Gymnophthalmus | |
---|---|
Gymnophthalmus pleii | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Reptilia |
Order: | Squamata |
Family: | Gymnophthalmidae |
Tribe: | Gymnophthalmini |
Genus: | Gymnophthalmus Merrem, 1820 |
Species | |
Eight, see text. |
Gymnophthalmus is genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is native to Mexico, Central America, and the northern part of South America. Eight species are recognized as being valid. [1]
A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.
Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains. The group is paraphyletic as it excludes the snakes and Amphisbaenia; some lizards are more closely related to these two excluded groups than they are to other lizards. Lizards range in size from chameleons and geckos a few centimeters long to the 3 meter long Komodo dragon.
Family is one of the eight major hierarchical taxonomic ranks in Linnaean taxonomy; it is classified between order and genus. A family may be divided into subfamilies, which are intermediate ranks between the ranks of family and genus. The official family names are Latin in origin; however, popular names are often used: for example, walnut trees and hickory trees belong to the family Juglandaceae, but that family is commonly referred to as being the "walnut family".
The genus Gymnophthalmus contains the following species. [1]
Gymnophthalmus cryptus, the cryptic spectacled tegu, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is endemic to Venezuela.
Gymnophthalmus leucomystax, the white spectacled tegu, is a species of lizard in the family Gymnophthalmidae. It is found in Brazil and Guyana.
Paulo Emilio Vanzolini was a Brazilian scientist and music composer. He was best known for his samba compositions, including the famous "Ronda", "Volta por Cima", and "Boca da Noite", and for his scientific works in herpetology. He is considered one of the greatest samba composers from São Paulo. Until his death, he still conducted research at the University of São Paulo (USP).
The Gerrhosauridae are a family of lizards native to Africa and Madagascar.
Gymnophthalmidae is a family of lizards with at least 250 species, sometimes known as spectacled lizards or microteiids. They are called 'spectacled' because of their transparent lower eyelids, so they can still see with closed eyes. Like most lizards, but unlike geckos, these eyelids are movable. The Alopoglossidae have been recently moved from this family.
Pseudocordylus is a genus of small to large girdled lizards from South Africa, commonly known as crag lizards. Six species of Pseudocordylus are known; they are distinguished from girdled lizards of the genus Cordylus by the presence of granular scales on the back instead of osteoderms. However, recent molecular data places Pseudocordylus within Cordylus.
Tupinambis is a lizard genus which belongs to the family Teiidae, and contains eight described species. These large lizards are commonly referred to as tegus ; T. merianae, T. rufescens, and T. teguixin are popular in the pet trade. They are primarily found in South America, although T. teguixin also occurs in Panama.
Lepidophyma is a genus of lizards, commonly called tropical night lizards. The genus Lepidophyma is one of three genera of night lizards, which are a group of viviparous (live-bearing) lizards. There are 19 species of tropical night lizards in the genus Lepidophyma, making it the most populous night lizard genus. Species of the genus Lepidophyma are distributed throughout Central America, found anywhere from central Mexico to Panama, depending on the particular species. Tropical night lizards, particularly the yellow-spotted species, are sometimes called Central American bark lizards by pet dealers and owners.
Xantusia is one of three genera of night lizards. Species of Xantusia are small to medium-sized, viviparous (live-bearing) lizards found in the U.S. Southwest and in northern Mexico.
Anadia is a genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is endemic to southern Central America and northern South America.
Arthrosaura is a genus of spectacled lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae.
Cercosaura is a genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is endemic to South America.
Echinosaura is a genus of lizards, called commonly the spined tegus, in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is endemic to Central America and South America.
Euspondylus is a genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae.
Micrablepharus is a small genus of lizards endemic to South America.
The leopard fringe-fingered lizard, also known commonly as the Egyptian fringe-fingered lizard, is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. The species is endemic to North Africa.
The Martinique spectacled tegu or rough-scaled worm lizard is a species of microteiid lizard found in the Caribbean, on the Lesser Antilles islands of Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, and Maria I.
Gymnophthalmus underwoodi, called commonly Underwood's spectacled tegu, is a species of microteiid lizard, which is found in South America and on certain Caribbean islands.
Microlophus grayii, commonly known as the Floreana lava lizard, is a species of lava lizard in the family Tropiduridae. The species is endemic to the Galapagos island of Floreana.
Gymnophthalmus speciosus, the golden spectacled tegu, is a microteiid lizard found in Mexico, Central America, and Colombia. It is a small, cylindrical lizard with a long tail and a tendency to reduced extremeties.
Loxopholis is a genus of lizards in the family Gymnophthalmidae. The genus is endemic to South America.
George Albert Boulenger was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.
Blasius Merrem was a German naturalist, zoologist, ornithologist, mathematician, and herpetologist. In 1804, he became the professor of political economy and botany at the University of Marburg.
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