Holocola parthenia

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Holocola parthenia
Holocola parthenia 164524584.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Tortricidae
Genus: Holocola
Species:
H. parthenia
Binomial name
Holocola parthenia
(Meyrick, 1888) [1]
Synonyms [2]
  • Strepsicrates partheniaMeyrick, 1888
  • Spilonota parthenia(Meyrick, 1888)
  • Stictea parthenia(Meyrick, 1888)

Holocola parthenia is a species of moth in the family Tortricidae. [3] It is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in the North, South and the Chatham Islands. Larvae feed on Leucopogon fasciculatus. This moth is one of the earliest to emerge in the New Zealand spring with adults being observed from August to December. Adults are attracted to light.

Contents

Taxonomy

This species was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1888 and named Strepsicrates parthenia. [4] [2] He used two specimens collected in December in the Waitākere Ranges beaten from a small leaved shrub in Kauri forest. [4] George Hudson discussed this species both in his 1928 book The butterflies and moths of New Zealand as well as in the 1939 book A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand, under the name Spilonota parthenia. [5] [6] In 2010 the Inventory of New Zealand Biodiversity listed this species under the name Holocola parthenia. [1] The male lectotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London. [2]

Description

Illustration of H. parthenia by Hudson. Fig 26 MA I437626 TePapa Plate-XXVII-The-butterflies full (cropped).jpg
Illustration of H. parthenia by Hudson.

Meyrick described this species as follows:

Female. — 13 mm. Head, palpi, antennae, and thorax whitish. Abdomen grey-whitish. Legs dark fuscous, ringed with whitish, posterior pair whitish. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex round-pointed, hindmargin sinuate, rather strongly oblique ; light brownish-ochreous, tinged with grey towards inner margin ; a broad white streak along costa from base to apex, extremities pointed, margined beneath by a blackish streak from before middle to apex ; about eight fine short dark fuscous strigulae on posterior half of costa ; an erect leaden-metallic streak from anal angle, and another from middle of hindmargin, both touching margin of costal streak : cilia pale brownish-ochreous, with a blackish apical spot. Hindwings grey-whitish ; cilia whitish. [4]

The black markings on the adults of this species is variable both in colour intensity and the extent of the markings. [5]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand. [1] As well as its type locality of the Waitākere Ranges in the Auckland Region, it has also been observed in Whangārei, Wellington and in Southland. [4] [7] [6]

Behaviour

The adults of this species have been observed on the wing from August to December. [7] It is one of the earliest moths to emerge in the New Zealand spring and as such is often overlooked or under collected by entomologists. [5] Adults of this species are attracted to light. [8]

Habitat and host species

Leucopogon fasciculatus, the larval host species. Leucopogon fasciculatus (G.Forst.) A.Rich. (AM AK304518-1).jpg
Leucopogon fasciculatus, the larval host species.

This species inhabits native scrub or bush locations. [9] The larval host of H. parthenia is Leucopogon fasciculatus . [9]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia: chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 464. ISBN   978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC   973607714. OL   25288394M. Wikidata   Q45922947.
  2. 1 2 3 John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. 14. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research: 116. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN   0111-5383. Wikidata   Q45083134.
  3. ↑ "Holocola parthenia (Meyrick, 1888)". www.nzor.org.nz. Retrieved 2022-05-07.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Edward Meyrick (1888), Notes on New Zealand Tortricina, vol. 20, pp. 73–74, Wikidata   Q110463426 PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  5. 1 2 3 George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, pp. 245–246, LCCN   88133764, OCLC   25449322, Wikidata   Q58593286 PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  6. 1 2 George Vernon Hudson (1939), A supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington: Ferguson and Osborn Limited, p. 436, OCLC   9742724, Wikidata   Q109420935 PD-icon.svg This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain .
  7. 1 2 George Vernon Hudson (1950), Fragments of New Zealand entomology. - a popular account of all New Zealand cicadas. The natural history of the New Zealand glow-worm. A second supplement to the butterflies and moths of New Zealand and notes on many other native insects., Wellington, p. 105, Wikidata   Q107693053 {{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  8. ↑ Peter G. McGregor; P. J. Watts; M. J. Esson (January 1987). "Light trap records from southern North Island hill country". New Zealand Entomologist. 10 (1): 104–121. doi:10.1080/00779962.1987.9722515. ISSN   0077-9962. Wikidata   Q57483702.
  9. 1 2 J. G. Charles; J. S. Dugdale (February 2011). "Non-target species selection for host-range testing of Mastrus ridens". New Zealand Entomologist. 34 (1): 45–51. doi:10.1080/00779962.2011.9722208. ISSN   0077-9962. Wikidata   Q54666011.
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