| Hypotrachyna vainioi | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Lecanorales |
| Family: | Parmeliaceae |
| Genus: | Hypotrachyna |
| Species: | H. vainioi |
| Binomial name | |
| Hypotrachyna vainioi | |
Hypotrachyna vainioi is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in Brazil.
The lichen was described as a new species in 2009 by Harrie Sipman, John Elix, and Thomas Nash in their 2009 monograph on the genus Hypotrachyna . The type was collected by Sipman in September 1997. The specific epithet honours Finnish lichenologist Edvard Vainio, "the first experienced lichenologist to do lichenological fieldwork in the tropics, in southeastern Brazil". [1]
Hypotrachyna vainioi has a corticolous thallus measuring 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) wide. The individual lobes comprising the thallus are flat to somewhat convex with entire margins, and measure 0.4–1.2 cm (0.16–0.47 in) wide. The upper surface of the thallus is pale grey with a smooth to shallowly wrinkled texture. The thallus completely lacks soredia, isidia, pustules, dactyls (finger-like protrusions), and lobules. The medulla is white, while the lower surface is black to dark brown near the margins. The apothecia are 2–10 mm wide with a dark brown disc. Ascospores of H. vainioi are ellipsoid and measure 10–12 by 5–8 μm. [2]
Major secondary metabolites produced by the lichen are lichexanthone in the upper cortex, and echinocarpic acid in the medulla. Minor compounds include barbatic acid (minor), conechinocarpic acid (minor), subechinocarpic acid (minor), 4-O-demethylbarbatic acid (minor/trace), obtusatic acid (trace), and norobtusatic acid (trace). [1]
It is only known from the type locality in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The type was collected in the Serra do Caraça , near the Caraça monastery , at an elevation of 1,300 m (4,300 ft). [2] Hypotrachyna vainioi grows as an epiphyte in open scrubland. [1]
Canoparmelia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Parmeliaceae. The widespread genus contains about 35 species. Canoparmelia, a segregate of the parmelioid lichen genus Pseudoparmelia, was circumscribed by John Elix and Mason Hale in 1986.
Canoparmelia cassa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. This species is characteristic by the occurrence of isidia together with fatty acids. It is similar externally to Canoparmelia amazonica. Its epithet cassa is derived from the Latin cassus, meaning "devoid", due to this species' lack of medullar reactive substances.
Parmotrema aurantiacoparvum is a species of corticolous lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in South America, it was described as new to science in 1992 by lichenologist Harrie Sipman. Its thallus is pale grey or slightly brownish in colour, measuring 2–4 cm (0.8–1.6 in) wide. The lichen has been collected in Colombia, Guyana, French Guiana, Venezuela, and Brazil. It grows on canopy branches and on small trees in well-lit areas of forests or clearings.
Bulbothrix meizospora is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in Africa, Asia, and South America, where it grows on tree bark.
Hypotrachyna ahtiana is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is known only from the type locality in Venezuela, where it was collected in the Guyana Shield at an elevation of 1,950 m (6,400 ft). It is named to honour Finnish lichenologist Teuvo Ahti.
Hypotrachyna alectorialiorum is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is known only from the type locality in Minas Gerais, Brazil, where it was found growing on soil over rock, at an elevation of 1,200 m (3,900 ft). The specific epithet refers to the presence of the secondary chemicals alectorialic acid and hypoalectorialic acid.
Punctelia transtasmanica is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in Australasia.
Punctelia nashii is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is known only from California.
Punctelia nebulata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 1988 by lichenologists John A. Elix and Jen Johnston. The type was collected in New South Wales, on a roadside north of Gilgandra. The lichen grows on Callitris trees in semi-arid, inland regions of southern Australia.
Punctelia crispa is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Marcello Marcelli, Patrícia Jungbluth, and John Alan Elix. The holotype specimen was collected in the Botujuru quarter of Campo Limpo Paulista municipality in São Paulo State. There it was found in a transition zone between a mesophyllous forest and a cerrado forest, growing on a tree trunk. It has a greyish thallus loosely attached to its substrate, measuring up to 10 cm (4 in) in diameter. Soredia on the thallus surface have a coarse texture, and are dense so that it gives areas near the thallus centre a "crispate" appearance, a feature for which the species is named. The medulla is white, while the lower surface of the thallus is pale brown, becoming darker near the centre. The lichen contains atranorin as a minor substance, gyrophoric acid as a major substance, and trace amounts of lecanoric acid.
Punctelia imbricata is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Marcello Marcelli, Patrícia Jungbluth, and John Alan Elix. The holotype was collected in the Paulista municipality of São Paulo State. There it was found growing on the trunk of a mango tree, which was in a shaded and humid location in an orchard. The lichen has a greenish-grey thallus measuring 15–20 cm (6–8 in) wide, with a smooth upper surface that becomes a bit wrinkled in age; the lower surface is black. Punctelia imbricata contains trace amounts of atranorin and lecanoric acid, minor amounts of orcinyl lecanorate, and gyrophoric acid as the major secondary metabolite in the medulla. The specific epithet imbricata refers to the "imbricate" lobules.
Punctelia roseola is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was described as a new species in 2009 by lichenologists Patrícia Jungbluth, Marcello Marcelli, and John Alan Elix. The specific epithet refers to the pale rose colour of the medulla. The holotype was collected from Jurumirim municipality in São Paulo State, close to the Tietê River. There it was found growing on an isolated tree in a dry pasture, without direct sunlight. It has a grey thallus measuring 10–20 cm (4–8 in) wide; the lower thallus surface is pale, becoming darker near the centre. The lichen contains atranorin, lecanoric acid, and several butlerins as minor compounds, butlerlin D as a somewhat major compound, and gyrophoric acid as the major secondary metabolite in the medulla.
Punctelia reddenda is a widely distributed species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It occurs in Africa, Europe, North America, and South America, where it grows on bark and on rock.
Punctelia cedrosensis is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is endemic to Mexico, where it grows on the bark of conifers.
Pseudoparmelia kalbiana is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in South America.
Parmelia protosignifera is a species of foliose lichen in the large family Parmeliaceae. Found in Australasia, it was described as a new species in 1988 by lichenologists John Elix and Jen Johnston. The type specimen was collected on sheltered granite ledges in Eucalyptus woodland on the eastern slopes on Tinderry Peak in New South Wales. It has also been collected in Victoria, as well as South Island and Stewart Island of New Zealand.
Myelochroa salazinica is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in China, it was described as a new species in 2001 by Sheng-Lan Wang, Jian-Bin Chen, and John Alan Elix.
Psiloparmelia salazinica is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in South America.
Remototrachyna sipmaniana is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is only known to occur in Bolivia, where it grows on boulders in Yungas mountain cloud forests.
Xanthoparmelia perezdepazii is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is found in the Canary Islands.