Iris kuschakewiczii

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Iris kuschakewiczii
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Scorpiris
Section: Iris sect. Scorpiris
Species:
I. kuschakewiczii
Binomial name
Iris kuschakewiczii
Synonyms [1]
  • Juno kuschakewiczii(B.Fedtsch.) Poljakov

Iris kuschakewiczii is a species in the genus Iris , subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial from the hills of Kazakhstan. It has dark green glaucous leaves, a short thick stem and purple spring flowers.

Contents

Description

Iris kuschakewiczii has a 1.5 cm (in diameter) bulb, [2] with a paper tunic-coating. It has thickened storage roots, close to the base. [3] [4]

It has 4-5 dark green glaucous leaves which gradually taper to the apex, [2] [4] (falcate), [3] They are clustered together at the base, [3] and are 1-1.5 cm wide (close to the base). [3] [5] [4] They also have a contrasting white edge or margin. [3] [5]

It grows up to a height of between 10–15 cm (4–6 in), including the flower. [6] [7] [5] It has a thick stem, which is between 3–5 cm long, hidden by the leaves, unbranched with 1-4 flowers. [3] [8] [4] The blooms appear in April–May. [3] [2]

The non-scented flowers appear above a perianth tube of 3.5-4.5 cm long. [3] [2] [4] The flowers come in various shades of purple, from greenish purple, [4] pale violet, [6] [5] violet-blue, [8] to lilac blue. [3] The (3.5–4 cm long), [3] falls have very dark violet blotches and lines on either side of a prominent white crest, [6] [8] [5] or white signal patch. [3] The blades are oblong-obvate shaped (about 1.2 x 0.7 cm). [3] [2] The standards are 1 – 1.5 cm long (often 3 lobed shaped). [3] [2] [4] The flowers measure approx. 6.5–8 cm in diameter. [5]

The bracts and bracteole are green with membranous tips and margins. [3]

The fruits appear in late spring-early summer. [4]

Taxonomy

It was originally published as Iris kuschakewiczi by Boris Fedtschenko in 'Bull. Jard. Bot. Petersb.' v. 158 (Bulletin of St. Petersburg Botanical Garden) in 1905. [9]

In 1958, Petr Petrovich Poljakov re-published it as Juno kuschakewiczii in Fl. Kazakhst. 2: 249. [10]

In 1939, it was suggested this was a form of Iris narynensis, but when Mathew published "The Iris" in 1981, he retained it as a separate species. [6]

Iris kuschakewiczii is now an accepted name by the RHS. [11]

It was named after a Russian botanist 'A. A. Kuschakewicz' who worked with N. J. Korolkov in 1872, [12] and Boris Fedtschenko in 1873. [13] A. A. Kuschakewicz collected many plants in Turkestan and Central Asia. [14]

It is mentioned in D.J. Mabberley portable plant books of 1997. [15] [16]

Native

In 1905, Iris kuschakewiczii was found in Turkestan, [6] on the northern foothills of the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia. [3] [7] [5]

It can be found on gravelly and rocky slopes, on the red-clay hills of Kazakhstan (on the north-western spurs of the Tien Shan). [2] [4]

It is also found in the Ala Archa National Park (25 km from the capital of Bishkek) of Kyrgyzstan. [17]

Cultivation

It is fairly easy to grow in cultivation, within an alpine house or bulb frame, [3] it does not need much moisture in summer. [7] It can be grown outside in a sheltered, sunny raised bed with well drained soils. [5] [8]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Iris hoogiana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris hoogiana is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the grassy mountainsides of Turkestan. It has long green leaves, which are slightly purple at the base, and a long slender flowering stem. The flowers are blue, ranging from sky-blue to lavender blue and blue purple. It has orange or yellow beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris korolkowii</i> Species of plant

Iris korolkowii is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Tien Shan, Pamir and Altai, in Afghanistan and Turkestan. It is commonly known as the Redvein Iris. It has long, sword-shaped grey-green leaves, slender stem, and 2 to 3 white, cream, pale green or light purple flowers which are veined with maroon, chocolate brown or dark purple. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris lineata is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris, and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Turkestan, between Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It has tall slender stems, long leaves and greenish yellow flowers covered, with brown violet, or brown purple veining over the top. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris glaucescens</i> Species of plant

Iris glaucescens is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, found in Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. It has blue-grey sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem, and spring flowers in blue-violet, pale violet, lilac-purple, to deep purple, to light bluish, and almost white shades. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was merged with another similar iris in the region, and became a synonym of Iris scariosa, before being divided into two separate species again. Although some sources still call it a synonym of Iris scariosa.

<i>Iris junonia</i> Species of plant

Iris junonia is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Cilicia, within the Taurus Mountains. It has glaucous short leaves, tall stems with several branches, numerous flowers in various colours from blue-purple, lavender, pale blue, cream, white and yellow, with brown veining and white tipped orange beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. Its status is still unclear, if it is a synonym of Iris germanica or a separate species.

<i>Iris marsica</i> Species of plant

Iris marsica is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Apennine Mountains, in Italy. It has glaucous, sickle-shaped or curved, light green leaves, slender stem with 2 branches, and 3 violet, light blue violet, dark violet, and dark purple flowers. It was only found and described since 1973, and is not yet in general cultivation. It was once thought to be a form of Iris germanica, but has different morphological characteristics and different chromosomal differences.

Iris schachtii is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from central Anatolia, in Turkey. It has small, thin grey-green leaves, a short stem with 1–3 branches, which are normally, covered with a green leaf with purple staining. It has 2 or more fragrant flowers in late spring, which come in shades of yellow or purple, or violet and yellow,. It has a yellow or white with yellow-tips beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, but prefers regions with dry, hot summers.

Iris timofejewii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, and also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountain slopes of the Caucasus and Dagestan. It has narrow, evergreen, falcate (sickle-shaped), grey-green (glaucous) leaves, and a short flowering stem just taller than the leaves. Each stem has 1–2 flowers in shades of violet, with white beards that have purple tips. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris barnumiae</i> Species of plant

Iris barnumiae is a species in the genus Iris; it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Iraq, and Turkey. It has pale glaucous green and narrow leaves, that are slightly sickle-shaped and fade soon after blooming. It has, in mid- to late spring, fragrant flowers in shades of purple, from red-purple, mulberry to purplish-violet, with a yellow tipped with purple beard. It was renamed as I. barnumiae in after a plant naming conference in 2011, but is still sometimes named as I. barnumae in some sources. It has one accepted subspecies Iris barnumiae subsp. demawendica and two forms; Iris barnumiae f. protonyma (Stapf) B.Mathew & Wendelbo and Iris barnumiae f. urmiensis (Hoog) B.Mathew & Wendelbo, which has yellow flowers. Sometimes I. barnumiae f. barnumiae is used to describe the basic form. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, due to its needing very dry and warm summer conditions.

<i>Iris mariae</i> Species of plant

Iris mariae is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the deserts of Israel and Egypt. It is fairly tall, with long and slender glaucous leaves, and in late spring, lilac-purple to pinkish or violet flowers with deeper veining and blackish-violet signal and dark purple beard.

<i>Iris paradoxa</i> Species of plant

Iris paradoxa is a species of flowering plant native to western Asia. It has large upright petals and smaller lower petals, which is unique amongst most iris forms. They come in various shades from white, lavender, mauve, medium purple, violet, dark purple to black. It has a black or purplish black beard on the lower petals. It comes from the region of Transcaucasia, and is found in the countries of Iran,, Turkey, Armenia and in Azerbaijan.

References

  1. "Iris kuschakewiczii B.Fedtsch". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Komarov, V.L. (1935). "Akademiya Nauk SSSR (FLORA of the U.S.S.R.) Vol. IV" . Retrieved 9 October 2014.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 British Iris Society (1997) A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 246, at Google Books
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Juno". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Iris kuschakewiczii". encyclopaedia.alpinegardensociety.net. 2011. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 "(SPEC) Iris kuschakewiczii B. Fedtsch". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). 6 March 2010. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 "Juno irises J-R". pacificbulbsociety.org. 11 May 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  8. 1 2 3 4 "Iris kuschakewiczii". rareplants.co.uk. Archived from the original on 11 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  9. "Iridaceae Iris kuschakewiczii B.Fedtsch". ipni.org (In ). 23 March 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  10. "Juno kuschakewiczii (B.Fedtsch.) Poljakov". theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  11. "Iris kuschakewiczii". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  12. "Korolkov, N. J. & Kuschakewicz". kiki.huh.harvard.edu. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  13. Eduard Regel Descriptiones in regionibus Turkestanicis a Cl. Viris Fedschenko, Korolkow, Kuschakewicz et Krause collectis: Cum adnotationibus ad plantas vivas in Horto Imperiali Botanico Petropolitano cultas at Google Books
  14. "Gentiana humilis Steven". science.mnhn.fr. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  15. D. J. Mabberley The Plant-book: A Portable Dictionary of the Vascular Plants (2nd Edit) , p. 363, at Google Books
  16. D. J. Mabberley The Plant-book: A Portable Dictionary of Plants, their cultivation and uses , p. 405, at Google Books
  17. Hayes, Patrick. "Kyrgyzstan" (PDF). kewguild.org.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 11 October 2014.

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