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Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha [1] [2] (12 May 1920 – 20 March 2008) was an Indian judge known for his 1975 ruling in the State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain lawsuit, which invalidated the election of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Jagmohanlal Sinha pursued his legal studies at Agra University. Born on May 12, 1920, he embarked on an educational journey that included Government High School in Aligarh, Bareilly College in Bareilly, and Meerut College in Meerut. From 1943 to 1955, he practiced as a pleader in Bareilly. Subsequently, he served as the District Government Counsel (Criminal) in Bareilly until June 3, 1957. His career path also led him to work as a Civil & Sessions Judge and an Additional District Judge. Notably, he held the position of District & Sessions Judge Joint Secretary in the Law Department of the Uttar Pradesh Government. On January 3, 1970, he was appointed as an Additional Judge of the Allahabad High Court, and later, on August 25, 1972, he became a Permanent Judge. [3]
Justice Sinha's most significant moment came in 1975 when he presided over the challenge to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's victory in the 1971 Lok Sabha election. The case focused on allegations of electoral malpractices, including the illegal employment of a government servant, Yashpal Kapoor, for election-related work. [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]
Justice Sinha conducted the court proceedings with a strong commitment to justice and judicial independence. His actions, such as not allowing lawyers to stand when the Prime Minister entered the courtroom, demonstrated his dedication to upholding the judiciary's dignity.
On June 12, 1975, Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha delivered his historic verdict, convicting Indira Gandhi of electoral malpractices and disqualifying her from holding any elected post under the Representation of People Act.
Sinha's judgment has been praised as a judgment of great courage by the Chief Justice of India - Mr. NV Ramana. [9] Other members of the judicial panel were also politically humiliated and ostracized. [10] Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha had been avoiding public appearances and even asked his stenographer to disappear before the result was announced. [11] [12]
Vishwanath Pratap Singh, shortened to V. P. Singh, was an Indian politician who was the Prime Minister of India from 1989 to 1990 and the 41st Raja Bahadur of Manda.
Events in the year 1975 in the Republic of India.
The Janata Party is an unrecognized political party in India. It was founded as an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 and 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian National Congress. In the 1977 general election, the party defeated the Congress and Janata leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister in independent modern India's history.
Kailash Nath Katju was a prominent politician of India. He was the Governor of Odisha and West Bengal, the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, the Union Home Minister and the Union Defence Minister. He was also one of India's most prominent lawyers. He was part of some of the most notable cases of his times, including the Indian National Army trials. Katju joined the Indian independence movement early on and spent several years incarcerated with fellow independence activists for his activities.
The Emergency in India was a 21-month period from 1975 to 1977 when Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had a state of emergency declared across the country by citing internal and external threats to the country.
Mirza Hameedullah Beg was the 15th Chief Justice of India, serving from January 1977 to February 1978.
The Bihar movement, also known as the JP movement, was a political movement initiated by students in the Indian state of Bihar against misrule and corruption in the state government. in 1974. It was led by the veteran Gandhian socialist Jayaprakash Narayan, popularly known as JP. The movement later turned against Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's government in the central government. It was also referred to as Sampoorna Kranti.
Hans Raj Khanna was an Indian judge, jurist and advocate who propounded the basic structure doctrine in 1973 and attempted to uphold civil liberties during the time of Emergency in India in a lone dissenting judgement in 1976. He entered the Indian judiciary in 1952 as an Additional District and Sessions Judge and subsequently was elevated as a judge to the Supreme Court of India in 1971 where he continued till his resignation in 1977.
Vishweshwar Nath Khare is a retired Indian judge who served as the 33rd Chief Justice of India, from 19 December 2002 to 2 May 2004. He also served as the Chancellor of the Central University of Jharkhand from 2017 to 2023. He was a judge of the Supreme Court of India from 21 March 1997 before he was elevated to the post of Chief Justice.
General elections were held in India between 1 and 10 March 1971 to elect members of the fifth Lok Sabha. They were the fifth general elections since independence in 1947. The 27 Indian states and union territories were represented by 518 constituencies, each with a single seat. Under the leadership of Indira Gandhi, the Indian National Congress (R) led a campaign which focused on reducing poverty and won a landslide victory, overcoming a split in the party and regaining many of the seats lost in the previous election.
Shanti Bhushan was an Indian politician and lawyer. He served as the Law Minister of India holding office at the Ministry of Law and Justice from 1977 to 1979 in the Morarji Desai Ministry. He was a senior advocate of the Supreme Court of India. He, along with his son Prashant Bhushan, was featured at 74th position in a list of the most powerful Indians published by The Indian Express in 2009.
Rae Bareli is one of the 80 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is considered to be a bastion of the Indian National Congress. From 1967 to 1977, the seat was held by former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, and from 2004 until her appointment to the Rajya Sabha in 2024, by Sonia Gandhi.
The Janata Morcha was a coalition of Indian political parties formed in 1974 to oppose the government of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and her Congress (R) party. The coalition was an integral part of the popular movement against the Emergency rule of Indira Gandhi and the direct predecessor of the Janata Party, which defeated the Congress (R) in the 1977 Indian general election to form the first non-Congress government in independent India. It was formed by Jayaprakash Narayan and Morarji Desai, chief of the main opposition Congress (O) party.
The State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain was a 1975 case heard by the Allahabad High Court that found the Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractices. The ruling on the case that had been filed by the defeated opposition candidate, Raj Narain, Justice Jagmohanlal Sinha invalidated Gandhi's win and barred her from holding elected office for six years. The decision caused a political crisis in India that led to the imposition of a state of emergency by Gandhi's government from 1975 to 1977.
Meerut College is a state-funded college in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. The college is affiliated to Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut. The college was established in 1892 and has a campus of 50 acres (0.20 km2). The college has glorious history of achievements in academics and other fields. Personalities from Prime Minister, Governors, Ambassadors, Cabinet Ministers, Member's of Parliament, State Assemblies, Judges, innumerable Administrators IAS, IFS, IRS, National Poets, Advocates, Social Workers, Scientists, leading Industrialist and Educationists have been students of this college.
Atma Jayaram was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between November 1971 to August 1975. His tenure was during one of the most turbulent political periods of modern India. He served under then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Nuthalapati Venkata Ramana is a former Indian judge and journalist who served as the 48th Chief Justice of India.
Pt.Kanhaiya Lal Misra was an Indian lawyer and independence activist. He was the Advocate General of Uttar Pradesh from 1952 to 1969.
The judicial wheel is rounded with equality, oiled with honour and functions smoothly with honesty – principally when both members of the Bench and Bar shoulder their responsibilities seriously
Pankaj Mithal is a Judge of The Supreme Court of India. He is the former Chief Justice of the Rajasthan High Court. Previously, he has also served as the Chief Justice of the Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court and Judge of the Allahabad High Court.
Daya Saran Sinha was an Indian judge and the eighteenth chief justice of the Gujarat High Court. He also served as the first chairperson of the Gujarat State Human Rights Commission.
