Harpagophoridae

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Harpagophoridae
Phyllogonostreptus Blr2.jpg
Phyllogonostreptus spp.
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Diplopoda
Order: Spirostreptida
Family: Harpagophoridae
Attems, 1909
Subfamilies

Harpagophoridae is a family of round-backed millipedes of the order Spirostreptida. The family includes 269 species belonging to 55 genera, [1] distributed in Africa, Southeast Asia, and the East Indies, as well as a few Indian Oceanic islands. Two subfamilies are recognized. [2]

Genera

There are about 55 genera (and 269 species):

Related Research Articles

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Millipedes are a group of arthropods that are characterised by having two pairs of jointed legs on most body segments; they are known scientifically as the class Diplopoda, the name derived from this feature. Each double-legged segment is a result of two single segments fused together. Most millipedes have very elongated cylindrical or flattened bodies with more than 20 segments, while pill millipedes are shorter and can roll into a tight ball. Although the name "millipede" derives from Latin for "thousand feet", no species was known to have 1,000 or more until the discovery in 2020 of Eumillipes persephone, which can have over 1,300 legs. There are approximately 12,000 named species classified into 16 orders and around 140 families, making Diplopoda the largest class of myriapods, an arthropod group which also includes centipedes and other multi-legged creatures.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chilognatha</span> Subclass of millipedes

Chilognatha is a subclass of the class Diplopoda, which includes the vast majority of extant millipedes, about 12,000 species.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pill millipede</span> Order of millipedes

Pill millipedes are any members of two living orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or "roly-polies". However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related ; rather, this is a case of convergent evolution.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chyromyidae</span> Family of flies

Chyromyidae are small to very small cyclorrhaphous, acalyptrate flies (Diptera) currently classified within the Heleomyzoidea by most authors. The majority have a pale yellow integument and bright iridescent green, red or purple eyes. The family is represented in all continents except Antarctica. There are about 150 named species in this family worldwide. There has been no comprehensive taxonomic study to elucidate the generic limits of species in the family. Currently, only four genera are recognised, but ongoing studies of the African species indicate that there are more.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pterolonchidae</span> Family of moths

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The wildlife of Namibia is composed of its flora and fauna. Namibia's endangered species include the wild dog, black rhino, oribi and puku.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spirostreptida</span> Order of millipedes

Spirostreptida is an order of long, cylindrical millipedes. There are approximately 1000 described species, making Spirostreptida the third largest order of millipedes after Polydesmida and Chordeumatida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Athericidae</span> Family of flies

Athericidae is a small family of flies known as water snipe flies or ibis flies. They used to be placed in the family Rhagionidae, but were removed by Stuckenberg in 1973. They are now known to be more closely related to Tabanidae. Species of Athericidae are found worldwide.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sphaerotheriida</span> Order of millipedes

Sphaerotheriida is an order of millipedes in the infraclass Pentazonia, sometimes known as giant pill millipedes. They inhabit Southern Africa, Madagascar, South and Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Like the Northern Hemisphere pill millipedes of the order Glomerida, these millipedes can roll into a ball when disturbed. When they are rolled-up, most sphaerotheriidans reach a maximum size of a cherry or golf ball, but some species from Madagascar can even reach the size of an orange. When rolled-up, predators are unable to unravel giant pill millipedes since the margins of their second and last dorsal plates fit perfectly into one another, creating a sealed ball. A few giant pill millipede species are able to produce sound, the only millipedes known to do this. This order of millipedes is also unique in that some African species are used for medicinal purposes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peripatopsidae</span> Family of invertebrate animals

Peripatopsidae is one of the two living velvet worm families.

<i>Phyllogonostreptus nigrolabiatus</i> Species of millipede

Phyllogonostreptus nigrolabiatus is a common species of millipede found in India, and Sri Lanka.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richard L. Hoffman</span> American entomologist

Richard Lawrence Hoffman was an American zoologist known as an international expert on millipedes, and a leading authority on the natural history of Virginia and the Appalachian Mountains. He was a biology professor at Virginia's Radford College for almost thirty years, and curator of invertebrates at the Virginia Museum of Natural History for another twenty years. He co-founded the Virginia Natural History Society, described over 400 species of millipedes, and produced more than 480 scientific publications. He is commemorated in the scientific and/or common names of over 30 animal species, including the valley and ridge salamander and Hoffman's dwarf centipede.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juliformia</span> Suborder of millipedes

Juliformia is a taxonomic superorder of millipedes containing three living orders: Julida, Spirobolida, and Spirostreptida, and the extinct group Xyloiuloidea known only from fossils.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ammodesmidae</span> Family of millipedes

Ammodesmidae is a family of small millipedes endemic to Africa, containing seven species in two genera. Ammodesmids range from 1.4 to 5.0 mm long with 18 or 19 body segments in both sexes, and are capable of rolling into a tight sphere.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pachybolidae</span> Family of millipedes

Pachybolidae, is a family of Round-backed millipedes of the order Spirobolida. The family includes 49 different genera. Two subfamilies recognized.

Glyphiulus, is a genus of millipedes belonging to the order Spirostreptida, family Cambalopsidae. It is the largest Southeast Asian millipede genus comprise about 47 to 57 species ranging from southern China, northern Laos, and northern Thailand in the north to southern Vietnam in the south. The type species shows a pantropical distribution. The number of species always changes due to continuous discoveries of new species.

<i>Thyropygus</i> Genus of millipedes

Thyropygus is a genus of millipedes in the family Harpagophoridae, widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia. It is the most-species rich genus of Harpagophoridae in Southeast Asia. Over 30 species occur in Thailand.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Iulomorphidae</span> Family of millipedes

Iulomorphidae is a family of millipedes in the order Spirostreptida. There are about 11 genera and more than 60 described species in Iulomorphidae.

Peterjohnsiidae is a small family of millipedes belonging to the order Chordeumatida. The family was first described in 1987 by Jean-Paul Mauriès. These millipedes range from 3 mm to 8 mm in length and are found in Australia. Species in this family exhibit sexual dimorphism in segment number: adult males have 30 segments, but adult females have 32 segments. In adult males in this family, the gonopod complex involves three leg pairs rather than just the two usually modified into gonopods in this order.

References

  1. "Family Harpagophoridae". GBIF. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
  2. "Revision of the Harpagophoridae (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida) of southern Africa, including descriptions of five new species" (PDF). African Invertebrates. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
  3. "The distribution of southern African Harpagophoridae Attems, 1909 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida)" (PDF). African Invertebrates. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  4. "A New Th yropygine Milliped from Sabah (Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae)" (PDF). International Journal of Myriapodology. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
  5. Redman, Guy T.; Hamer, Michelle L.; Slotow, Robert H.; Barraclough, David A. (2010). "Description of Two New Species of Zinophora Chamberlin, 1927 (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida: Harpagophoridae), with Discussion of Species Groups in the Genus". African Invertebrates. KwaZulu-Natal Museum. 51 (2): 385–396. doi: 10.5733/afin.051.0207 .