Iris pseudonotha

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Iris pseudonotha
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Iridaceae
Genus: Iris
Subgenus: Iris subg. Limniris
Section: Iris sect. Limniris
Series: Iris ser. Spuriae
Species:
I. pseudonotha
Binomial name
Iris pseudonotha
Synonyms [1]
  • Chamaeiris pseudonotha(Galushko) M.B.Crespo
  • Xyridion pseudonothum(Galushko) Rodion.

Iris pseudonotha is a species in the genus Iris , it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in the series Spuriae . It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from the Caucasus region, with lilac and yellow flowers. It is commonly known as Lozhnonenastoyaschy Iris in Russia. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Contents

Description

It has thick, branching, dark brown rhizomes, that are 1.5–2 cm in diameter. [2] This branching habit creates dense clumps of plants. [3] [4] [5]

It has greyish green, linear, smooth, sword-shaped, leaves. [6] They can grow up to 25–50 cm (10–20 in) long and 6-13mm wide. [2] [6]

It has erect, slightly inclined, unbranched stems, that can grow up to 50–76 cm (20–30 in) tall. [2] [4] [7]

The stems have lanceolate spathes (leaves of the flower bud), that are 5.5–8 cm (2–3 in) long. [2]

The stems hold between 3–5 terminal (top of stem) flowers, between June and July. [3] [4] [6] The fragrant flowers, [3] [4] [5] can be up 6–8 cm (2–3 in) in diameter, [6] and are very varied in colour. Varying between dark purple, [5] pale purple, [4] [3] [5] light lilac, [7] pale blue and off-white. [2]

It has 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals, known as the 'standards'. [8] The narrow falls have an elliptical blade, measuring 20–25 mm long and 12–16 mm wide. With a bright yellow or orange central signal. [2] [7]

The erect standards are lanceolate with yellow claws (section of petal close to the stem). [2]

It has style branch which have a yellow carinate (ridge). [2]

It has a 7-10mm long perianth tube, yellow anthers and winged ovary. [2]

After the iris has flowered, it produces an oblong-cylindrical, seed capsule, between August and September. [3] [2] [5] It has 6 pairs of converging, winged edges. [3] [2] [5] Inside the capsule, are light brown semi-circular seeds. [3] [5]

Taxonomy

It is written in Russian Cyrillic script as Ирис ложноненастоящий. [9]

It is known as Lozhnonenastoyaschy Iris in Russia. [5] [10] [11]

It is sometimes known as Iris psevdonota. [3] [5]

The Latin specific epithet pseudonotha refers to a 'false Iris notha', (from Greek ψευδής, pseudes, "lying, false") and notha from Iris notha (another Spuria iris).

It was published and described by A.I. Galushko in 'Fl. Severn. Kavkaza i Voprosy ee istorii' Vol.9 in 1983. [12] [13]

It was also published in 'Flora of the North Caucasus and questions of its history.' Vol. 4. Stavropol pages 6–16 in 1983. [14]

Iris pseudonotha is an accepted name by the RHS, [15] and as of February 2015, it has not yet been verified by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Although, it was verified by The Plant List on 9 June 2014. [11]

Distribution and habitat

It is found in Caucasia. [7] [15] [6]

Range

It is found in the Russian areas of the Caucasus. [12] [13] It is within the eastern regions of Dagestan and Stavropol. [4] [5]

It has been found growing alongside the Kuma River. [2] [3] [5]

Habitat

It grows in damp meadows and salt marshes [6] at altitudes of between 30 – 40 m above sea level. [2]

Conservation

It is an endangered species and listed in the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation of the Stavropol Territory (of Russia) as Vulnerable. [10] [11] It is also listed in the Red Books of Republic of Kalmykia and it was listed in Red Book of the Republic of Dagestan. [11]

None of the reserves or reserves of federal and republican status are not protected. [10]

Cultivation

It is hardy in various regions of Russia (not needing shelter during the winter). [10] [3] [4] [5]

It prefers to grow in salty soils, but can tolerate loamy soils rich in humus. [3] [5]

It is tolerant of damp positions. [10] [3]

It has been grown within the Botanical Garden of Stavropol since 1986. [10]

Due to its tolerance of salt, it can be grown in sites with excess salinity. [10]

It has been used in some plant breeding programs. [10]

Related Research Articles

<i>Iris spuria</i> Species of plant

Iris spuria is a species of the genus Iris, part of the subgenus Limniris and the series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Europe, Asia and Africa. It has purple or lilac flowers, and slender, elongated leaves. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions and hybridized for use in the garden. It has several subspecies; Iris spuria subsp. carthaliniae B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. demetrii B.Mathew, Iris spuria subsp. maritima (Dykes) P.Fourn. and Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica (Fomin) Takht. It used to have 3 other subspecies, which have now been re-classified as separate species; Iris spuria subsp. halophila, Iris spuria ssp. sogdiana and Iris spuria subsp. notha . It has many common names including 'blue iris', 'spurious iris' and 'bastard iris'.

<i>Iris formosana</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris formosana is a species of plant in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and the section Lophiris. It is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Taiwan, it has large white or lilac flowers. It is commonly known as the 'Taiwan iris'. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris notha</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris notha is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and series Spuriae. It is a rhizomatous perennial with deep blue or violet flowers from the Caucasus region. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was once Iris spuria subsp. notha, and can often be found under that name. It has the common name of fake iris or mimic iris in Russia.

<i>Iris pontica</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris pontica is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Limniris and in series Spuriae. It is a dwarf rhizomatous perennial plant from eastern Europe, the Causcasus region and Russia, with a short stem and violet-blue and white flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris spuria <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> carthaliniae</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Iris spuria subsp. carthaliniae is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a subspecies of Iris spuria, a rhizomatous perennial plant, from the Caucasus region, it is a tall iris with sky blue or white flowers. It was originally described by Fomin, as a separate species before Brian Mathew in 1981, added it to Iris spuria as one of its many subspecies. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris spuria subsp. musulmanica is a species of the genus Iris, part of a subgenus known as Limniris and in the series Spuriae. It is a subspecies of Iris spuria and is a rhizomatous perennial plant, from Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkey in Asia with flowers in various shades of blue, but there are rare white forms. They have a yellow centre and darker veining. It has the common name of 'Muslim iris'. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris falcifolia is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Hexapogon. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. It is a small plant, with sickle-shaped greyish-green leaves, lilac-violet flowers and darker veining, and a white or yellow beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in dry, temperate regions.

Iris bloudowii is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Russia, Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China, with sickle-shaped leaves, slender stem and 2 bright or pale yellow flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris humilis</i> Species of plant

Iris humilis is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, with a wide distribution range from Europe to Russia to China, via Mongolia and Kazakhstan. It has sword-shaped leaves, a short stem and yellow flowers with an orange beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris mandshurica is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, it is found in Russia, China, and Korea. It has green sword-like leaves, smooth green stem and yellow flowers, with yellow-purple veining and a yellow beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris potaninii</i> Species of flowering plant

Iris potaninii is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Psammiris section. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Siberia in Russia, Mongolia and China. It is a dwarf plant, having either subterranean or very small stems, long thin leaves and yellow, or dark violet to purplish blue flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris darwasica</i> Species of plant

Iris darwasica is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Regelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from Tajikistan and northern Afghanistan. It has long and thin glaucous to grey-green leaves, slender stem and greenish cream or greenish yellow, to dark purple or lilac flowers.

Iris ivanovae is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from eastern Russia, China, and Mongolia.

Iris narcissiflora is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China. It has pale green, thin, sword-shaped leaves, medium-long slender stem and 1 yellow flower. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Iris psammocola is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris and in the section Pseudoregelia. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from China. It has grass-like leaves, short stems, yellow flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris furcata</i> Species of plant

Iris furcata, the forked iris, is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the Caucasus mountains, in the countries of Moldavia and the southern Ukraine. It has short, narrow, sword-shaped leaves. A slender stem, that branches beyond the midpoint, holding small purple, deep purple, blue-violet, light blue or violet flowers. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It is often regarded as a synonym of Iris aphylla, but it has chromosomal and morphological differences, so it may considered to be a parent species instead.

<i>Iris scariosa</i> Species of plant

Iris scariosa is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountainsides of Russia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia and China. It has sword-like, or sickle shaped, blue green or grey-green leaves, a short flowering stem, 3 or 4 membranous or semi-transparent flower bud leaves, 2 violet, reddish violet, lilac, blue-purple, or blue flowers in late spring, with yellow or white beards. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. It was merged with another similar iris in the region, and Iris glaucescens became a synonym of Iris scariosa, before being divided into two separate species again. Although some sources still call it the main species, despite a slight colour difference.

Iris timofejewii is a species of flowering plant in the genus Iris, and also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountain slopes of the Caucasus and Dagestan. It has narrow, evergreen, falcate (sickle-shaped), grey-green (glaucous) leaves, and a short flowering stem just taller than the leaves. Each stem has 1–2 flowers in shades of violet, with white beards that have purple tips. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

<i>Iris acutiloba <span style="font-style:normal;">subsp.</span> lineolata</i> Subspecies of flowering plant

Iris acutiloba subsp. lineolata is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris. It is a subspecies of Iris acutiloba, and is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of Iran, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Azerbaijan. It has narrow, lanceolate, or falcate (sickle-shaped) leaves, which are grey-green and glaucous. It has a slender straight stem holding one terminal flower. The flowers, come in shades of white, cream, or creamy white and have veining that is purple or brown, or a mixture of both. It is heavily veined or streaked in purple or brown, with a dark purple-brown, spot on 3 of the outer petals and brown, dark purple, or black short beard. It is rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions, unless grown in a greenhouse.

<i>Iris acutiloba</i> Species of plant

Iris acutiloba is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and section Oncocyclus. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the mountains of the Caucasus and found in Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Dagestan in the North Caucasus, and Iran. It is a dwarf species, with narrow, falcate or curved leaves, it has one flower in spring or early summer, that comes in shades from cream, creamy white, whitish, pale brown, light grey, to pale violet. It is heavily veined or streaked and pointed, with 2 dark spots and brown, purple, dark purple, or black short beard. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions. There are two subspecies, Iris acutiloba subsp. lineolata and Iris acutiloba subsp. longitepala.

References

  1. ↑ "Iris pseudonotha Galushko is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2013. Retrieved 4 February 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Likhovid, Natalia G. (2005). "On Perianth Polychromy of Iris Prudonotha Galushko" (PDF). Biological Sciences. 42. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "On the environmental characteristics of tall Spur irises can be divided into three groups". flower.onego.ru. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Beardless irises in the Volgograd regional botanical garden". volgarbs.ru. 4 December 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "Tall irises Spurrier". click-art.ru. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Lat. Iris". agbina.com. Archived from the original on 14 March 2019. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Iris summary" (PDF). pacificbulbsociety.org. 14 April 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  8. ↑ Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN   978-0881927306. OL   8176432M.}
  9. ↑ "Электронный реестр". gbs.biora.ru. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "The exhibition "Iris Russia"". flower-iris.ru. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
  11. 1 2 3 4 "Iris pseudonotha Galushko". oopt.aari.ru. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Iridaceae Iris pseudonotha Galushko". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 21 February 2015.
  13. 1 2 Franco, Alain (3 December 2013). "(SPEC) Iris pseudonotha Galushko". wiki.irises.org (American Iris Society). Retrieved 14 February 2015.
  14. ↑ "South of Russia: Ecology and development. №4, 2013" . Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  15. 1 2 "Iris pseudonotha". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
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