Hymedesmia barnesi

Hymedesmia barnesi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Poecilosclerida
Family:	Hymedesmiidae
Genus:	Hymedesmia
Species:	H. barnesi
Binomial name
	Hymedesmia barnesi; Goodwin, Brewin & Brickle, 2012

Last updated April 11, 2019

Hymedesmia barnesi is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.^[1]

In biology, a species ( ) is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. Other ways of defining species include their karyotype, DNA sequence, morphology, behaviour or ecological niche. In addition, paleontologists use the concept of the chronospecies since fossil reproduction cannot be examined. While these definitions may seem adequate, when looked at more closely they represent problematic species concepts. For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation, in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies, and in a ring species. Also, among organisms that reproduce only asexually, the concept of a reproductive species breaks down, and each clone is potentially a microspecies.

Demospongiae is the most diverse class in the phylum Porifera. They include 76.2% of all species of sponges with nearly 8,800 species worldwide. They are sponges with a soft body that covers a hard, often massive skeleton made of calcium carbonate, either aragonite or calcite. They are predominantly leuconoid in structure. Their "skeletons" are made of spicules consisting of fibers of the protein spongin, the mineral silica, or both. Where spicules of silica are present, they have a different shape from those in the otherwise similar glass sponges.

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (SGSSI) is a British Overseas Territory in the southern Atlantic Ocean. It is a remote and inhospitable collection of islands, consisting of South Georgia and a chain of smaller islands known as the South Sandwich Islands. South Georgia is 165 km (103 mi) long and 35 km (22 mi) wide and is by far the largest island in the territory. The South Sandwich Islands lie about 700 km (430 mi) southeast of South Georgia. The territory's total land area is 3,903 km² (1,507 sq mi). The Falkland Islands are about 1,300 km (810 mi) north-west from its nearest point.

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Clathria rosita is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Clathria stromnessa is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Lissodendoryx collinsi is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Hymedesmia pharos is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Myxilla ponceti is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Tedania aurantiaca is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Tedania wellsae is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Mycale brownorum is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Mycale cartwrighti is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Haliclona (Soestella) crowtheri is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

Calyx shackletoni is a species of demosponge first found on the coast of South Georgia island, in the south west Southern Ocean.

References

↑ Goodwin, Claire, Paul E. Brewin, and Paul Brickle. "Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species." Zootaxa 3542 (2012): 1-48.

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[1] Goodwin, Claire, Paul E. Brewin, and Paul Brickle. "Sponge biodiversity of South Georgia island with descriptions of fifteen new species." Zootaxa 3542 (2012): 1-48.