The Sierra Maestra is a mountain range that runs westward across the south of the old Oriente Province in southeast Cuba, rising abruptly from the coast. The range falls mainly within the Santiago de Cuba and in Granma Provinces. Some view it as a series of connecting ranges, which join with others to the west. At 1,974 m (6,476 ft), Pico Turquino is the range's – and the country's – highest point. The area is rich in minerals, especially copper, manganese, chromium, and iron.
The Jagua Formation is a Late Jurassic geologic formation in the Sierra de los Órganos and Sierra del Rosario mountain ranges in Pinar del Río Province, western Cuba. Plesiosaur, pliosaur, pterosaur, metriorhynchid, turtle and dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from its strata.
Manuel A. Iturralde-Vinent, is a Cuban geologist and paleontologist and former deputy director of the Cuban National Natural History Museum in Havana. He is a scientific personality in Cuba and the Caribbean and President of the Cuban Geological Society for 2007-2016.
The Arimao Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves mainly ammonite and rudist fossils dating back to the Santonian period.
The Jarao Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. The dark-colored limestone intercalated with volcanic and tuffaceous formation preserves rudist fossils of Vaccinites inaequicostatus and dates back to the Santonian period.
The Piragua Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. The limestone intercalated with tuff formation preserves rudist fossils dating back to the Santonian period.
The Provincial Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves rudist fossils dating back to the Cenomanian period.
The Guasasa Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It is Tithonian to Early Valanginian in age and contains fossils of ammonites.
The San Cayetano Formation is a geologic formation in western Cuba. It preserves fossils of mainly ammonites dating back to the Jurassic period.
The Artemisa Formation is a geologic formation in western Cuba. It preserves mainly ammonite fossils dating back to the Late Oxfordian to Tithonian period. The formation is divided into two members; La Zarza and Sumidero Members. Most of the formation was deposited in deeper marine conditions.
The Canímar Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Late Miocene to Pliocene period. Among others, fossils of megalodon have been found in the formation.
The Güines Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Early to Middle Miocene period. Among others, fossils of the prehistoric dugong, Metaxytherium were found in the formation.
The Imías Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Miocene period.
The Lagunitas Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. The open marine, fluvio-deltaic and lagoonal claystones, limestones and conglomerates preserve fossils dating back to the Early Miocene period. Among others, the fossil primate Paralouatta marianae, the largest primate of the Miocene New World, was found in the formation. Based on microfossils, the age has been determined as Burdigalian.
The Matanzas Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Late Pliocene period.
The Consuelo Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Priabonian period. The formation is correlated with the Chapapote Formation of Mexico and the Jackson Formation of the United States.
The Jabaco Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
The Loma Candela Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
The Saramaguacán Formation is a geologic formation in Cuba. It preserves mainly plant fossils, dating back to the Middle Eocene period.
Cuba 
