Indonesia's transport system has been shaped over time by the economic resource base of an archipelago with thousands of islands, and the distribution of its more than 200 million people concentrated mainly on a single island, Java.
Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta and formerly known as Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Lying on the northwest coast of Java, the world's most populous island, Jakarta is the largest metropole in Southeast Asia and serves as the diplomatic capital of ASEAN. The Special Capital Region has a status equivalent to that of a province and is bordered by two other provinces: West Java to the south and east; and Banten to the west. Its coastline faces the Java Sea to the north, and it shares a maritime border with Lampung to the west. Jakarta's metropolitan area is ASEAN's second largest economy after Singapore. In 2023, the city's GDP PPP was estimated at US$724.010 billion.
Bandung is the capital city of the West Java province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, Greater Bandung is the country's second-largest and second most populous metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. Situated 768 meters above sea level, approximately 140 kilometres southeast of Jakarta, Bandung has cooler year-round temperatures than most other Indonesian cities. The city lies in a river basin surrounded by volcanic mountains that provide a natural defence system, which was the primary reason for the Dutch East Indies government's plan to move the capital from Batavia to Bandung.
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, commonly referred to as SBY, is an Indonesian politician, painter and retired army general who served as the sixth president of Indonesia from 2004 to 2014 and the second Indonesian President from the military after Suharto. He founded the Democratic Party of Indonesia, he served as the 4th leader of the Democratic Party from 2014 until 2020, 8th and 10th Coordinating Minister of Politics and Security Affairs of Indonesia from 2000 until 2001, and again from 2001 until 2004. He also served as the president of the Assembly and chair of the Council of the Global Green Growth Institute. He was also the former chairman of ASEAN due to Indonesia's hosting of the 18th and 19th ASEAN Summits.
The Jakarta metropolitan area or Greater Jakarta, known locally as Jabodetabekpunjur is the most populous megapolitan area in Indonesia. It includes the national capital as well as five satellite cities and three complete regencies. The original term "Jabotabek" dated from the late 1970s and was revised to "Jabodetabek" in 1999 when "De" was inserted into the name following its formation. The term "Jabodetabekjur" or "Jabodetabekpunjur" was legalised on the Presidential Regulation Number 54 of 2008, and then the name "Jabodetabekpunjur" is officially used.
Muhammad Jusuf Kalla, commonly referred to by his initials JK, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who served as the 10th and 12th vice president of Indonesia, the only vice president in Indonesian history to serve two non-consecutive terms in office. He was unsuccessful as Golkar's presidential nominee in the 2009 presidential election. Before Kalla declared himself as the running mate for Joko Widodo in the 2014 presidential election, a 2012 poll placed his popularity among likely voters in the top three contenders for the presidency and ahead of his own party's nominee Aburizal Bakrie.
Transjakarta or Jakarta BRT is a bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Jakarta, Indonesia. The first BRT system in Southeast Asia, it commenced operations on 15 January 2004 to provide a fast public transport system to help reduce rush hour traffic. The system is considered as the first revolutionary public transit mode in the capital city of Indonesia. The buses run in dedicated lanes (busways), and ticket prices are subsidised by the regional government. Transjakarta has the world's longest BRT system, which operates about 4,300 buses. Transjakarta aims to have 50 percent of its fleet be electric buses by 2027. By 2030, the aim is for the entire Transjakarta ecosystem to use electric buses. As of November 2023, it serves an average of 1.134 million passengers daily.
General (Ret.) Abdullah Mahmud Hendropriyono is a retired honorary general from Kopassus, the Indonesian Army special forces group. Hendropriyono was the first head of Indonesia's State Intelligence Agency (BIN), and was general chairman of the Indonesian Justice and Unity Party (PKPI).
Anies Rasyid Baswedan is an Indonesian academic, activist, and politician who served as the Governor of Jakarta from 2017 to 2022. A student activist and political analyst before entering public service, he served as the Rector of Paramadina University before being appointed to be Minister of Education and Culture in Joko Widodo administration. He is also the founder of Indonesia Mengajar, a program that selects, trains, and assigns university graduates to serve in a one-year teaching mission across the country. He is the grandson of nationalist, journalist, and freedom fighter Abdurrahman Baswedan, and the cousin of Novel Baswedan. He was a candidate for President of Indonesia in the 2024 election.
Fauzi Bowo is an Indonesian politician and diplomat who was the Indonesian Ambassador to Germany from 2013 to 2018. He was the governor of Jakarta between 2007 and 2012 and previously served as deputy governor from 2002 to 2007 under Sutiyoso's governorship.
The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia is one of the apex courts in Indonesia along with the Indonesian Supreme Court. Its primary role is reviewing the constitutionality of Acts (undang-undang). It also has other functions, including resolving disputes over the powers of state institutions, settling disputes over the results of general elections, deciding on the dissolution of political parties, and supervising impeachment. The last two functions have never been exercised by the Court.
Joko Widodo, popularly known as Jokowi, is an Indonesian politician and businessman who served as the seventh president of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024. Previously a member of the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), he was the country's first president to not emerge from the country's political or military elite. He previously served as governor of Jakarta from 2012 to 2014 and mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012.
DAMRI Public Corporation is an Indonesian state-owned bus operator. Under further development as a public company, the name DAMRI is still used as a brand mark of this state-owned company that still carries out passenger and cargo transport using buses and trucks.
Major General (Ret.) Muchdi Purwopranjono is an Indonesian politician and former major general who served briefly as chief of the Indonesian Army's Special Forces (Kopassus) and was former deputy head of the State Intelligence Agency (BIN). He was relieved of command duties in 1998 after the fall of Soeharto and was subsequently deemed responsible for abductions of pro-democracy activists. In 2008, he was acquitted of commissioning and assisting in the 2004 assassination of human rights campaigner Munir, following a trial deemed flawed by human rights organizations. He is presently the leader of a breakaway faction of Tommy Soeharto’s Berkarya Party and his leadership is recognized by the government.
As a metropolitan area of about 30 million people, Jakarta has a variety of transport systems. Jakarta was awarded 2021 global Sustainable Transport Award (STA) for integrated public transportation system.
Police-General (Ret.) Tan Sri Budi Gunawan PSM is an Indonesian high ranking police officer who is the Chief of the Indonesian State Intelligence Agency (BIN) since 9 September 2016, and is also the General Chairman of the Indonesian E-Sports Executive Board. He previously served as Deputy Chief of Indonesian National Police accompanying National Police Chief Badrodin Haiti and Tito Karnavian. He is the second member of the police after Sutanto to lead the State Intelligence Agency.
The Transjakarta Corridor 1 is the Transjakarta bus rapid transit route in Jakarta, Indonesia. The route operates between Blok M Terminal and Jakarta Kota railway station. It is the first route of the Transjakarta BRT system. The roads that are traversed by Corridor 1 are along Jalan Sultan Hasanuddin, Trunojoyo, Sisingamangaraja, Sudirman, MH Thamrin, Medan Merdeka Barat, Gajah Mada / Hayam Wuruk, Pintu Besar Utara, Kali Besar Barat, Kunir, and Lada Dalam. Key integration points include Dukuh Atas TOD that is currently an integration point for four transport modes, Jakarta Kota station which serves KRL Commuterline, and Harmoni station that is one of the main hubs in the BRT system. From Blok M to Bundaran HI ASTRA stations, this corridor is in parallel with North–South Line of the Jakarta MRT, thus many of the BRT stations are integrated directly with the MRT stations. Currently, all bus stations are served by buses 24 hours a day.
The Transjakarta Corridor 7 is a bus rapid transit corridor in East Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia, operated by Transjakarta. It connects the Kampung Rambutan Bus Terminal in Ciracas to the Kampung Melayu Bus Terminal in Jatinegara. The streets that passed by Corridor 7 are Gedong Timur/Barat, Raya Bogor, Mayjen Sutoyo, MT Haryono, and Otto Iskandardinata streets. This corridor is the only Transjakarta corridor that is not integrated with the KRL Commuterline system, because the distance between the Kampung Melayu station and the nearest Commuterline station, Tebet, is quite far.
Soeparto Tjitrodihardjo was an Indonesian politician and bureaucrat. He was the Vice Governor of Central Java for development from 1985 until 1990 and the Speaker of Central Java Regional People's Representative Council from 1992 until 1997. He is commonly known as Pak Parto.
The Greater Jakarta Integrated Mass Transit System is an integrated transport network that primarily serves the area of Jakarta metropolitan area and surrounding areas. The system commenced operations in December 2011 with the introduction of commuter rail service on the existing rail between Jakarta and satellite cities. The system have since expanded and currently consists of 11 fully operating rail lines in a radial formation; five commuter rail lines, one airport rail link line to the Soekarno Hatta International Airport's (SHIA) Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Terminal 3, four rapid transit lines, fourteen bus rapid transit line and one high speed rail to the Bandung. The system encompasses 932.3 kilometres (579.3 mi) of grade-separated railway with 371 operational stations.
