Eucalyptus agglomerata

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Blue-leaved stringybark
Eucalyptus agglomerata Watagan Forest Road.jpg
Blue-leaved stringybark in Watagans National Park
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. agglomerata
Binomial name
Eucalyptus agglomerata

Eucalyptus agglomerata, commonly known as blue-leaved stringybark, [3] is a tree endemic to eastern Australia. It has persistent, stringy bark, green or greyish leaves with a bluish sheen, flower buds in groups of eleven to fifteen, white to cream-coloured flowers and crowded, flattened hemispherical fruit.

Contents

E. agglomerata foliage Eucalyptus agglomerata foliage.jpg
E. agglomerata foliage
E. agglomerata flower buds Eucalyptus agglomerata buds.jpg
E. agglomerata flower buds
E. agglomerata fruit Eucalyptus agglomerata Watagan Forest Road gumnuts.jpg
E. agglomerata fruit

Description

Eucalyptus agglomerata is a tree that grows to a height of 40 m (100 ft) and has thick, fibrous, stringy bark, usually colored grey over reddish brown. The leaves of young trees are green and broadly lance-shaped to egg-shaped, glossy green, wavy and hairy. Adult leaves are glabrous, lance-shaped to broadly lance-shaped, mostly 75–120 mm (3–5 in) long and 14–30 mm (0.6–1 in) wide. They are green to greyish green, a similar shade on both sides, more or less glossy with a bluish sheen. From a distance the leaves appear a bluish/green colour. The flower buds are arranged in groups of between eleven and fifteen on a flattened or angular peduncle 6–13 mm (0.2–0.5 in) long but the individual buds lack a pedicel. The mature buds are oblong or spindle-shaped, 7–8 mm (0.28–0.31 in) long and about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide with a conical operculum at least as long and wide as the floral cup. The flowers are white. Flowering mostly occurs between October and January and the fruit are crowded, flattened hemispherical, 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus agglomerata was first formally described in 1922 by Joseph Maiden and the description was published in Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales . The type specimen was collected in 1896 by Maiden from Hill Top in the Southern Highlands district of New South Wales. [9] [10] [11] The specific epithet (agglomerata) is a Latin adjective meaning "balled" or "gathered into a mass", [12] referring to the crowded fruit. [4]

Distribution and habitat

Blue-leaved stringybark is often found on gentle to moderate slopes in the coastal and tableland areas, but it also grows on steep slopes in the Blue Mountains. The soils show a range of types, some of poor quality but mostly of good levels of sub soil moisture. Podosolic soils give best results. The soil types for E. agglomerata are mostly sedimentary, based on shales and sandstones, but sometimes slates. [9] The climate for this species is mostly warm humid with rainfall ranges between 700 mm to 1500 mm per year. Frosts are common in the higher altitudes of its range, but absent on the lower coastal habitats. The average high temperature of the warmest month is between 25 and 31 degrees Celsius. The minimum temperature range of the coolest month is from -2 to 6 degrees Celsius. Blue-leaved stringybark is found within 120 kilometres of the sea. [9]

It occurs in areas of eastern central and southern New South Wales, and is distributed as far north as Wauchope, [13] to just south of the Victorian border into Croajingolong National Park.

Ecology

Blue-leaved stringybark is a koala food tree. [14] A field study conducted in the Campbelltown district southwest of Sydney published in 2000 found that koalas preferred Blue-leaved Stringybark and Grey Gum but only when the two tree species were growing on shale-based rather than sandstone soils. [15]

Use in horticulture

It is not often seen in cultivation but has potential as a windbreak or shelter tree. [4]

Timber

The pale brown sapwood is resistant to lyctus borer. The light brown heartwood is of a moderate fine texture with some interlocking grain. The weight is 930 kilograms per cubic metre. It is slow drying and is used for general building construction and fencing. [9]

Related Research Articles

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Eucalyptus delegatensis, commonly known as alpine ash, gum-topped stringybark, white-top and in Victoria as woollybutt, is a species of tree that is endemic to southeastern Australia. It has a straight trunk with rough, fibrous to stringy bark on the lower half of the trunk, smooth white bark above, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and barrel-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus dives</i> Species of eucalyptus

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<i>Eucalyptus polybractea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus polybractea, commonly known as the blue-leaved mallee or simply blue mallee, is a species of mallee that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous or flaky bark on the lower part of the trunk, smooth greyish or brownish bark above, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus capitellata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus capitellata, commonly known as brown stringybark, is a species of tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, spindle-shaped or oblong flower buds in groups of seven or more, white flowers and clusters of flattened hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus caliginosa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus caliginosa, commonly known as broad-leaved stringybark or New England stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has stringy bark, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven or nine, white flowers and more or less hemispherical fruit. It is common on the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes of New South Wales and adjacent areas of Queensland.

<i>Eucalyptus pilularis</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus pilularis, commonly known as blackbutt, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, finely fibrous greyish bark on the lower half of the trunk, smooth white, grey or cream-coloured bark above, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus resinifera</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus resinifera, commonly known as red mahogany or red messmate, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree endemic to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical, conical or cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus laevopinea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus laevopinea, commonly known as the silver top stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy greyish bark on the trunk and larger branches, glossy green, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus blaxlandii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus blaxlandii, commonly known as Blaxland's stringybark, is a tree that is endemic to south eastern New South Wales. It is a stringybark with lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in group of nine or eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus ligustrina</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus ligustrina, commonly known as the privet-leaved stringybark, is a species of shrub, mallee or small tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has rough, stringy bark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical or shortened spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus sparsifolia</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus sparsifolia, commonly known as the narrow-leaved stringybark, is a tree endemic to New South Wales. It has grey to reddish brown, stringy bark, glossy green lance-shaped leaves, spindle-shaped flower buds and more or less spherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus eugenioides</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus eugenioides, commonly known as the thin-leaved stringybark or white stringybark, is a species of tree endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough stringy bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, Flower buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tenella</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tenella, commonly known as narrow-leaved stringybark, is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has stringy bark, narrow lance-shaped to linear leaves, flower buds in group of seven to fifteen, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus cameronii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus cameronii, commonly known as the diehard stringybark is a flowering plant that is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a small to medium-sized tree with rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the small branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flowers buds in groups of between nine and fifteen, white flowers and cup-shaped, hemispherical or more or less spherical fruit. It mainly grows on the eastern side of the Northern Tablelands in New South Wales.

<i>Eucalyptus planchoniana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus planchoniana, commonly known as the needlebark stringybark or bastard tallowwood is a species of small to medium-sized tree that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and larger branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped, cylindrical or barrel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus boliviana</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus boliviana, commonly known as Bolivia Hill stringybark or Bolivia stringybark is a shrub or a mallee, sometimes a small tree and is endemic to a small area in northern New South Wales. It is a stringybark with four-sides stems, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds arranged in groups of seven, yellow flowers and hemispherical to broadly funnel-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus camfieldii</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus camfieldii, commonly known as Camfield's stringybark or heart-leaved stringybark, is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to New South Wales. It has rough, fibrous and stringy bark, broadly lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of about eleven, white flowers and flattened hemispherical fruit. It grows in poor, sandy soil in the Sydney region.

<i>Eucalyptus carnea</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus carnea, known as the thick-leaved mahogany or broad-leaved white mahogany, is a species of tree that is endemic to coastal areas of eastern Australia. It has rough, stringy bark from the trunk to the thinnest branches, lance-shaped or curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of between seven and eleven, white flowers and cup-shaped to hemispherical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus sphaerocarpa</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus sphaerocarpa, commonly known as the Blackdown stringybark, is a species of tall forest tree that is endemic to Queensland. It has rough, stringy bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, nine or eleven, white flowers and shortened spherical fruit.

Eucalyptus aurifodina, commonly known as the small-leaved brown stringybark is a rare small tree that is endemic to the goldfields area of Victoria. It has rough, stringy bark on its trunk and branches, glossy green elliptic to egg-shaped adult leaves, oval or slightly club-shaped buds arranged in groups of seven to eleven, white flowers and hemispherical fruit.

References

  1. ↑ Fensham, R., Collingwood, T. & Laffineur, B. 2019. Eucalyptus agglomerata. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T133374686A133374688. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133374686A133374688.en. Downloaded on 20 September 2021.
  2. ↑ "Eucalyptus agglomerata". APNI. Retrieved 17 February 2019.
  3. ↑ Philip A. Clarke (2012). Australian plants as Aboriginal Tools. Rosenberg Publishing. ISBN   9781922013576.
  4. 1 2 3 Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L.; Blake, Trevor (1986). "Eu-Go". In Elliot, Rodger W.; Jones, David L. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Australian Plants suitable for cultivation. Vol. 4. Lothian Publishing. p. 16. ISBN   0-85091-213-X.
  5. ↑ "Eucalyptus agglomerata". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  6. ↑ Chippendale, Geroge McCartney. "Eucalyptus agglomerata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  7. ↑ Hill, Ken. "Eucalyptus agglomerata". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  8. ↑ Brooker, M. Ian; Slee, Andrew V. "Eucalyptus agglomerata". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  9. 1 2 3 4 Forest Trees of Australia, D.J. Boland et al. 1992 ISBN   0-909605-57-2 page 282
  10. ↑ "Eucalyptus agglomerata". APNI. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  11. ↑ Maiden, Joseph H. (1922). "On an additional blue-leaf stringybark". Journal and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New South Wales. 55: 266–269. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  12. ↑ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 119.
  13. ↑ "Eucalyptus agglomerata". PlantNET - NSW Flora Online. Retrieved 2010-04-12.
  14. ↑ "Australian Koala Foundation - Koalas". Archived from the original on 2009-09-13. Retrieved 2010-04-16.
  15. ↑ Phillips, Stephen; Callaghan, John (2000). "Tree species preferences of koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in the Campbelltown area south-west of Sydney, New South Wales". Wildlife Research. 27 (5): 509–16. doi:10.1071/WR98087.
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