The western terminus of SR56 is near Hazleton at U.S. Route 41. SR56 heads northeast to Hazleton. After Hazleton SR56 turns southeast then back northeast, until State Road 65 (SR65). Where SR56 heads east towards Petersburg, in Petersburg SR56 is Concurrent with State Road 57 (SR57), until the intersection with State Road 61 (SR61). SR56 leaves Petersburg concurrent with SR61 heading south, until SR56 turns east. South of Otwell SR56 has an intersection with State Road 257. SR56 enters Jasper on the west side and then has an intersection with U.S. Route 231, the two routes are concurrent until they leave Jasper on the north side of town. North of Jasper SR56 turns east towards Paoli passing through French Lick. East of Paoli SR56 heads towards Salem passing through an intersection with State Road 337 before passing by the entrance to Salem Speedway. SR56 and State Road 60 have a concurrency from the west side of Salem to downtown Salem. SR56 leaves Salem heading northeast, then turning east near the southern terminus of State Road 39 (SR39). After SR39, SR56 passing over Interstate 65 (I-65). Then SR56 enters Scottsburg where SR56 has an intersection with U.S. Route 31. After leaving Scottsburg, SR56 has a concurrency with State Road 203 and State Road 3. Then SR56 heads toward Hanover where SR56 and State Road 62 (SR62) has a concurrency. East of Hanover SR62 turns north and SR56 heads east. East of the intersection with SR62, SR56 has an intersection with State Road 256 (SR256). Then SR56 enters Madison where SR56 has an intersection with the southern terminus of State Road 7 and a concurrency with U.S. Route 421. East of Madison SR56 parallels the Ohio River. Then in Vevay SR56 has an intersection with the southern terminus of State Road 129 and the western terminus of State Road 156 (SR156). After Vevay SR56 heads north-northeast toward Aurora passing through intersection with State Road 250, SR156, and State Road 262, passing through the town of Rising Sun. The northern terminus SR56 is at an intersection with U.S. Route 50 and State Road 350.[3]
History
In the western part of Indiana SR56 originally followed the same routing at current State Road 64 takes. In 1930 the east terminus of SR56 was Lawrenceburg at U.S. Route 52, this route is now part of State Road 1.[4]
East of US 231 in northeastern Dubois County, SR 56 approximates part of the course of the Buffalo Trace (road), a migration route for buffalo that provided a major avenue for travel by Native Americans and Europeans in what is now Southern Indiana.[5][6]
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US 41 at Hazleton 
US 50 / SR 350 at Aurora 
