Grevillea longifolia

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Grevillea longifolia
Grevillea longifolia.jpg
In the Hunter Region Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. longifolia
Binomial name
Grevillea longifolia
Synonyms [1]
  • Grevillea aspleniifolia Knight p.p.
  • Grevillea aspleniifolia var. longifolia(R.Br.) Domin

Grevillea longifolia, commonly known as fern-leaf spider flower, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney Basin in New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to almost linear leaves, and toothbrush-like groups of pinkish-fawn flowers with a pink to red style. It is fairly readily grown in gardens.

Contents

Description

Grevillea longifolia is an erect to spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.5–6 m (4 ft 11 in – 19 ft 8 in). Its leaves are narrowly egg-shaped to narrowly elliptic or linear, 75–220 mm (3.0–8.7 in) long and 5–25 mm (0.20–0.98 in) wide, usually with coarsely toothed edges or sometimes pinnatifid. The lower surface of the leaves is covered with silky hairs and, when present, the teeth are 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) long. The flowers are arranged in toothbrush-like groups on a rachis 45–75 mm (1.8–3.0 in) long and are pinkish-fawn with a pink to red style, the pistil 21–24 mm (0.83–0.94 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to January, peaking in September, and the fruit is a silky-hairy follicle 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) long. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy

Grevillea longifolia was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown in his Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae , from specimens collected by George Caley near Port Jackson in July 1807. [8] [9] The specific epithet (longifolia) means "long-leaved". [2]

Distribution and habitat

Grevillea longifolia is restricted to the Sydney Basin, particularly the southern areas and Woronora Plateau. It is found in the Heathcote and Royal National Parks, [4] but has vanished from the Burwood and Carlton districts where it once grew. [5] It grows on Hawkesbury Sandstone and yellow clay soils, often along riverbanks and streams. It grows in shaded or part-shaded situations in woodland or forest, under such trees as blue leaved stringybark ( Eucalyptus agglomerata ), Sydney peppermint ( E. piperita ), stringybark ( E. oblonga ), smooth-barked apple ( Angophora costata ) and red bloodwood ( Corymbia gummifera ), and shrubs such as gymea lily ( Doryanthes excelsa ), and near creeks with such shrubs as Lomatia myricoides , watergum Tristania neriifolia , kanooka ( Tristaniopsis laurina ) and trees blackbutt ( Eucalyptus pilularis ) and coachwood ( Ceratopetalum apetalum ). [5]

Ecology

This grevillea is killed by fire, but regenerates from seed. The seed are sometimes eaten by insects, or by native mammals such as the bush rat ( Rattus fuscipes ) and swamp wallaby ( Wallabia bicolor ). [5]

Use in horticulture

Grevillea longifolia adapts readily to cultivation, and can be propagated vegetatively by cutting as plants have a tendency to hybridise, making seed parentage unclear. [2] It is grown commercially in the south of France for its foliage. It is sometimes sold mistakenly labelled as G. aspleniifolia. [10]

Related Research Articles

<i>Grevillea robusta</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to eastern Australia

Grevillea robusta, commonly known as the southern silky oak, silk oak or silky oak, silver oak or Australian silver oak, is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae, and accordingly unrelated to true oaks, family Fagaceae. Grevillea robusta is a tree, and is the largest species in its genus. It is a native of eastern coastal Australia, growing in riverine, subtropical and dry rainforest environments.

<i>Grevillea lanigera</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Victoria and New South Wales in Australia

Grevillea lanigera, commonly known as woolly grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a spreading shrub with narrowly oblong to more or less linear leaves and clusters of pink to red, and cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea bipinnatifida</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea bipinnatifida, commonly known as fuchsia grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub, usually with bipinnatifid leaves and loose clusters of dull pink to crimson flowers.

<i>Grevillea crithmifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea crithmifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a dense shrub with linear leaves, divided leaves with narrowly oblong lobes, or both, and clusters of pale pink to creamy-white flowers.

<i>Grevillea caleyi</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Australia

Grevillea caleyi, also known as Caley's grevillea, is a critically endangered species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area around the Terrey Hills and Belrose area in New South Wales. It is an open, spreading shrub, growing up to 4 m (13 ft) tall with deeply divided leaves with linear lobes, and fawn flowers with a maroon to red style.

<i>Grevillea agrifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae

Grevillea agrifolia, the blue grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is native to the north of Western Australia and parts of the Northern Territory. It is a shrub or tree with narrowly oblong leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and creamy-yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea pectinata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea pectinata, commonly known as comb-leaf grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with divided, comb-like leaves and mauve-pink to red and cream-coloured to yellow flowers with a red to deep pink style.

<i>Petrophile canescens</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae found in eastern Australia

Petrophile canescens, commonly known as conesticks, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is an erect shrub with pinnately-divided leaves and oval heads of hairy, white to pale cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea floribunda</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

Grevillea floribunda, commonly known as seven dwarfs grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and groups of six to twenty flowers covered with rusty brown hairs.

Grevillea obtusiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a small area of eastern New South Wales. It is a low, spreading to erect shrub with many stems, narrowly elliptic to oblong or linear to narrowly egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and pinkish-red and cream-coloured flowers with a red style.

<i>Grevillea quercifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea quercifolia, commonly known as the oak-leaf grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the protea family and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a straggly to sprawling shrub usually with pinnatifid or serrated leaves, and oval to cylindrical clusters of pale to deep pink flowers.

<i>Grevillea triternata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea triternata is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to New South Wales. It is a dense, compact shrub with divided leaves, the end lobes sharply pointed, linear to narrowly triangular, and cylindrical clusters of white flowers with a cream-coloured to pale yellow style.

<i>Grevillea depauperata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea depauperata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with oblong or egg-shaped leaves and clusters of red to orange flowers.

<i>Grevillea fasciculata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea fasciculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, often spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic to more or less linear leaves and erect clusters of red and orange or orange and yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea anethifolia</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea anethifolia, commonly known as spiny cream spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to continental Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy branchlets, lobed leaves, the lobes sharply pointed, and white to pale yellow or cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea baxteri</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea baxteri, commonly known as the Cape Arid grevillea, is a flowering plant of the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with pinnatipartite leaves and greenish to fawn or creamy-orange flowers.

Grevillea cunninghamii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the north of Western Australia. It is a shrub with egg-shaped leaves with sharply-pointed teeth on the edges, and clusters of red flowers.

<i>Hakea tuberculata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae, endemic to Western Australia

Hakea tuberculata is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to several isolated areas along the coast in the Peel, South West, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. It is an upright shrub with white flowers and rigid, prickly leaves.

<i>Hakea fraseri</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to northern New South Wales

Hakea fraseri, is a species of shrub or small tree commonly known as the corkwood oak, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to northern New South Wales. It has furrowed bark, pendulous foliage and creamy-white flowers in spring.

<i>Grevillea angulata</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea angulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Top End of the Northern Territory. It is a spreading to erect shrub with pinnatifid or toothed leaves and cream-coloured flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 "Grevillea longifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 ANBG staff (1975). "Grevillea longifolia". Growing Native Plants. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian National Botanic Gardens, Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  3. "Grevillea longifolia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  4. 1 2 Robert O. Makinson. "New South Wales Flora Online: Grevillea longifolia". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (2000). "Ecology of Sydney Plant Species Part 7b:Dicotyledon families Proteaceae to Rubiaceae". Cunninghamia. 6 (4): 1063. Retrieved 24 June 2024.
  6. Robinson, Les (1991). Field guide to the native plants of Sydney. Kenthurst, NSW: Kangaroo Press. p. 95. ISBN   0864171927.
  7. Fairley, Alan (1989). Native plants of the Sydney district : an identification guide. Kenthurst, N.S.W.: Kangaroo Press in association with the Society for Growing Australian Plants-NSW. p. 165. ISBN   0864172613.
  8. "Grevillea longifolia". APNI. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  9. Brown, Robert (1830). Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 22. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  10. Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1991). Banksias, Waratahs and Grevilleas. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 277. ISBN   0-207-17277-3.