Grevillea longifolia

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Grevillea longifolia
Grevillea longifolia.jpg
In the Hunter Region Botanic Gardens
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. longifolia
Binomial name
Grevillea longifolia
Synonyms [1]
  • Grevillea aspleniifolia Knight p.p.
  • Grevillea aspleniifolia var. longifolia(R.Br.) Domin

Grevillea longifolia, commonly known as fern-leaf spider flower, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Sydney Basin in New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with narrowly egg-shaped to almost linear leaves, and toothbrush-like groups of pinkish-fawn flowers with a pink to red style. It is fairly readily grown in gardens.

Contents

Description

Grevillea longifolia is an erect to spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of 1.5–6 m (4 ft 11 in – 19 ft 8 in). Its leaves are narrowly egg-shaped to narrowly elliptic or linear, 75–220 mm (3.0–8.7 in) long and 5–25 mm (0.20–0.98 in) wide, usually with coarsely toothed edges or sometimes pinnatifid. The lower surface of the leaves is covered with silky hairs and, when present, the teeth are 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) long. The flowers are arranged in toothbrush-like groups on a rachis 45–75 mm (1.8–3.0 in) long and are pinkish-fawn with a pink to red style, the pistil 21–24 mm (0.83–0.94 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to January, peaking in September, and the fruit is a silky-hairy follicle 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) long. [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Taxonomy

Grevillea longifolia was first formally described in 1830 by Robert Brown in his Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae , from specimens collected by George Caley near Port Jackson in July 1807. [8] [9] The specific epithet (longifolia) means "long-leaved". [2]

Distribution and habitat

Grevillea longifolia is restricted to the Sydney Basin, particularly the southern areas and Woronora Plateau. It is found in the Heathcote and Royal National Parks, [4] but has vanished from the Burwood and Carlton districts where it once grew. [5] It grows on Hawkesbury Sandstone and yellow clay soils, often along riverbanks and streams. It grows in shaded or part-shaded situations in woodland or forest, under such trees as blue leaved stringybark ( Eucalyptus agglomerata ), Sydney peppermint ( E. piperita ), stringybark ( E. oblonga ), smooth-barked apple ( Angophora costata ) and red bloodwood ( Corymbia gummifera ), and shrubs such as gymea lily ( Doryanthes excelsa ), and near creeks with such shrubs as Lomatia myricoides , watergum Tristania neriifolia , kanooka ( Tristaniopsis laurina ) and trees blackbutt ( Eucalyptus pilularis ) and coachwood ( Ceratopetalum apetalum ). [5]

Ecology

This grevillea is killed by fire, but regenerates from seed. The seed are sometimes eaten by insects, or by native mammals such as the bush rat ( Rattus fuscipes ) and swamp wallaby ( Wallabia bicolor ). [5]

Use in horticulture

Grevillea longifolia adapts readily to cultivation, and can be propagated vegetatively by cutting as plants have a tendency to hybridise, making seed parentage unclear. [2] It is grown commercially in the south of France for its foliage. It is sometimes sold mistakenly labelled as G. aspleniifolia. [10]

Related Research Articles

<i>Grevillea robusta</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to eastern Australia

Grevillea robusta, commonly known as the southern silky oak, silk oak or silky oak, silver oak or Australian silver oak, is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae. It is a tree, the largest species in its genus but is not closely related to the true oaks, Quercus. It is a native of eastern coastal Australia, growing in riverine, subtropical and dry rainforest environments.

<i>Grevillea lanigera</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Victoria and New South Wales in Australia

Grevillea lanigera, commonly known as woolly grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a spreading shrub with narrowly oblong to more or less linear leaves and clusters of pink to red, and cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea bipinnatifida</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea bipinnatifida, commonly known as fuchsia grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub, usually with bipinnatifid leaves and loose clusters of dull pink to crimson flowers.

<i>Grevillea crithmifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea crithmifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a dense shrub with linear leaves, divided leaves with narrowly oblong lobes, or both, and clusters of pale pink to creamy-white flowers.

<i>Grevillea caleyi</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Australia

Grevillea caleyi, also known as Caley's grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of New South Wales. It is an open, spreading shrub with deeply divided leaves with linear lobes, and fawn flowers with a maroon to red style.

<i>Grevillea agrifolia</i> Species of plant in the family Proteaceae

Grevillea agrifolia, the blue grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is native to the north of Western Australia and parts of the Northern Territory. It is a shrub or tree with narrowly oblong leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and creamy-yellow flowers.

<i>Hakea lorea</i> Species of shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae found in central and northern Australia

Hakea lorea, commonly known as bootlace oak or cork tree, is a species of shrub or small tree in the family Proteaceae found in central and northern Australia. It has needle-shape leaves, yellow, white or green flowers and hard corky bark.

<i>Grevillea ilicifolia</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to South Australia, Victoria and New South Wales

Grevillea ilicifolia, commonly known as holly grevillea or holly bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. It is a spreading to prostrate shrub with holly-like leaves with sharply-pointed triangular to egg-shaped teeth or lobes, and clusters of green to cream-coloured and mauve flowers with a pink to red style.

<i>Grevillea floribunda</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales and Queensland, Australia

Grevillea floribunda, commonly known as seven dwarfs grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a spreading shrub with oblong to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base and groups of six to twenty flowers covered with rusty brown hairs.

Grevillea obtusiflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to a small area of eastern New South Wales. It is a low, spreading to erect shrub with many stems, narrowly elliptic to oblong or linear to narrowly egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and pinkish-red and cream-coloured flowers with a red style.

<i>Persoonia fastigiata</i> Species of flowering plant

Persoonia fastigiata is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales. It is a small, erect to spreading shrub with linear leaves and hairy flowers arranged singly or in groups of up to five on a rachis up to 10 mm (0.39 in) long.

<i>Persoonia curvifolia</i> Species of shrub

Persoonia curvifolia is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to central New South Wales. It is an erect to spreading shrub with linear leaves and somewhat hairy yellow flowers.

Grevillea divaricata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to central New South Wales. It is a low shrub with linear leaves and small clusters of flowers on the ends of branchlets. It is only known from the type specimen.

<i>Grevillea depauperata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea depauperata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, dense, spreading shrub with oblong or egg-shaped leaves and clusters of red to orange flowers.

<i>Grevillea fasciculata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea fasciculata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a low, often spreading shrub with narrowly elliptic to more or less linear leaves and erect clusters of red and orange or orange and yellow flowers.

<i>Grevillea anethifolia</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea anethifolia, commonly known as spiny cream spider flower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to continental Australia. It is an erect shrub with hairy branchlets, lobed leaves, the lobes sharply pointed, and white to pale yellow or cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea baxteri</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea baxteri, commonly known as the Cape Arid grevillea, is a flowering plant of the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with pinnatipartite leaves and greenish to fawn or creamy-orange flowers.

Grevillea cunninghamii is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the north of Western Australia. It is a shrub with egg-shaped leaves with sharply-pointed teeth on the edges, and clusters of red flowers.

Hakea tuberculata is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to several isolated areas along the coast in the Peel, South West, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. It is an upright shrub with white flowers and rigid, prickly leaves.

<i>Grevillea angulata</i> Species of shrub of the family Proteaceae that is endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea angulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Top End of the Northern Territory. It is a spreading to erect shrub with pinnatifid or toothed leaves and cream-coloured flowers.

References

  1. 1 2 "Grevillea longifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 ANBG staff (1975). "Grevillea longifolia". Growing Native Plants. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian National Botanic Gardens, Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
  3. "Grevillea longifolia". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  4. 1 2 Robert O. Makinson. "New South Wales Flora Online: Grevillea longifolia". Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Benson, Doug; McDougall, Lyn (2000). "Ecology of Sydney Plant Species Part 7b:Dicotyledon families Proteaceae to Rubiaceae". Cunninghamia. 6 (4): 1063. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  6. Robinson, Les (1991). Field guide to the native plants of Sydney. Kenthurst, NSW: Kangaroo Press. p. 95. ISBN   0864171927.
  7. Fairley, Alan (1989). Native plants of the Sydney district : an identification guide. Kenthurst, N.S.W.: Kangaroo Press in association with the Society for Growing Australian Plants-NSW. p. 165. ISBN   0864172613.
  8. "Grevillea longifolia". APNI. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  9. Brown, Robert (1830). Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 22. Retrieved 23 June 2022.
  10. Wrigley, John; Fagg, Murray (1991). Banksias, Waratahs and Grevilleas. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. p. 277. ISBN   0-207-17277-3.