Hurricane Adrian (1999)

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Map key
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
Disc Plain black.svg Tropical cyclone
Solid black.svg Subtropical cyclone
ArrowUp.svg Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

In mid-June, a broad cyclonic area of cloudiness persisted to the south of the Gulf of Tehuantepec. A low-level circulation and banding features became more prominent on June 16, and further development was aided by the presence of a tropical wave that first departed the western coastline of Africa on June 5. As extremely deep convection festered within a band west of the disturbance's center, it is estimated the first tropical depression of the season formed around 06:00 UTC on June 18, located about 260 mi (420 km) southeast of Acapulco, Mexico. The newly-formed cyclone tracked west-northwest parallel to the coastline, steered by a strong area of high pressure to its north and east. [1]

Moderate easterly wind shear that had been affecting the developing system began to relax almost immediately after formation, [2] allowing upper-level outflow to expand in most directions and the depression to intensify into Tropical Storm Adrian. [1] [3] A small central dense overcast materialized early on June 19, followed shortly thereafter by hints of an eye-like feature. [4] Thus, in accordance with increasing satellite intensity estimates, Adrian was upgraded to the season's first hurricane by 00:00 UTC on June 20 while located about 485 mi (780 km) south-southeast of the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula. [1] The storm further organized to attain its peak as a Category 2 hurricane with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h) as the aforementioned eye-like feature became readily apparent in satellite imagery. [5]

Following peak intensity, Adrian's cloud pattern became less symmetric, its eye became obscured, and its convection warmed as southeasterly wind shear increased and the storm passed over ocean temperatures near 77 °F (25 °C). [6] The storm slowed as it passed near Socorro Island, all the while the continued unfavorable regime weakened Adrian and stripped it of its all convection. The system was reduced to an exposed swirl of clouds over the open East Pacific by late on June 22. [1] [7]

Preparations and impact

Rainfall from Hurricane Adrian in Mexico Adrian 1999 rainfall.png
Rainfall from Hurricane Adrian in Mexico

In preparation for the cyclone, the port of Acapulco was closed to all vessels. [8] The government of Michoacán organized shelters to house up to 5,000 people, while surrounding states were placed on alert. [9]

Two highway bridges and a railway bridge were damaged by flooding near the Guatemala border. [8] Passing very near Socorro Island on June 21, Adrian produced peak winds of 45 mph (72 km/h) there, [1] potentially damaging weather monitoring equipment. [10] Along the southern coastline of Chiapas, four people were swept away and drowned by a large wave, while farther inland in northwestern Durango, two men died and a five-year-old girl went missing after attempting to cross a river in a pick-up truck. Along the central coastline of Michoacán, a powerful hailstorm demolished many homes and left around 2,000 people homeless. [11] A 1.2 mi (2 km) stretch of coastal road was ruined in the city of Tecomán. [12] The outer bands of the hurricane produced heavy rainfall peaking at 15.75 in (400 mm) in the municipality of Coyutla; [13] minor flooding was reported across Coahuila and Colima. [1]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Miles B. Lawrence (July 17, 1999). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Adrian (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. pp. 1, 3. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  2. James L. Franklin (June 18, 1999). Tropical Depression One-E Discussion Number 2 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  3. James L. Franklin; Richard J. Pasch (June 18, 1999). Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Number 3 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  4. Miles B. Lawrence (June 19, 1999). Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Number 6 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  5. Miles B. Lawrence (June 20, 1999). Hurricane Adrian Discussion Number 11 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  6. John L. Guiney (June 20, 1999). Hurricane Adrian Discussion Number 12 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  7. John L. Beven II; Miles B. Lawrence (June 21, 1999). Tropical Storm Adrian Discussion Number 15 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  8. 1 2 "First tropical storm of year in eastern Pacific". The Associated Press. June 18, 1999.  via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  9. "Hurricane Adrian sparks alert on Mexico's Pacific coast". Agence France Presse. June 20, 1999.  via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  10. "Season's first Pacific hurricane weakens, heads out to sea". The Associated Press. June 21, 1999.  via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  11. "Adrian batters Mexico's Pacific coast". The Globe and Mail. June 21, 1999.  via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  12. "Hurricane spins off Mexican coast". Reuters. June 22, 1999.  via Lexis Nexis (subscription required)
  13. Hurricane Adrian - June 16-23, 1999 (Report). Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
Hurricane Adrian
Hurricane Adrian Jun 20 1999 1745Z.jpg
Hurricane Adrian at peak intensity on June 20