HLA-DR16

Last updated
DR Illustration.PNG
major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR16
Haplotypes groupsDRA*01:DRB1*1601 DRA*01:DRB1*1602
Structure (See HLA-DR)
Identifiers
alpha *0101
Symbol(s) HLA-DRA [ permanent dead link ]
EBI-HLA DRA*0101
Identifiers
beta 1 *1601*1602*1604
Symbol(s) HLA-DRB1 [ permanent dead link ]
EBI-HLA DRB1*1601
EBI-HLA DRB1*1602
EBI-HLA DRB1*1604
Shared data
Locus chr.6 6p21.31

HLA-DR16(DR16) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1601, *1602 and *1604 gene products. DR16 is found in the Mediterranean at modest frequencies. DR16 is part of the older HLA-DR2 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR15 antigens.

Contents

Alleles

DR16, DR2 and other serotype recognition of some DRB1*16 alleles [1]
DRB1*DR16DR2DR15Sample
allele % % %size (N)
1601412919703
1602473016239
1604>501

Disease associations

DR16 is associated with Chaga's cardiomyopathy, [2] rheumatic heart disease, [3] coronary artery ectasia, [4] and chronic discoid lupus erythematosus. [5]

DRB1*1601 is associated with tuberculosis risk [6]

DRB1*1602: Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, [7] rheumatic heart disease, [3] Takayasu arteritis Archived 2007-08-07 at the Wayback Machine , [8] systemic sclerosis (SSc) & anti-DNA topoisomerase I (anti-topo I) antibody, [9] [10] melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei infection) [11]

Extended linkage

DRB1*1601:DQA1*0102:DQB1*0502 haplotype is associated with tubeculousis risk [6]

Genetic Linkage

DR16 Haplotypes
SerotypesDRADRB1DRB5
DR16(2)-DR51*0101*1601*0101
*0101*1602*0101
*0101*1604*0101
DQA1DQB1DRB1
DR16(2)-DQ5 (5.2, 1)*0102*0502*1601
HLA-AHLA-BDRB1
A2-B51(5)-DR16(2)*0201*5101*1601

HLA-DR16 is genetically linked to HLA-DR51 and HLA-DQ5 serotypes.

Related Research Articles

HLA DR3-DQ2 is double serotype that specifically recognizes cells from individuals who carry a multigene HLA DR, DQ haplotype. Certain HLA DR and DQ genes have known involvement in autoimmune diseases. DR3-DQ2, a multigene haplotype, stands out in prominence because it is a factor in several prominent diseases, namely coeliac disease and juvenile diabetes. In coeliac disease, the DR3-DQ2 haplotype is associated with highest risk for disease in first degree relatives, highest risk is conferred by DQA1*0501:DQB1*0201 homozygotes and semihomozygotes of DQ2, and represents the overwhelming majority of risk. HLA DR3-DQ2 encodes DQ2.5cis isoform of HLA-DQ, this isoform is described frequently as 'the DQ2 isoform', but in actuality there are two major DQ2 isoform. The DQ2.5 isoform, however, is many times more frequently associated with autoimmune disease, and as a result to contribution of DQ2.2 is often ignored.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ2</span>

HLA-DQ2 (DQ2) is a serotype group within HLA-DQ (DQ) serotyping system. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β2 subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ is encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ2 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*02 allele group. This group currently contains two common alleles, DQB1*0201 and DQB1*0202. HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQB1*02 are almost synonymous in meaning. DQ2 β-chains combine with α-chains, encoded by genetically linked HLA-DQA1 alleles, to form the cis-haplotype isoforms. These isoforms, nicknamed DQ2.2 and DQ2.5, are also encoded by the DQA1*0201 and DQA1*0501 genes, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ4</span>

HLA-DQ4 (DQ4) is a serotype subgroup within HLA-DQ(DQ) serotypes. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β4 subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ is encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ4 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*04 allele group. This group currently contains 2 common alleles, DQB1*0401 and DQB1*0402. HLA-DQ4 and HLA-DQB1*04 are almost synonymous in meaning. DQ4 β-chains combine with α-chains, encoded by genetically linked HLA-DQA1 alleles, to form the cis-haplotype isoforms. These isoforms, nicknamed DQ4.3 and DQ4.4, are also encoded by the DQA1*0303 and DQA1*0401 genes, respectively.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ5</span>

HLA-DQ5 (DQ5) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype subgroup within HLA-DQ(DQ) serotypes. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β5.x subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ is encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ5 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*05 allele group. This group currently contains 4 common alleles, DQB1*0501, *0502, *0503, and *0504. HLA-DQ5 and HLA-DQB1*05 are almost synonymous in meaning. DQ5 β-chains combine with α-chains, encoded by genetically linked HLA-DQA1 alleles, to form the cis-haplotype isoforms. These isoforms, are all HLA-DQ1 encoded by the DQA1*01 allele group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ6</span>

HLA-DQ6 (DQ6) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-DQ (DQ) serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of β6 subset of DQ β-chains. The β-chain of DQ isoforms are encoded by HLA-DQB1 locus and DQ6 are encoded by the HLA-DQB1*06 allele group. This group currently contains many common alleles, DQB1*0602 is the most common. HLA-DQ6 and DQB1*06 are almost synonymous in meaning. DQ6 β-chains combine with α-chains, encoded by genetically linked HLA-DQA1 alleles, to form the cis-haplotype isoforms. For DQ6, however, cis-isoform pairing only occurs with DQ1 α-chains. There are many haplotypes of DQ6.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ9</span>

HLA-DQ9 (DQ9) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within the HLA-DQ (DQ) serotype group. DQ9 is a split antigen of the DQ3 broad antigen. DQ9 is determined by the antibody recognition of β9 and this generally detects the gene product of DQB1*0303.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ7</span>

HLA-DQ7 (DQ7) is an HLA-DQ serotype that recognizes the common HLA DQB1*0301 and the less common HLA DQB1*0304 gene products. DQ7 is a form of 'split antigen' of the broad antigen group DQ3 which also contains DQ8 and DQ9.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DQ1</span> Serotype that covers a broad range of HLA-DQ haplotypes.

HLA-DQ1 is a serotype that covers a broad range of HLA-DQ haplotypes. Historically it was identified as a DR-like alpha chain called DC1; later, it was among 3 types DQw1, DQw2 and DQw3. Of these three serotyping specificities only DQw1 recognized DQ alpha chain. The serotype is positive in individuals who bear the DQA1*01 alleles. The most frequently found within this group are: DQA1*0101, *0102, *0103, and *0104. In the illustration on the right, DQ1 serotyping antibodies recognizes the DQ α (magenta), where antibodies to DQA1* gene products bind variable regions close to the peptide binding pocket.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR17</span>

HLA-DR17 (DR17) is an HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*0301 and *0304 gene products. DR17 is found at high frequency in Western Europe. DR17 is part of the broader antigen group HLA-DR3 and is very similar to the group HLA-DR18.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR15</span>

HLA-DR15 (DR15) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1501 to *1505 and *1507 gene products. DR15 is found at high levels from Ireland to Central Asia. DR15 is part of the older HLA-DR2 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR16 antigens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR13</span>

HLA-DR13(DR13) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1301 to *13082, *1310 and some other *13 gene products. DR13 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR6 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR14 antigens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR14</span>

HLA-DR14(DR14) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1401 to *1408, *1410 to *1418, and other *14 gene products. DR14 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR6 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR13 antigens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR11</span>

HLA-DR11 (DR11) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1101 to *1110. DR11 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR5 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR12 antigens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR12</span>

HLA-DR12(DR12) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*1201 to *1203, *1206. DR12 serotype is a split antigen of the older HLA-DR5 serotype group which also contains the similar HLA-DR11 antigens.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR3</span>

HLA-DR3 is composed of the HLA-DR17 and HLA-DR18 split 'antigens' serotypes. DR3 is a component gene-allele of the AH8.1 haplotype in Northern and Western Europeans. Genes between B8 and DR3 on this haplotype are frequently associated with autoimmune disease. Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with HLA-DR3 or HLA-DR4. Nearly half the US population has either DR3 or DR4, yet only a small percentage of these individuals will develop type 1 diabetes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR4</span>

HLA-DR4 (DR4) is an HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*04 gene products. The DR4 serogroup is large and has a number of moderate frequency alleles spread over large regions of the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-DR1</span>

HLA-DR1 (DR1) is a HLA-DR serotype that recognizes the DRB1*01 gene products. It has been observed to be common among centenarians.

In autoimmune disease, anti-apolipoprotein H (AAHA) antibodies, also called anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibodies, comprise a subset of anti-cardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant. These antibodies are involved in sclerosis and are strongly associated with thrombotic forms of lupus. As a result, AAHA are strongly implicated in autoimmune deep vein thrombosis.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">HLA-A33</span>

HLA-A33 (A33) is a human leukocyte antigen serotype within HLA-A serotype group. The serotype is determined by the antibody recognition of α33 subset of HLA-A α-chains. For A33, the alpha "A" chain are encoded by the HLA-A*33 allele group and the β-chain are encoded by B2M locus. A33 and A*33 are almost synonymous in meaning. A33 is a split antigen of the broad antigen serotype A19. A33 is a sister serotype of A29, A30, A31, A32, and A74.

HLA B7-DR15-DQ6 is a multigene haplotype that covers a majority of the human major histocompatibility complex on chromosome 6. A multigene haplotype is set of inherited alleles covering several genes, or gene-alleles, common multigene haplotypes are generally the result of descent by common ancestry. Chromosomal recombination fragments multigene haplotypes as the distance to that ancestor increases in number of generations.

References

  1. ↑ derived from IMGT/HLA
  2. ↑ Cruz-Robles D, Reyes P, Monteón-Padilla V, Ortiz-Muñiz A, Vargas-Alarcón G (2004). "MHC class I and class II genes in Mexican patients with Chagas disease". Hum Immunol. 65 (1): 60–5. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2003.10.008. PMID   14700597.
  3. 1 2 3 Hernández-Pacheco G, Aguilar-García J, Flores-Domínguez C, Rodríguez-Pérez J, Pérez-Hernández N, Alvarez-Leon E, Reyes P, Vargas-Alarcón G (2003). "MHC class II alleles in Mexican patients with rheumatic heart disease". Int J Cardiol. 92 (1): 49–54. doi:10.1016/S0167-5273(03)00040-8. PMID   14602216.
  4. ↑ Akdemir R, Ozhan H, Gunduz H, Erbilen E, Yazici M, Duran S, Orkunoglu F, Albayrak S, Imirzalioglu N, Uyan C (2004). "HLA-DR B1 and DQ B1 polymorphisms in patients with coronary artery ectasia". Acta Cardiol. 59 (5): 499–502. doi:10.2143/AC.59.5.2005222. PMID   15529553. S2CID   25040717.
  5. ↑ López-Tello A, Rodríguez-Carreón AA, Jurado F, et al. (2007). "Association of HLA-DRB1*16 with chronic discoid lupus erythematosus in Mexican mestizo patients". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 32 (4): 435–8. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2007.02391.x. PMID   17376212. S2CID   19569740.
  6. 1 2 Dubaniewicz A, Moszkowska G, Szczerkowska Z (2005). "Frequency of DRB1-DQB1 two-locus haplotypes in tuberculosis: preliminary report". Tuberculosis (Edinb). 85 (4): 259–67. doi:10.1016/j.tube.2004.12.003. PMID   15958261.
  7. ↑ Garavito G, Yunis E, Egea E, Ramirez L, Malagón C, Iglesias A, De La Cruz O, Uribe O, Navarro E, Martinez P, Jaraquemada D (2004). "HLA-DRB1 alleles and HLA-DRB1 shared epitopes are markers for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis subgroups in Colombian mestizos". Hum Immunol. 65 (4): 359–65. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2004.01.016. PMID   15120191.
  8. ↑ Salazar M, Varela A, Ramirez L, Uribe O, Vasquez G, Egea E, Yunis E, Iglesias-Gamarra A (2000). "Association of HLA-DRB1*1602 and DRB1*1001 with in Colombian mestizos as markers of Amerindian ancestry". Int J Cardiol. 75 (Suppl 1): S113–6. doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00181-9. PMID   10980348.
  9. ↑ Kuwana M, Kaburaki J, Arnett F, Howard R, Medsger T, Wright T (1999). "Influence of ethnic background on clinical and serologic features in patients with systemic sclerosis and anti-DNA topoisomerase I antibody". Arthritis Rheum. 42 (3): 465–74. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(199904)42:3<465::AID-ANR11>3.0.CO;2-Y . PMID   10088769.
  10. 1 2 Tan F, Stivers D, Arnett F, Chakraborty R, Howard R, Reveille J (1999). "HLA haplotypes and microsatellite polymorphisms in and around the major histocompatibility complex region in a Native American population with a high prevalence of scleroderma (systemic sclerosis)". Tissue Antigens. 53 (1): 74–80. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0039.1999.530108.x . PMID   10082433.
  11. ↑ Dharakul T, Vejbaesya S, Chaowagul W, Luangtrakool P, Stephens H, Songsivilai S (1998). "HLA-DR and -DQ associations with melioidosis". Hum Immunol. 59 (9): 580–6. doi:10.1016/S0198-8859(98)00052-4. PMID   9757914.
  12. ↑ Wongsurawat T, Nakkuntod J, Charoenwongse P, Snabboon T, Sridama V, Hirankarn N (2006). "The association between HLA class II haplotype with Graves' disease in Thai population". Tissue Antigens. 67 (1): 79–83. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00498.x. PMID   16451208.
  13. ↑ Park M, Park Y, Song E, Park H, Kim T, Park D, Park K, Cho B (2005). "Association of HLA-DR and -DQ genes with Graves disease in Koreans". Hum Immunol. 66 (6): 741–7. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2005.03.001. PMID   15993720.
  14. ↑ Cervantes J, Lema C, Valentina Hurtado L, Andrade R, Hurtado Gomez L, Torrico L, Zegarra L, Quiroga G, Asturizaga D, Dulon A, Prada R, Panoso W, Yashiki S, Fujiyoshi T, Sonoda S (2003). "HLA-DRB1*1602 allele is positively associated with HPV cervical infection in Bolivian Andean women". Hum Immunol. 64 (9): 890–5. doi:10.1016/S0198-8859(03)00163-0. PMID   12941545.
  15. ↑ Arnett F, Howard R, Tan F, Moulds J, Bias W, Durban E, Cameron H, Paxton G, Hodge T, Weathers P, Reveille J (1996). "Increased prevalence of systemic sclerosis in a Native American tribe in Oklahoma. Association with an Amerindian HLA haplotype". Arthritis Rheum. 39 (8): 1362–70. doi:10.1002/art.1780390814. PMID   8702445.
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