Hedycarya angustifolia | |
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Female flowers | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Magnoliids |
Order: | Laurales |
Family: | Monimiaceae |
Genus: | Hedycarya |
Species: | H. angustifolia |
Binomial name | |
Hedycarya angustifolia | |
Hedycarya angustifolia, commonly known as native mulberry, Australian mulberry, [2] or djelwuck [3] is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae , and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic or egg-shaped to lance-shaped leaves and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers are borne in branched clusters of 5 to 16 and have 8 tepals and about 50 stamens and female flowers have about 12 tepals and 40 to 50 carpels. The fruit is a more or less spherical, tightly clustered yellow or orange drupes.
Hedycarya angustifolia is a shrub or small tree that typically grows to a height of 2–10 m (6 ft 7 in – 32 ft 10 in). Its leaves are elliptic or egg-shaped to lance-shaped, 40–160 mm (1.6–6.3 in) long and 15–60 mm (0.59–2.36 in) wide on a petiole 15–40 mm (0.59–1.57 in) long. The leaves are coarsely toothed and the midvein is prominent on both surfaces. Male and female flowers are borne on separate plants. Male flowers are borne in clusters of 5 to 16, 15–20 mm (0.59–0.79 in) long, each flower more or less flattened cup-shaped, about 6 mm (0.24 in) in diameter on a pedicel 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) long with 8 tepals and about 50 stamens. Female flowers are borne in groups of 2 to 4, more or less cup-shaped, each flower on a pedicel 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) long with 12 small tepals and mostly about 6 mm (0.24 in) in diameter on a pedicel 8–10 mm (0.31–0.39 in) long, with 40–50 carpels. Flowering occurs from May to November, and the fruit is a spherical drupe in tight clusters that turns yellow or orange, about 3.5 mm (0.14 in) in diameter. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Hedycarya angustifolia was first formally described in 1838 by Allan Cunningham in the Annals of Natural History from specimens collected "in ravines in the Blue Mountains" in 1834 by his brother Richard. [6] [7] The specific epithet (angustifolia) means "narrow-leaved". [8]
Native mulberry grows in and near the margins of rainforest, often in moist mountain gullies, and is widespread from south-east Queensland, through eastern New South Wales and eastern and southern Victoria to King Island in Tasmania. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Hedycarya angustifolia is listed as "rare", under the Tasmanian Government Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 . [5]
Indigenous Australians used the wood for spear tips and to make bow drills. [9]
Tasmannia stipitata, commonly known as northern pepperbush is a flowering plant in the family Winteraceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. It has narrowly lance-shaped to narrowly elliptic leaves and male and female flowers on separate plants, the male flowers with 21 to 65 stamens and the female flowers with 2 to 9 carpels. The fruit is bluish-violet and contains 12 to 15 seeds.
Tasmannia xerophila, commonly known as alpine pepperbush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Winteraceae and is endemic to south-eastern continental Australia. It is a bushy shrub to small tree with lance-shaped leaves, the narrower end towards the base. Male and female flowers are borne on separate plants, the male flowers with 9 to 30 stamens and the female flowers with up to 8 carpels. The fruit is glossy black and contains 2 to 7 seeds.
Hedycarya is a genus of about 16 species of flowering plants in the family Monimiaceae native to eastern Australia, New Zealand, and some Pacific Islands. Plants in the genus Hedycarya are shrubs, or small to medium trees with sometimes toothed leaves. The male and female flowers cup-shaped and are borne on separate plants. Male flowers usually have 8 tepals and many stamens and female flowers are have 6 to 12 tepals with many carpels. The fruit is a cluster of drupes.
Wilkiea hugeliana, commonly known as veiny wilkiea, common wilkiea or tetra beech, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a tall shrub or small tree with egg-shaped, oblong to narrowly elliptic leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers have 3 or 4 stamens and female flowers have 20 to 40 carpels, and the fruit is a blackish oval drupe with a yellow to orange receptacle.
Wilkiea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Monimiaceae, and is native to Australia and New Guinea. Plants in this genus are monoecious or sometimes dioecious trees and shrubs, the leaves with many fine oil dots, male and female flowers in cymes or panicles, and oval black drupes.
Palmeria scandens, commonly known as anchor vine or pomegranate vine, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae and is native to Queensland, New South Wales and New Guinea. It is a woody vine with elliptic to oblong leaves and male and female flowers borne on separate plants, male flowers usually with thirty to forty stamens and female flowers with about ten carpels. The fruit is green, splitting to form a pinkish receptacle with 3 to 7 black or red drupes.
Pendressia wardellii is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is the sole species in the genus Pendressia. It is a tall shrub to small tree endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It has egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, male flowers and female flowers on separate plants, male flowers with 10 to 15 stamens and female flowers with 8 to 10 carpels, and red drupes.
Palmeria hypotephra is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae and is endemic to Queensland. It is a woody climber with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, male and female flowers on separate plants with 4 or 5 tepals, male flowers with 30 to 35 stamens, female flowers with 10 to 12 carpels, and spherical, dark brown to black drupes.
Wilkiea angustifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to Queensland. It is a dioecious shrub with elliptic leaves, male and female flowers on separate plants, male flowers with 4 stamens, female flowers with 8 to 20 carpels, and the fruit a purple to black drupe.
Palmeria foremanii, commonly known as anchor vine, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae and is endemic to an area near the New South Wales - Queensland border. It is a tall, woody climber or scrambling shrub with usually elliptic leaves, male and female flowers on separate plants with 5 tepals, male flowers with 40 to 43 stamens, female flowers with 7 to 12 carpels, and spherical, shiny black drupes.
Wilkiea austroqueenslandica, commonly known as smooth wilkiea or furry-flowered wilkiea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to eastern Australia. It is a spreading shrub or small tree with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, male and female flowers on separate plants, male flowers with about 30 stamens, female flowers with about 35 carpels, and the fruit is a glossy, olive-black drupe with an orange fruiting receptacle.
Wilkiea cordata is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north-east Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with oblong leaves, male and female flowers on separate plants, male flowers with stamens in 2 pairs, female flowers with about 25 carpels, and the fruit is an oval drupe with a yellow receptacle with an orange tinge.
Wilkiea hugeliana is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to Cape York Peninsula in far northern Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic, sometimes toothed leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers usually have 4 pairs of stamens and female flowers have about 40 carpels, and the fruit is a glossy black drupe with enlarged orange receptacles.
Wilkiea kaarruana is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to northern Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic to oblong leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants, each with 4 to 6 tepals. Male flowers usually have 2 pairs of stamens and female flowers have about 21 to 26 carpels.
Wilkiea longipes is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to northern Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic to egg-shaped leaves with the narrower end towards the base, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers usually have 3 or 4 pairs of stamens and female flowers have about 9 to 13 carpels.
Wilkiea macrophylla, commonly known as large-leaved wilkiea, is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north-eastern Australia. It is a glabrous shrub or small tree with narrowly to broadly elliptic leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers have 2 pairs of tepals and usually 2 pairs of stamens, and female flowers have 6 or 7 pairs of tepals and 13 to 20 carpels. The fruit is a glossy purplish to olive black drupe.
Wilkiea pubescens is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north Queensland. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic leaves and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers have 6 tepals and 2 or 3 pairs of stamens and female flowers have 2 pairs of tepals and 15 to 30 carpels. The fruit is a purplish-black drupe.
Wilkiea rigidifolia is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is native to north Queensland and New Guinea. It is a shrub or small tree with elliptic to broadly elliptic or oblong leaves and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers are borne in clusters of 20 to 30 and have 4 pairs of tepals and 2 or 3 pairs of stamens and female flowers have 2 pairs of tepals and 40 to 50 carpels. The fruit is a glossy black drupe.
Wilkiea smithii is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It is a shrub or small, slender tree with elliptic or oblong leaves and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers are borne in clusters of about 5 and have 8 tepals and 2 pairs of stamens and female flowers have 20 to 40 carpels. The fruit is a glaucous, purplish to black drupe.
Hedycarya loxocarya, commonly known as yellow beech is a species of flowering plant in the family Monimiaceae, and is endemic to north-eastern Queensland. It is a small to medium tree with egg-shaped to elliptic leaves, and male and female flowers on separate plants. Male flowers are borne in clusters of 5 to 9 and have 8 tepals and more than 60 stamens and female flowers have 6 tepals and about 30 carpels. The fruit is a bright red, oval drupe.