The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae, native to the Central American Rainforests. The general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active their blood makes them visible; when sleeping most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, feeding on small insects and only coming out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do. However, climate change and habitat fragmentation has been threatening the survival rates of the family.
The Andes giant glass frog is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia and the Mérida Andes and Serranía del Perijá of Venezuela.
Nymphargus bejaranoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Bolivian Andes in the Cochabamba, Chuquisaca, La Paz, and Santa Cruz departments. The specific name bejaranoi honors Gastón Bejarano, a Bolivian zoologist and Director of Forestry and National Parks, Ministry of Agriculture. Common name Bolivian Cochran frog has been coined for this species.
Vitreorana castroviejoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Cerro el Humo in the Paria Peninsula, Sucre state, northern Venezuela. It is locally known as ranita de cristal de Castroviejo. The specific name castroviejoi honors Javier Castroviejo Bolívar, a Spanish zoologist.
Vitreorana antisthenesi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to northern Venezuela and is known from the Venezuelan Coastal Range. Common name Aragua glass frog has been coined for it.
Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum, also known as the Atrato Glass Frog and Sun Glassfrog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in northern Ecuador, Pacific lowlands and western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental in Colombia, and eastern Panama. It occurs from near sea level to 1,560 m (5,120 ft) asl.
Hyalinobatrachium chirripoi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in extreme northern Ecuador, northwestern Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica, as well as in Honduras. The specific name chirripoi refers to the Chirripó Indians inhabiting the area of the type locality, Suretka in the Talamanca canton of Costa Rica. The common name Suretka glass frog has been coined for it.
Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum, also called the bare-hearted glass frog, plantation glass frog and the cricket glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae that is found in moist forests, often near streams, in countries in Central America and South America. They are small, green frogs with many similarities to other glass frogs, however, they have the most transparent undersides of any glass frogs. Their transparent undersides make them ideal bio-indicators for how global warming and other threats are affecting the animals in the forests.
Hyalinobatrachium duranti is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the Cordillera de Mérida, Venezuela. In Spanish it is known as ranita de cristal de Durant. Its natural habitats are montane cloud forests where it occurs along cascading mountain streams. Its status is insufficiently known.
Hyalinobatrachium fragile is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the Venezuelan Coastal Range. In Spanish it is known as ranita de cristal fragil.
Hyalinobatrachium guairarepanense is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Venezuela, where it is found in locations in the Coastal Range at elevations between 720 and 1,000 m above sea level.
Vitreorana helenae is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. Two common names are sometimes used to refer to this species: Venezuelan glass frog and Helena's glass frog. In Spanish, it is locally known as ranita de cristal de Helena.
Hyalinobatrachium iaspidiense is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae from South America. Its specific name refers Quebrada de Jaspe, its type locality.
Hyalinobatrachium ibama is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Cordillera Oriental, Santander Department, Colombia, and in Barinas, Venezuela.
Hyalinobatrachium pallidum is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Venezuela. It is known from its type locality, Guacharaquita between La Grita and Páramo de La Negra in the Táchira state, and from a number of sites in the Sierra de Perijá, Zulia state. Its altitudinal range is 1,132–1,832 m (3,714–6,010 ft) asl. There is also an unconfirmed record from San Isidro in the Barinas state.
Hyalinobatrachium pellucidum, also known as the Rio Azuela glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in lower montane rainforests on the Amazonian Andean slopes in Ecuador and Peru. The specific name pellucidum is Latin for "transparent" and refers to the transparent parietal peritoneum of this species.
Hyalinobatrachium talamancae is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to the Limón Province, Costa Rica. Its common name is Talamanca glass frog. Its natural habitats are premontane wet forests. It is a regularly seen frog in suitable habitat.
Hyalinobatrachium taylori is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. Its common name is Taylor's glass frog, and in Spanish, ranita de cristal de Taylor. It may represent at least two distinct species.
Hyalinobatrachium valerioi, sometimes known as the La Palma glass frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in central Costa Rica and south to Panama and the Pacific lowlands and slopes of western Colombia and Ecuador; also in the Magdalena River Valley of Colombia.
Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in scattered localities in Costa Rica and west-central Panama. It has, however, been suggested that most populations actually represent Hyalinobatrachium talamancae, with Hyalinobatrachium vireovittatum restricted to its type locality in the San Isidro de El General district.
