| Hypogymnia vittata | |
|---|---|
 | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Hypogymnia |
| Species: | H. vittata |
| Binomial name | |
| Hypogymnia vittata (Ach.) Parrique | |
Hypogymnia vittata is a species of fungus belonging to the family Parmeliaceae. [1]
It has cosmopolitan distribution. [1]
The greater grison is a species of mustelid native to Southern Mexico, Central America, and South America.
A terricolous lichen is a lichen that grows on the soil as a substrate. An example is some members of the genus Peltigera.
Pteris vittata, the Chinese brake, Chinese ladder brake, or simply ladder brake, is a fern species in the Pteridoideae subfamily of the Pteridaceae. It is indigenous to Asia, southern Europe, tropical Africa, and Australia. The type specimen was collected in China by Pehr Osbeck.
Hypogymnia is a genus of foliose lichens in the family Parmeliaceae. They are commonly known as tube lichens, bone lichens, or pillow lichens. Most species lack rhizines that are otherwise common in members of the Parmeliaceae, and have swollen lobes that are usually hollow. Other common characteristics are relatively small spores and the presence of physodic acid and related lichen products. The lichens usually grow on the bark and wood of coniferous trees.
Friedrich August Georg Bitter was a German botanist and lichenologist.
Hypogymnia occidentalis, commonly known as the lattice tube lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in North America, where it grows on the lower trunks of conifers, particularly Douglas-fir.
Hypogymnia hultenii is a species of foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It was first described as Cavernularia hultenii by Swedish lichenologist Gunnar Degelius in 1937. Hildur Krog transferred it to the genus Hypogymnia in 1951.
Hypogymnia pseudopruinosa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae, and one of more than 40 species of the genus Hypogymnia that is found in China. It was formally described by Xinli Wei and Jiangchen Wei in 2006. The type was collected from dead branches of Juniperus sabina, in Degen County (Yunnan), at an altitude of 4,100 metres (13,500 ft). It is quite similar in appearance to Hypogymnia macrospora, but that species lacks the dense layer of pruina that is characteristic of H. pseudopruinosa.
Hypogymnia pseudocyphellata is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found only in the Chinese Himalayas, it was described as a new species by Bruce McCune and Erin Martin in 2003. The type specimen was collected from the Tian Chi alpine lake in Shangri-La City (Yunnan), at an elevation of 3,750 metres (12,300 ft). Here it was found growing on the bark and wood of fir. The lichen is characterized by the presence of whitish pseudocyphellae on the tips of the lobes ; rimmed holes; lobes that are narrow and separated; and a complex secondary chemistry with several unknown chemical compounds as well as barbatic acid, but without diffractaic acid.
Hypogymnia diffractaica is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Initially reported from Southwest China, it was described as a new species by Bruce McCune in 2003. The type specimen was collected in Jiulong County, at an elevation of 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). Here it was found growing on the bark and wood of Rhododendron; it has also been recorded on birch. It is characterized by its slender lobes, the rimmed holes on the lower surface, and the presence of the chemical diffractaic acid as the main secondary metabolite in the medulla. It has a lower surface that is expanded and puffed out. Hypogymnia hengduanensis, the only other Hypogymnia species containing diffractaic acid as the main medullary substance, is quite similar in appearance, but can be distinguished from H. diffractaica by the presence of isidia. It also tends to grow at slightly lower elevations. In 2018, H. diffractaica was recorded from Bhutan.
Hypogymnia congesta is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in China, it was formally described as a new species in 2003. The lichen grows on the bark and wood of conifers and bamboo. Hypogymnia congesta has a brown to brownish-grey foliose thallus measuring up to 8 cm (3.1 in) long or broad, with a cartilage-like texture. The lichen is chemically distinct, containing physodic acid and virensic acid; the latter substance is otherwise unknown from genus Hypogymnia.
Hypogymnia physodes, commonly known as the monk's-hood lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is a common and widespread species in boreal and temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. It has a grey to yellowish-green thallus that is loosely attached to its substrate and forms large irregular patches. Hollow lobes are 2–3mm wide. The outer edge turns up and is frequently covered with white powdery soredia underneath. Its lower surface is black, wrinkled and has some browning toward the lobe margins. The pycnidia are black and abundant, and their presence creates a pepper-like effect across the upper surface. Because of its abundance and its moderate sensitivity to sulphur dioxide and heavy metals, Hypogymnia physodes is often used in bioindicator and biomonitoring studies that enable the assessment of air pollution and other environmental conditions.
Hypogymnia tubulosa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer formally described it in 1840 as a variety of Parmelia ceratophylla. Johan Johnsen Havaas promoted it to distinct species status in 1918.
Hypogymnia krogiae, commonly known as the freckled tube lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in North America, it was described as a new species in 1973 by Karl Ohlsson. The type specimen was collected near Cheat Bridge, West Virginia by Mason Hale in 1956.
Hypogymnia flavida is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in mountainous locations of east Asia, where it grows on the bark and wood of woody plants. It has a relatively large yellowish thallus.
Hypogymnia wilfiana is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in western North America, where it grows on conifer trees.
Hypogymnia irregularis is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) and lignicolous (wood-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Asia, it was formally described as a new species in 2011 by lichenologist Bruce McCune. The type specimen was collected by the author from Jiaoxi Mountain at an altitude of 3,700 m (12,100 ft), where it was found growing on the bark of Abies. It has since been recorded growing on the wood and bark of both conifers and hardwood trees. In addition to southwest China, where it is most common, it has also been collected from India, Nepal, Tibet, and Taiwan. The species epithet alludes to the irregular positioning of perforations on the lower surface of the thallus.
Hypogymnia nitida is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It has a glossy dark brown upper surface and a strongly wrinkled, convoluted lower surface. Found in China, it was described as a new species in 2014.
Hypogymnia saxicola is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Yunnan and Sichuan provinces of China, it forms delicate cushions on mossy rocks in subalpine regions. It is characterised by its slender, glossy brown lobes and unique chemistry.
Hypogymnia tenuispora is a rare species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in China's Yunnan province, it is characterised by its uniquely narrow ascospores and crowded lobes, which help distinguish it from other similar Hypogymnia species.
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