| Hakea ilicifolia | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Hakea |
| Species: | H. ilicifolia |
| Binomial name | |
| Hakea ilicifolia | |
Hakea ilicifolia is an open shrub or tree in the family Proteacea and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a small, dense shrub with stiff, lobed leaves and clusters of yellow or creamy-white flowers.
Hakea ilicifolia is an open multi-stemmed shrub or tree typically growing to a height of 1 to 3 metres (3.3 to 9.8 ft). The flowers are in a branching corymb with the foliage thickest at the apex. The branchlets are covered with rusty to woolly white soft, matted hairs. The leaves are stiff, flat, elliptic, 1.5–5 cm (0.59–1.97 in) long, 5–20 mm (0.20–0.79 in) wide, tapering or wedge-shaped at the apex and coarsely toothed. The inflorescence consists of about 16 sweetly scented flowers borne in the leaf axils on outer branchlets, each flower 3–3.5 mm (0.12–0.14 in) long, yellow or cream on a pedicel 3.5–6.5 mm (0.14–0.26 in) long. Flowering occurs from August to October and the fruit is oval shaped, 2–2.2 cm (0.79–0.87 in) long, 1.5–1.6 cm (0.59–0.63 in) wide, warty with two curving horns 3.5–4.5 mm (0.14–0.18 in) long. [3] [4] [5]
Hakea ilicifolia was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown and the description was published in Transactions of the Linnean Society of London . [6] [7] It was named from the genus Ilex - holly and the Latin folium - leaf, referring to the holly-shaped leaves. [4]
Holly-leaved hakea is endemic to a few isolated areas in the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. It has a scattered distribution between Denmark in the south and west, Dumbleyung in the north and Esperance in the east where it is found on breakaway slopes and near creeks growing in sandy, loamy or clay soils over sandstone or laterite and a part of heathland or low Eucalypt woodland communities. [3]
Hakea ilicifolia is listed as "Critically Endangered" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The population is suspected to be declining and severely fragmented. Historically, extensive population decline would have taken place through land clearing for agricultural purposes. Current threats to this species include disturbance of roadside verges reducing population size, weed invasion, altered fire regimes associated with climate change, droughts and browsing of resprouted shoots followed by fires by rabbits. [1]
Hakea cygna, commonly known as the swan hakea, is usually a dense shrub endemic to Western Australia with creamy-white upright flowers appearing from July to August.
Hakea trifurcata, commonly known as two-leaf, two-leaved hakea, or kerosene bush, is a shrub, endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The species has two leaf forms, needle-like or oblong egg-shaped. Unlike most hakea species the fruit remain green at maturity and resemble the broader leaf form. The mimicry creates a camouflage, reducing predation of the seed by granivores in particular cockatoos.
Hakea rugosa, commonly known as wrinkled hakea or dwarf hakea, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae native to Australia. It has sharp needle-shaped leaves and white or cream fragrant flowers in profusion from August to October.
Hakea undulata, commonly known as wavy-leaved hakea, is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has stiff wavy leaves and fragrant cream-white flowers from mid-winter to October.
Lomatia ilicifolia, commonly known as holly lomatia or native holly, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a stiff, erect shrub with hairy, rust-coloured new growth and which recovers from fire from a lignotuber. It has dull green, leathery, prickly, holly-like leaves and long sprays of cream flowers, usually after fire.
Grevillea ilicifolia, commonly known as holly grevillea or holly bush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to southern continental Australia. It is a spreading to prostrate shrub with holly-like leaves with sharply-pointed triangular to egg-shaped teeth or lobes, and clusters of green to cream-coloured and mauve flowers with a pink to red style.
Hakea brownii commonly known fan-leaf hakea is a shrub in the family Proteaceae native to an area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. This species shares a common name with Hakea baxteri due to its distinctive leaves.
Hakea ceratophylla, commonly known as the horned leaf hakea, is a shrub in the family) Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a stiff shrub with variably-shaped leaves that are sometimes lobed and flowers with white or rusty-coloured hairs.
Hakea cinerea, commonly known as ashy or grey hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae native to areas along the south coast in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia. It is a showy ornamental species bearing creamy-white flowers aging to orange with contrasting ash coloured grey-green leaves.
Hakea elliptica, commonly known as the oval-leaf hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteacea and is endemic to Western Australia. A fast growing adaptable species with ornamental wavy leaves, golden bronze new growth and an abundance of showy white flowers. A good wildlife habitat due to its dense form with foliage to ground level.
Hakea erecta is a shrub in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a dense rounded shrub with linear twisted leaves and up to 24 pink or white fragrant flowers appearing in leaf axils in spring.
Hakea varia, commonly known as the variable-leaved hakea, is a shrub of the family Proteacea and endemic to Wheatbelt, South West, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. It is a dense prickly shrub with creamy-white or yellow flowers and variably shaped leaves.
Hakea tuberculata is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to several isolated areas along the coast in the Peel, South West, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. It is an upright shrub with white flowers and rigid, prickly leaves.
Hakea marginata is a shrub in the family, Proteaceae and is endemic to an area in the Mid West, Wheatbelt, Peel, South West, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Hakea nitida, commonly called the frog hakea or shining hakea, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae and is endemic to an area in the southern Wheatbelt, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Hakea obliqua, commonly known as needles and corks, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to an area in the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Hakea smilacifolia is a shrub in the family Proteacea. It has sweetly scented flowers, stiff leathery leaves and is endemic to an area in the Mid West, western Wheatbelt and the Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia.
Hakea strumosa is a shrub in the family Proteacea endemic to an area in the Wheatbelt, Great Southern and the Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia. A dense, very prickly shrub with a profusion of small, deep pink or red flowers in spring.
Hakea sulcata, commonly known as furrowed hakea, is a flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Western Australia. It is a prickly shrub with grooved, cylindrical leaves, sweetly-scented flowers and relatively small fruit.
Hakea leucoptera subsp. sericipes is a small tree with cylinder-shaped leaves and clusters of up to forty-five white fragrant flowers. It is found in northwestern New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia.
