Jakarta gubernatorial election, 2007

Jakarta gubernatorial election, 2007
Turnout	65.41% [1]
	Location of Jakarta within Indonesia
Governor before election; Sutiyoso ; ABRI	Elected Governor ; Fauzi Bowo ; Demokrat

Last updated April 10, 2019

A gubernatorial election was held in Jakarta on 8 August 2007 to elect the Governor of Jakarta for the five-year term between 2007 and 2012. It was the first direct election for the capital city. Incumbent Sutiyoso did not participate in the election, with his deputy Fauzi Bowo facing off against former police general Adang Daradjatun.

Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of the world's most populous island, Java, it is the centre of economics, culture and politics of Indonesia, with a population of 10,075,310 as of 2014. Jakarta metropolitan area has an area of 6,392 square kilometers, which is known as Jabodetabek. It is the world's second largest urban agglomeration with a population of 30,214,303 as of 2010. Jakarta is predicted to reach 35.6 million people by 2030 to become the world's biggest megacity. Jakarta's business opportunities, as well as its potential to offer a higher standard of living, attract migrants from across the Indonesian archipelago, combining many communities and cultures.

Jakarta is administratively equal to a province with special status as the capital of Indonesia. Executive head of Jakarta is a governor, instead of a mayor. The Governor of Jakarta is an elected politician who, along with Deputy Governor and 106 members of People's regional representative council (DPRD), is accountable for the strategic government of Jakarta.

Sutiyoso is an Indonesian politician and former general who was the Director of the State Intelligence Agency from 8 July 2015 - 9 September 2016. Known informally as 'Bang Yos', he was the governor of Jakarta, the country's capital, during a turbulent period from 1997. During this time there was a total of five presidents in Indonesia. The transitions between presidents were often accompanied by much turmoil and disturbance in the streets of Jakarta. Sutiyoso also served as chairman of the Badminton Association of Indonesia (PBSI) for the period 2004-2008.

Background

Prior to 2005, regional leaders such as governors and mayors were indirectly elected by the regional legislative body (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah), which members were elected in public elections. It was not until 2005 when this system was replaced by direct elections for local areas.^[2]

The previous governor, Sutiyoso, was reelected for his second term through the indirect method with Fauzi Bowo as his deputy on September 2002, in a vote held in the midst of demonstrations against his governance. Observers described the results as "expected".^[3]

Candidates

Sitting vice governor Fauzi Bowo received the support of a major coalition of parties, while his opponent Anang Daradjatun only managed to secure the support of the Prosperous Justice Party - which had previously won the local elections of Jakarta's satellite cities of Bekasi and Depok. Outside the two, several other figures such as Agum Gumelar and Faisal Basri were also potential candidates, but did not manage to secure backing.^[4]

Bekasi is a city in West Java, Indonesia, located on the eastern border of Jakarta within the Jakarta metropolitan area. It serves as a commuter city for Jakarta, although it has notable trade, business and processing industries. With 2.93 million inhabitants in an area of 210.49 square kilometres (81.27 sq mi), Bekasi is the third most populous city proper in Indonesia, but since it is a part of Jakarta urban agglomeration, Bandung is widely known as the county's third largest city. The borders for this city are Bekasi Regency at the north and east, Bogor Regency and Depok City at the south, as well as East Jakarta at the west. It is Indonesia's most populated incorporated suburban city to Jakarta, and one of the most populated worldwide, but still trails the likes of Incheon and Yokohama. The large number of multinational companies, has apparently attracted a lot of expatriates to settle in Bekasi.

Depok is a city in West Java province, and located within Greater Jakarta in Indonesia. It has an area of 200.29 km². As of 2014 census, it had a population of 1,869,681 people, with a density of 8,746 people/km². Depok was declared as a separate city on 20 April, 1999.

Agum Gumelar is a politician and former general of the Indonesian National Armed Forces. He is a former minister having held several positions, a former chairman of Indonesian Football Association and National Sports Committee of Indonesia. He is an alumnus of the National Military Academy in Magelang, Central Java and Medical Faculty of Padjadjaran University in Bandung, West Java. In 1998, he received a master's degree from American World University, an organization forbidden to operate in 2005 because of its diploma mill action.

Then-academist Anies Baswedan noted the large amount of negotiations and transactions involved with the formation of the coalition.^[4]

Anies Rasyid Baswedan is an Indonesian academic, activist, and politician who currently serves as the Governor of Jakarta.

Issues

The primary issues contested were chronic poverty and unemployment in addition to the city's traffic jams and annual flooding. Topics such as corruption and Islam's role in public life also became campaigning areas.^[5]

Fauzi Bowo's campaign in particular claimed that Daradjatun's governorship will result in limitations for the city's nightlife because of his backing from the islamist PKS. The latter denied this and in turn accused Fauzi of being indebted to his political backers.^[5] Daradjatun also accused the previous administration of incompetence.^[6]

Results

Following early vote counts, Anang-Dani conceded their defeat before the official results were released.^[7] Fauzi Bowo-Prijanto were officially declared as winners of the election on 16 August, after securing 2,109,511 (57.87%) of the votes while Anang gained 1,535,555 (42.13%) votes. The former pair won in all constituent cities (and the Thousand Islands Regency).^[1] The turnout of over 3.6 million voters (~65%) exceeded expectations.^[8]

Votes by area^[1]	Fauzi-Prijanto		Anang-Dani
Votes by area^[1]	Votes	%	Votes	%
Central Jakarta	234,144	56.04	183,679	43.96
East Jakarta	611,788	56.78	465,750	43.22
North Jakarta	319,506	57.56	235,616	42.44
South Jakarta	460,380	57.40	341,667	42.60
West Jakarta	475,894	60.94	304,983	39.06
Thousand Islands	7,799	66.89	3,860	33.11
Total	2,109,511	57.87	1,535,555	42.13

Aftermath

The election was mentioned in a diplomatic cable brought up by WikiLeaks, which noted that "despite the intense press coverage of the election and its national importance, the Jakarta elites have rigged the game".^[9]^[10] Fauzi Bowo would later run again for his second term in 2012, in which he lost to Joko Widodo.^[11]

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References

1 2 3 "KPU Tetapkan Fauzi Bowo-Prianto Pemenang Pilkada DKI 2007". Antara News (in Indonesian). 16 August 2007. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
↑ "Indonesia retains regional elections". BBC News. 20 January 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
↑ "Sutiyoso Kembali Menjabat Gubernur DKI". Liputan6 (in Indonesian). 11 September 2002. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
1 2 Baswedan, Anies R. (December 2007). "INDONESIAN POLITICS IN 2007: THE PRESIDENCY, LOCAL ELECTIONS AND THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY". Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies. 43 (3): 323–340. doi:10.1080/00074910701727597.
1 2 "Jakarta holds first direct election for governor". The New York Times. 8 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
↑ Adhityani, Arga (8 August 2007). "Indonesia's capital votes in first direct election". Reuters. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
↑ "Islamic party candidate concedes Jakarta election". Reuters. 10 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
↑ "In Indonesia: Positive Vibes from Jakarta's First Direct Gubernatorial Election - The Asia Foundation". The Asia Foundation. 8 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
↑ "Wikileaks Juga Soroti Pilkada DKI 2007". VIVA (in Indonesian). 7 July 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2018.
↑ "PKS VERSUS THE WORLD IN JAKARTA GOVERNOR'S RACE". WikiLeaks . Retrieved 24 March 2018.
↑ Kuhn, Anthony (24 December 2012). "Jakarta's New Governor Seen As A Rising Star". NPR. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

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[an-1] 1 2 3 "KPU Tetapkan Fauzi Bowo-Prianto Pemenang Pilkada DKI 2007". Antara News (in Indonesian). 16 August 2007. Retrieved 24 March 2018.

[2] "Indonesia retains regional elections". BBC News. 20 January 2015. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[3] "Sutiyoso Kembali Menjabat Gubernur DKI". Liputan6 (in Indonesian). 11 September 2002. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[anies-4] 1 2 Baswedan, Anies R. (December 2007). "INDONESIAN POLITICS IN 2007: THE PRESIDENCY, LOCAL ELECTIONS AND THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY". Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies. 43 (3): 323–340. doi:10.1080/00074910701727597.

[nyt-5] 1 2 "Jakarta holds first direct election for governor". The New York Times. 8 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[6] Adhityani, Arga (8 August 2007). "Indonesia's capital votes in first direct election". Reuters. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[7] "Islamic party candidate concedes Jakarta election". Reuters. 10 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[af-8] "In Indonesia: Positive Vibes from Jakarta's First Direct Gubernatorial Election - The Asia Foundation". The Asia Foundation. 8 August 2007. Retrieved 27 March 2018.

[9] "Wikileaks Juga Soroti Pilkada DKI 2007". VIVA (in Indonesian). 7 July 2012. Retrieved 24 March 2018.

[10] "PKS VERSUS THE WORLD IN JAKARTA GOVERNOR'S RACE". WikiLeaks . Retrieved 24 March 2018.

[11] Kuhn, Anthony (24 December 2012). "Jakarta's New Governor Seen As A Rising Star". NPR. Retrieved 27 March 2018.