocularis contains trace amounts of atranorin, a secondary chemical that can be detected using the technique of thin-layer chromatography.
Leptogium subazureum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and foliose lichen in the family Collemataceae. Found in India, it was formally described as a new species in 2010 by Archana Dube and Urmila Vasudev Makhija. The type specimen was collected along the road from Ajra to Amboli (Maharashtra) at an elevation of 900 m (3,000 ft). It is one of the most common lichens in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra. It grows along with mosses on the twigs and trunks of trees. The specific epithet subazureum alludes to its resemblance with Leptogium azureum, which differs in ascospore size.
Graphis breussii is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Venezuela, it was formally described as a new species in 2009 by Gerhard Neuwirth and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author from Samariapo. Here the lichen was found growing on the bark of dead branches of shrubs growing on granite rocks along the eastern banks of the Orinoco river. Characteristics of the lichen include the large, prominent lirellae with striate labia and a thin thalline cover, a completely carbonized (blackened) exciple, and four submuriform ascospores per ascus. It contains norstictic acid, a lichen product. The specific epithet honours Austrian lichenologist Othmar Breuss.
Platythecium hypoleptum is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Graphidaceae.
Graphis lueckingii is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in southern Brazil, it was fornally described as a new species in 2010 by Manuela Dal-Forno and Sionara Eliasaro. The type specimen was collected by the first author in the Pontal do Paraná, where it was found growing on bark in a forest restinga. The species epithet honours lichenologist Robert Lücking.
Graphis desquamescens is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. It has a broad distribution and can be found in various countries including Brazil, Dominica, the United States, Mexico, and Japan. It also occurs in different parts of Australia such as Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania. It was reported as new to Myanmar in 2020.
Graphis flavovirens is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in the Andaman Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Urmila Makhija and Bharati Adawadkar. The type specimen was collected from Parlobjig. The species epithet "flavovirens", which combines the Latin words for yellow and green, refers to the colour of the thallus. Its ascomata are in the form of conspicuous lirellae: they are long and black, with a branching pattern ranging from simple to radiately and profusely branched; this particular branching pattern is known as the centrifuga-morph. G. flavovirens produces ellipsoidal ascospores that have from 3 to 9 transverse septa and measure 16–42 by 4–8 μm. G. flavovirens contains two lichen products: stictic acid and constictic acid.
Graphis sitapurensis is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found on the Andaman Islands, it was formally described as a new species in 2005 by Urmila Makhija and Bharati Adawadkar. The type specimen was collected from a moist deciduous forest in Sitapur. The species epithet refers to the type locality. The ascomata of the lichen are in the form of lirellae, which are elongated and irregularly branched with a concealed disc; this particular set of characteristics is known as the deserpens-morph.
