Grevillea synapheae

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Grevillea synapheae
Grevillea synapheae gnangarra.JPG
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. synapheae
Binomial name
Grevillea synapheae

Grevillea synapheae, commonly known as catkin grevillea, [2] is species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a prostrate to erect shrub usually with divided leaves with 3 to 7 triangular to more or less linear lobes, and clusters of white to creamy yellow flowers.

Contents

Subspecies minyulo Grevillea synapheae subsp. minyulo - Flickr - Kevin Thiele.jpg
Subspecies minyulo

Description

Grevillea synapheae is a prostrate to erect, lignotuber-forming shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.2–1.5 m (7.9 in – 4 ft 11.1 in), its branches glabrous to sparsely woolly-hairy. The leaves are variable but mostly wedge-shaped with 3 to 7 triangular to more or less linear lobes 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in) long and 2–12 mm (0.079–0.472 in) wide. The flowers are arranged in clusters with up to 6 branches, each branch cylindrical on a rachis 10–60 mm (0.39–2.36 in) long. The flowers are white to creamy yellow, the pistil 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long. Flowering occurs from July to October, and the fruit is a wrinkled, elliptic to oval follicle 8–13 mm (0.31–0.51 in) long. [2] [3] [4]

This grevillea is closely related to G. trifida , G. muelleri and G. prominens . [2]

Taxonomy

Grevillea synapheae was first formally described by botanist Robert Brown in 1830 in Supplementum primum Prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae from specimens collected in the Swan River Colony by Charles Fraser. [5] [6] The specific epithet (synapheae) refers to similarity of the leaf shape and flower colour to the genus Synaphea . [7]

The names of 5 subspecies are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

Distribution

All 5 subspecies of G. synaphaea occur in the south-west of Western Australia.

Conservation status

Subspecies A, [10] latiloba [13] and minyulo [16] are listed as "Priority One" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that they are known from only one or a few locations which are potentially at risk. [23] but subsp. pachyphylla [19] and synapheae [22] are listed as "not threatened".

Use in horticulture

Catkin grevillea is sold commercially [24] and is recommended for use as a low ornamental shrub that is suitable for wide verges, median strips, open locations as well as reserves and parks. When planted is numbers it makes low hedge or barrier or groundcover. It can tolerate drought and a medium frost and soils with a high lime content. It does require well drained soil and part shade to full sun. The plant is a good bird attractor which is used for food and habitat. It can cause skin irritations. [25]

Related Research Articles

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Grevillea petrophiloides, commonly known as pink pokers, rock grevillea or poker grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect shrub with divided leaves, the lobes mostly linear, and cylindrical clusters of usually pink to reddish pink and bluish-grey flowers.

<i>Grevillea fililoba</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea pilosa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea paniculata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea hookeriana</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea sarissa</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to South and Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea plurijuga</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea dryandroides</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae native to Western Australia

Grevillea dryandroides, commonly known as phalanx grevillea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. A diffuse, clumping shrub, it often forms suckers and has divided leaves with up to 35 pairs of leaflets, and groups of red to pinkish flowers on an unusually long, trailing peduncle.

<i>Grevillea refracta</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to northern Australia

Grevillea refracta, commonly known as silver-leaf grevillea, is a species of plant in the protea family and is native to northern Australia. It is a tree or shrub usually with pinnatipartite leaves and red and yellow flowers arranged on a branched, downcurved raceme.

Grevillea nematophylla, commonly known as water bush or silver-leaved water bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is shrub or small tree with simple or pinnatisect leaves, the leaves or lobes linear, and branched, cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea amplexans</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to the Mid West region of Western Australia

Grevillea amplexans is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the Mid West region of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with arching branches, stem-clasping, sharply-pointed, lobed or toothed leaves and white to cream-coloured flowers.

<i>Grevillea commutata</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea commutata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the west of Western Australia. It is a spreading, open to dense shrub with egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and white, cream-coloured, and pinkish-green flowers.

<i>Grevillea hakeoides</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea hakeoides is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with flat, linear or more or less-cylindrical leaves and dome-shaped groups of flowers, the colour varying according to subspecies.

<i>Grevillea manglesioides</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

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<i>Grevillea obliquistigma</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea obliquistigma is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a spreading shrub with linear leaves, and conical to cylindrical clusters of creamy-white to yellowish cream-coloured flowers, sometimes tinged with pink.

<i>Grevillea shuttleworthiana</i> Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to Western Australia

Grevillea shuttleworthiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a more or less erect shrub with variably-shaped leaves, the shape depending on subspecies, and cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured to yellow or greenish flowers, often held above the foliage.

<i>Grevillea neorigida</i> Species of plant in the Proteaceae family

Grevillea neorigida is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is compact, spreading shrub with deeply-divided leaves, the end lobes linear and somewhat sharply-pointed, and clusters of creamy-brown to off-white flowers with a scarlet or orange-red style.

Stenanthemum notiale is a species of flowering plant in the family Rhamnaceae and is native to Western Australia, South Australia and Victoria. It is a small, erect to prostrate shrub with hairy young stems, egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and clusters of white to cream-coloured or greenish yellow, densely shaggy-hairy flowers.

References

  1. "Grevillea synapheae". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  3. "Grevillea synapheae". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  4. Wrigley, John W.; Fagg, Murray A. (1991). Banksias, waratahs & grevilleas : and all other plants in the Australian Proteaceae family. North Ryde, NSW, Australia: Angus & Robertson. p. 338. ISBN   0207172773.
  5. "Grevillea synapheae". APNI. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  6. Brown, Robert (1830). Supplementum primum prodromi florae Novae Hollandiae. London. p. 23. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  7. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 318. ISBN   9780958034180.
  8. "Grevillea synapheae subsp. A". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  9. 1 2 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. A". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  10. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. A". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  11. "Grevillea synapheae subsp. latiloba". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  12. 1 2 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. latiloba". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  13. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. latiloba". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  14. "Grevillea synapheae subsp. minyulo". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  15. 1 2 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. minyulo". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  16. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. minyulo". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  17. "Grevillea synapheae subsp. pachyphylla". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  18. 1 2 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. pachyphylla". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  19. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. pachyphylla". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  20. "Grevillea synapheae subsp. synapheae". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  21. 1 2 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. synapheae". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  22. 1 2 3 "Grevillea synapheae subsp. synapheae". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
  23. "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna" (PDF). Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
  24. "Grevillea synapheae". Australian Native Plants. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
  25. "Grevillea synapheae". Plant Selector. Botanic Gardens of South Australia . Retrieved 19 January 2022.