| Habenaria sahyadrica | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Genus: | Habenaria |
| Species: | H. sahyadrica |
| Binomial name | |
| Habenaria sahyadrica K.M.P.Kumar, Nirmesh, V.B.Sreek. & Kumar | |
Habenaria sahyadrica is a species of orchid. It is native to the Western Ghats in India. [1] [2]
The Western Ghats is a mountain range that covers an area of 160,000 square kilometres (62,000 sq mi) in a stretch of 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, traversing the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the eight hot-spots of biological diversity in the world. It is sometimes called the Great Escarpment of India. It contains a very large proportion of the country's flora and fauna, many of which are only found in India and nowhere else in the world. According to UNESCO, the Western Ghats are older than the Himalayas. They influence Indian monsoon weather patterns by intercepting the rain-laden monsoon winds that sweep in from the south-west during late summer. The range runs north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, and separates the plateau from a narrow coastal plain, called Konkan, along the Arabian Sea. A total of thirty-nine areas in the Western Ghats, including national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserve forests, were designated as world heritage sites in 2012 – twenty in Kerala, ten in Karnataka, six in Tamil Nadu and four in Maharashtra.
The South Western Ghats montane rain forests are an ecoregion of southern India, covering the southern portion of the Western Ghats range in Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, at elevations over 1000 meters. They are cooler and wetter than the lower-elevation South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests, which surround the montane rain forests.
The Biligirirangana Hills, commonly called BR Hills, is a hill range situated in south-eastern Karnataka, at its border with Tamil Nadu in South India. The area is called Biligiriranganatha Swamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary or simply BRT Wildlife Sanctuary. It is a protected reserve under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. Being at the starting point of the Eastern Ghats and very close to Western Ghats, the sanctuary is home to eco-systems that are unique to both the mountain ranges. The site was declared a tiger reserve in January 2011 by the Karnataka government, a few months after approval from India's National Tiger Conservation Authority.
Anamudi is a mountain located in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and South India, at an elevation of 2,695 metres (8,842 ft) and a topographic prominence of 2,479 metres (8,133 ft). It lies on the border of Devikulam Taluk, Idukki district and Kothamangalam Taluk, Ernakulam district. The name Anamudi literally translates to "elephant's head" a reference to the resemblance of the mountain to an elephant's head. Anamudi Shola National Park (ASNP) was declared as National Park in December 2003 as per Notification No. 12876/F2 2003/F & WLD dated 14.12.2003 of Government of Kerala.
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve is an International Biosphere Reserve in the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills ranges of South India. The Nilgiri Sub-Cluster is a part of the Western Ghats, which was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2012. It is the largest protected forest area in India, spreading across Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala. It includes the Aralam, Mudumalai, Mukurthi, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Silent Valley national parks, as well as the Wayanad, Karimpuzha, and Sathyamangalam wildlife sanctuaries.
Agumbe is a settlement situated in the Thirthahalli taluka of Shimoga district, Karnataka, India. It is nestled in the thickly forested Malenadu region of the Western Ghats mountain range. Owing to its high rainfall, it has received the epithet of "The Cherrapunji of South India", after Cherrapunji, one of the rainiest places in India.
The Anaimalai or Anamala Hills, also known as the Elephant Mountains, are the range of mountains that form the southern portion of the Western Ghats and span the border of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in Southern India. The name anamala is derived from the Tamil/Malayalam word aanai or aana, meaning elephant, and malai or mala, meaning hill – thus Elephant Hill.
Periyar National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary (PNP) is a protected area located in the districts of Idukki and Pathanamthitta in Kerala, India. It is notable as an elephant reserve and a tiger reserve. The protected area encompasses 925 km2 (357 sq mi) of which 305 km2 (118 sq mi) of the core zone was declared as the Periyar National Park in 1982. The park is a repository of rare, endemic and endangered flora and fauna and forms the major watershed of two important rivers of Kerala, the Periyar and the Pamba.
Sakleshpur, Sakleshpura or Sakleshapura(ಸಕಲೇಶಪುರ) is a hill station town and headquarters of Sakleshpur taluk in Hassan district in the Indian state of Karnataka.
The Nilgiri marten is the only marten species native to southern India. It lives in the hills of the Nilgiris and parts of the Western Ghats. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
Chinnar Wildlife Sanctuary is located 18 km north of Marayoor on State Highway 17 in the Marayoor and Kanthalloor panchayats of Devikulam taluk in the Idukki district of Kerala state in South India. It is one of 18 wildlife sanctuaries among the protected areas of Kerala.
The Kas Plateau Reserved Forest, also known as the Kaas Pathar, is a plateau situated 25 kilometres west from Satara city in Maharashtra, India. It falls under the Sahyadri Sub Cluster of the Western Ghats, and it became a part of a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site in 2012.
Habenaria roxburghii, commonly known as Roxburgh's habenaria, malle leena gadda and as chekku dumpa in Telegu, is a species of orchid found in southern India. It is a tuberous terrestrial herb, 250–350 mm (10–10 in) tall. There are two or three more or less round leaves, about 70 mm (3 in) long and 50 mm (2 in) wide lying flat on the ground. The flowers pure white are arranged in long, dense cluster up to 80 mm (3 in) long. The sepals are broad egg-shaped, about 8 mm (0.3 in) long and the labellum has three lobes. The middle lobe is 8 mm (0.3 in) long and the side lobes are small. The species is usually found in shady places in the undergrowth of forests and is found in the Eastern Ghats.
Rhabdops aquaticus is a nonvenomous aquatic snake species found in northern Western Ghats, India. It has an off-white belly and black spots on its olive brown skin; juveniles are olive green, with yellow undersides.
Symplocos nicolsonii is a species of evergreen tree in the family Symplocaceae. It is endemic to Western Ghats in India.
Zingiber sabuanum is a species of the ginger family that is endemic to Western Ghats in India.
Anochetus daedalus is a species of trap-jaw ant in the subfamily Ponerinae. It can be found from Western Ghats in India.
Melanophidium khairei or Khaire's black shieldtail is a species of burrowing snake of the family Uropeltidae, endemic to India.
Meotipa sahyadri is a spider species of the genus Meotipa that is mainly indigenous to the Western Ghats in India.
Riccia sahyadrica is a species of liverwort described from the Western Ghats of Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Sanctuary of Kerala. Its name is derived from the Malayalam word Sahyadri for the Western Ghats. It is characterized by the photosynthetic region confined to the lower half of the thallus. In Riccia members, the photosynthetic region is on the upper half of the thallus. Only one other species, R. caroliniana from northern Australia, is known with this feature.