The Cerrado is a vast ecoregion of tropical savanna in eastern Brazil, being present in the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Maranhão, Piauí, Bahia, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná and the Federal District. The core areas of the Cerrado biome are the Brazilian highlands – the Planalto. The main habitat types of the Cerrado consist of forest savanna, wooded savanna, park savanna and gramineous-woody savanna. The Cerrado also includes savanna wetlands and gallery forests.
Oligoryzomys flavescens, also known as the flavescent colilargo or yellow pygmy rice rat is a species of rodent in the genus Oligoryzomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in southern South America, occurring in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina. Its karyotype has 2n = 64-66 and FNa = 66–70.
Oligoryzomys fulvescens, also known as the fulvous colilargo, fulvous pygmy rice rat, or northern pygmy rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oligoryzomys of family Cricetidae. It is found from southern Mexico through Central America into South America, where it occurs south into Peru and Brazil, and includes numerous synonyms, including the type species of the genus, Oryzomys navus Bangs, 1899. The taxonomy of this species is unresolved, and it may be found to contain more than one species. Its karyotype has 2n = 54-60 and FNa = 68–74.
Oligoryzomys stramineus, also known as the straw-colored colilargo or straw-colored pygmy rice rat, is a species of rodent in the genus Oligoryzomys of the family Cricetidae. It occurs only in the cerrado and caatinga ecoregions of northeastern Brazil. Its karyotype has 2n = 52 and FNa = 68-70.
Hemiancistrus is a genus of suckermouth armored catfishes. These species are native to South America. The taxonomy of this genus is complex and unclear, and major work has to be done. Many of these fish are popular aquarium fish.
Peckoltia sabaji is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Rupununi, the Essequibo River, and the Takutu River in Guyana, as well as the basins of the Casiquiare canal, the Rio Negro, the Cinaruco River, and the Orinoco in Venezuela. It is usually found among boulders in medium to large rivers. The species reaches 19.8 cm SL and is of disputed classification.
Hemiancistrus chlorostictus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Uruguay River basin, including the Passo Fundo River, in Brazil. The species reaches 14.7 cm SL.
Hemiancistrus fuliginosus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Uruguay River basin. The species reaches 16.2 cm SL.
Hemiancistrus furtivus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Esmeraldas River basin in Ecuador. The species reaches 9.98 cm SL and was described in 2017 by Francisco Provenzano and Ramiro Barriga of the Central University of Venezuela, who report its placement in the genus Hemiancistrus to be tentative and suggest that it may belong to the tribe Hypostomini rather than Ancistrini, where it is currently placed. As of May 2022, FishBase does not list this species.
Hemiancistrus landoni is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Guayas River basin in Ecuador. The species reaches 25 cm in total length.
Hemiancistrus medians is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Maroni basin. This species is usually found in rapids with a strong current and a substrate of large, shelter-providing rocks. It is known to coexist with the species Bryconops caudomaculatus, Chasmocranus longior, Harttia surinamensis, Hypostomus gymnorhynchus, Jupiaba meunieri, Leporinus granti, and Parodon guyanensis.
Hemiancistrus megalopteryx is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Tubarão River basin in the state of Santa Catarina in Brazil. The species reaches 28.6 cm SL.
Hemiancistrus meizospilos is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is sometimes known as the southern orange-spotted pleco. The type locality of H. meizospilos is given as the Chapecó River in the vicinity of Coronel Freitas in the Brazilian state of Santa Catarina.
Hemiancistrus punctulatus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Lagoa dos Patos basin in Brazil. The species reaches 19 cm SL.
Hemiancistrus votouro is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it was collected from a stream in the Uruguay River basin in Brazil. The stream that the species is known from is reported to be 2 to 5 m in width, with a substrate composed of rock and sand, moderate marginal vegetation, and rapids separated by pools. The species reaches 14.1 cm SL. Its specific epithet reportedly honors the Votouro Indian Reserve in Benjamin Constant do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
'Pseudancistrus' megacephalus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is of uncertain and disputed classification.
Hypostomus annectens is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Cayapas River basin in Ecuador and the Patía River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 28 cm in total length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. It is listed by ITIS as a member of Hemiancistrus as opposed to Hypostomus, which it is classified under according to FishBase.
Hypostomus aspidolepis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae that is of disputed taxonomic identity. It is a freshwater fish native to Central America, where it occurs in the Gatún River basin in the Caribbean coastal drainage of Panama. The species reaches 40 cm in standard length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. Although originally described as a member of Chaetostomus by Albert Günther in 1867, it has subsequently been classified within Hypostomus, the now-invalid genus Plecostomus, and Hemiancistrus. A 2015 review conducted by Jonathan W. Armbruster, David C. Werneke, and Milton Tan recognized the species within Hypostomus, although sources such as FishBase, WoRMS and ITIS still consider it a member of Hemiancistrus.
Hypostomus holostictus is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the San Juan River basin in Colombia. The species reaches 18 cm in total length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. It was originally described in 1913 by Charles Tate Regan as a species of Hemiancistrus, and it is still sometimes referred to by the name Hemiancistrus holostictus.
Hypostomus maracaiboensis is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Lake Maracaibo basin in Venezuela. The species feeds on algae and detritus, reaches 28.5 cm in total length, and is believed to be a facultative air-breather. The species was originally described by Leonard Peter Schultz in 1944 as a member of Hemiancistrus, and some sources continue to refer to it as such. In 2015, a taxonomic review conducted by Jonathan W. Armbruster, David C. Werneke, and Milton Tan reclassified it and recognized it as a member of Hypostomus.
