An urban park or metropolitan park, also known as a municipal park or a public park, public open space, or municipal gardens (UK), is a park in cities and other incorporated places to offer recreation and green space to residents of, and visitors to, the municipality. The design, operation and maintenance is usually done by government agencies, typically on the local level, but may occasionally be contracted out to a park conservancy, friends of group, or private sector company.
Gomti Nagar is an area in the North Indian city of Lucknow consisting of both residential and business settlements. It is one of the largest and upcoming areas of Lucknow.
Lucknow is the capital city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, and is also the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division. It is the eleventh most populous city and the twelfth most populous urban agglomeration of India. Lucknow has always been known as a multicultural city that flourished as a North Indian cultural and artistic hub, and the seat of power of Nawabs in the 18th and 19th centuries. It continues to be an important centre of governance, administration, education, commerce, aerospace, finance, pharmaceuticals, technology, design, culture, tourism, music and poetry.
It was made in memory of late politician Janeshwar Mishra from Samajwadi Party. The park was inaugurated for general public of the city on 5 August 2014. It is claimed to be Asia's 10th largest garden.
Janeshwar Mishra was a politician from Samajwadi Party. He was a member of the Parliament of India and also represented Uttar Pradesh in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament. He was known as Chhote Lohia for his commitment towards socialist ideology. This is in reference to Ram Manohar Lohia
Samajwadi Party is a political party in India headquartered in New Delhi. It is a state party based in Uttar Pradesh, it describes itself as a democratic socialist party.
History
The chief minister of Uttar Pradesh, Akhilesh Yadav (session 2012-2017) laid the foundation stone of the park on 6 August 2012.[2] The park was a dream project of SP chief Mulayam Singh Yadav who had asked his son and UP CM Akhilesh Yadav to dedicate a park in the name of Janeshwar Mishra. It was developed with a cost of 168 crores($276,026.668).[3] The park was modeled with Hyde Park in London as an inspiration.
Uttar Pradesh is a state in northern India. With over 200 million inhabitants, it is the most populous state in India as well as the most populous country subdivision in the world. It was created on 1 April 1937 as the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh during British rule, and was renamed Uttar Pradesh in 1950. The state is divided into 18 divisions and 75 districts with the capital being Lucknow. The main ethnic group is the Hindavi people, forming the demographic plurality. On 9 November 2000, a new state, Uttarakhand, was carved out from the state's Himalayan hill region. The two major rivers of the state, the Ganga and Yamuna, join at Allahabad (Prayagraj) and then flow as the Ganga further east. Hindi is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state.
Akhilesh Yadav is an Indian politician and the current President of the Samajwadi Party. He served as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 2012 to 2017. Having assumed office on 15 March 2012 at the age of 38, he is the youngest person to have held the office. His first significant success in politics was his election as a member of the Lok Sabha for the Kannauj constituency.
Mulayam Singh Yadav is an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh and the founder of the Samajwadi Party. He served for three non-consecutive terms as the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh from 1989 to 1991, 1993 to 1995, and 2003 to 2007 respectively and also served as the Minister of Defence of India from 1996 to 1998 in the United Front government. He currently serves as the Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha from Azamgarh.
Background
Lucknow Development Authority (LDA) has developed eco-friendly Janeshwar Mishra Park (JMP) in the heart of the city. It has been conceptualised and designed as a multi-functional environmental and recreational green which will not just provide sustainable habitat for various species of birds but also double up as a major entertainment and recreation centre for all sections of the society. It will enhance and improve the ecological balance and help restore sensitive habitat for numerous species of birds, small animals, fishes, amphibians and even insects. The design direction for the park is centered on the strategy for sustainable development that aims to promote harmony among human beings and between humanity and nature. The pursuit of sustainable development requires a social system that provides for solutions for the tensions arising from disharmonious development. The site has a gentle and general slope towards south to north and greater gradient towards eastern and western sides where it will house water bodies. As per Lucknow Master Plan, the site falls in green belt and was visualized as a city forest. However, due to manifold reasons the site is now proposed to be developed a park to meet the social and recreational needs of the neighbouring population. However, whilst permitting the change from city forest to landscaped park.
Area characteristics
The site measures around 376 acres and is located in Gomti Nagar extension, Part-1. It lies between Lucknow and Faizabad Northern Railway line in north-eastern side and rich fertile plains of River Gomti on southern side. The site for the park is bordered by river Gomti and a bund road on the other side. Owing to its location, the site will serve as a recreation area and a green lung to the local population likely to move in the LDA housing. The bund road offers a vantage location to enjoy
fully developed panoramic view of the site.
Accessibility
The site can be accessed from four different directions and therefore four separate entries in North and South-East direction are located at suitable points. The site is also bound by a 45m Row Bund road on the River side with embankment. The site can always be accessed by private modes such as cars and two wheelers but not many public transport options such as buses are available for the members of the public.
Water bodies/waterways/fountains
Two large water bodies on the site have been developed with a view to harness migratory birds and provide haven for birds in winter and summer months through the creation of lagoons and marshy lands. The area of water body no.1 is 14 acre. There is a splendid bio-diversity in India and a great number of birds arrive from numerous locales all around the world throughout the year. Some of the birds that migrate to Indian wetlands in winter season are Siberian cranes, greater flamingos, ruffs, white wagtails, rosy pelicans, spotted sandpipers, starlings, and gadwalls. Birds that migrate in summer are knob-billed ducks, blue-cheeked bee-eaters, blue-tailed bee-eaters, cuckoos, etc.
The Siberian crane, also known as the Siberian white crane or the snow crane, is a bird of the family Gruidae, the cranes. They are distinctive among the cranes, adults are nearly all snowy white, except for their black primary feathers that are visible in flight and with two breeding populations in the Arctic tundra of western and eastern Russia. The eastern populations migrate during winter to China while the western population winters in Iran and formerly, in India and Nepal. Among the cranes, they make the longest distance migrations. Their populations, particularly those in the western range, have declined drastically in the 20th century due to hunting along their migration routes and habitat degradation. The world population was estimated in 2010 at about 3,200 birds, mostly belonging to the eastern population with about 95% of them wintering in the Poyang Lake basin in China, a habitat that may be altered by the Three Gorges Dam. In western Siberia there are only around ten of these cranes in the wild.
The greater flamingo is the most widespread and largest species of the flamingo family. It is found in Africa, on the Indian subcontinent, in the Middle East, and in southern Europe.
The ruff is a medium-sized wading bird that breeds in marshes and wet meadows across northern Eurasia. This highly gregarious sandpiper is migratory and sometimes forms huge flocks in its winter grounds, which include southern and western Europe, Africa, southern Asia and Australia.
The second water body consists of a fresh water lake spread over an area of 18 Acre on the southern corner of the site. The lakes will be interconnected with a meandering tree lined channel to ensure all-weather perenniality. Collectively, the two lakes along with the channel will cover an area of approximately 20 Ha. And will account for nearly 15% of the park area. A regular supply of water for the lakes and park will be provided and maintained from various sources such as: Diversion of flow: The flow in the drain shall be diverted to the proposed STP through a covered canal from the main drain flowing through the park. Controlling sluice gates would be provided at the off take from the main canal and the inlet of the STP
Park circulation
A series of jogging, cycling and walkways are built in the park. The total length of such track/s are 5.28km., 8.85km. and 10.5km. respectively. The system of jogging tracks, cycling tracks and pedestrian paths has been identified in the ratio of 2:3:4. These facilities are barrier free for disabled and old aged members of the society. Proposed ornamental bridge Walkways
The walkways are designed in curvaceous manner to maximize the visual potential of the site and provide the inter-linkages to various activities proposed in the park. They run all along and across the park, along the water bodies, connecting cultural hub and theme gardens, parking and
Cycle tracks
The park is designed with exclusive and extensive cycle tracks that provider an excellent visual and cycling delight to the visitors. The total length of the proposed cycle track is 5.28km that is deemed sufficient for the site. The typical cross sections of the cycle track are given in the figure below. Adequate cycling infrastructure i.e. cycles, parking and sit outs along with cycle tracks will be provided. A suitable management system for the use of cycles is there so that visitors can ride the bicycles for a defined duration on individual or group booking basis.
Jogging track
The series of connected and inter-connected Jogging tracks are built for the park. The total length for such tracks is 8.85km and width is 3.0 m. It is expected that a huge rush using this facility in the morning hours Some professional athletes may also use this facility for training purposes. 2. Out of this Jogging Track of 1.5 length has been laid them. The track is divided into two parts one is long and other one is inscribed in it
Park lighting
Along the path there are 400 light pole have been installed. On these pole LED light bulbs are attached which conserve the energy. Poles are high styling, greater finish, premium grade, support construction and corrosion resistant, their antique finish and colour enhances the land scape of entire project. In addition to the quality of poles the LED 60 W & 30W fixtures give an additional flavour to the complete installation with their crystal effect light output throughout the jogging and cycling track just giving a feel of natural God made chandeliers. In addition to above park lighting landscape lighting is additional feature to highlight the entrance plaza as well as landscape work.
Signage and furniture
The signage includes directional and warning signs in order to orient and direct the visitors to their desired section of the park. The signage is placed at strategic and important decision points so as to enable visitors to make informed choices. The size, colour, shape, texture etc. are in accordance to the theme of the park and supplement the ambience offered by the space. The garden furniture includes aesthetically designed benches, sit outs, seats, bleachers etc. The park is kept neat and clean with the help of refuse bins and information kiosks.
Public amenities
The public amenities include public toilets, eateries, souvenir shops, food plaza, restaurants etc. The peak load on a general weekend is expected to be nearly 10,000 visitors and thus appropriate facilities have been provided. There are 8 blocks placed at suitable locations for the peak visitor load. It include sufficient mix of gents and ladies toilets along with handicapped facilities.
Entry plazas
The entry plaza incorporate a small administration building with utilities and facilities such as ticket counter, enquiry counter etc. with somber materials and pastel shades of colour depicting harmonizing social values. It has been designed as a massive open space so as to accommodate the huge rush expected on weekends and designed carefully to divert and differentiate between entering and exiting traffic.
Statue design
A statue of Mr. Janeshwar Mishra is installed at an important location within the park. The statue 25 feet tall. It has been placed on a high location so as to make it visible from all corners of the park.
Amphitheatre/theme gardens
An amphitheatre and playing field is projected as a cultural hub where cultural and sports activities are anticipated and thus help attract all sorts of vibrant activities. This vibrancy is an important part of the landscape design since it will eliminate the monotony and stillness from the otherwise vast area. The amphitheatre is attract social, cultural and even political activists/groups that with organize and conducts various events such as plays, dramas, skits, festivals, competitions, music concerts or even religious/political gatherings etc. Some of the other locations within the site is developed as congregation and sit-out-spaces. Theme gardens are gardens within garden and essentially include a wide area, landscaped based on a theme.
Children's play areas
A well designed children's park with various types and sizes of play areas. The most common are swings, slides, homes, enclosures etc. These play areas has been tastefully designed with bright colours and appropriate ergonomics. There are special emphasis on the safety and security of children by installing warning and danger signs all along the play area. There are sitting area for parents/ guardians.
Parking and circulation
There are three main entry points. Sufficient parking areas are developed adjacent to entry. The parking locations are concentrated near entry points and a large parking lot is provided on the main entry river.
Plants
Trees, shrubs and flowers are planted inn the suitable location of the park, The varieties of the plants are as follows.
Red Flora in Janeshwar Mishra Park
Yellow Flora in Janeshwar Mishra Park
Bonsai Palms at Janeshwar Mishra Park
Bamboo in Janeshwar Mishra Park, Lucknow, India
White Flora at Janeshwar Mishra Park, Lucknow, India
Yellow Flowers at Janeshwar Mishra Park, Lucknow, India
Alstonia scholaris is an evergreen tropical tree in the family Apocynaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent, Malay Peninsula, and Australasia.
Bombax ceiba, like other trees of the genus Bombax, is commonly known as cotton tree. More specifically, it is sometimes known as red silk-cotton; red cotton tree; or ambiguously as silk-cotton or kapok, both of which may also refer to Ceiba pentandra.
Palms
Areca Catechu
Bismarcia nobilis
Bottle palm (40-50 in circum)
Caryota urens
Crysalido carpus
Cycas circinalis small
Cycas circinalis big
Cycas revoluta big
Fish tail palm
Fox tail palm
Livistonia filifera
Pritchardia pacifica big
Pritchardia pacifica small
Raphis excelsa
Ravenala madagascariensis (Traveler Palm)
Wodyetia Bifurcata
Washing tonia palm (Stem Ht without leaf)
Washing tonia palm (Stem Height)
Tall shrubs
Alpinia purpurata
Bauhinia galpinij
Bauhinia Tomentoas
Cassia grandis
Cassia javanica
Euphorbia pulcherima
Euphorbia Regia
Nerium oleander (pink)
Nerium oleander dwarf
Nerium olender (Red)
Medium shrubs
Acalypha rosea
Allamanda Nerifolia
Brunfelsia Americana
Cleodendrum Inerme
Caesalpinia pulcherimma
Calliandra emerginata
Calliandra brevipes
Calliandra hamaetocephylla
Cassia alata
Cassia biflora
Cadiaeum
Cestrum noctrum
Carissa caranda
Daedalacanthus nervosus
Duranta species
Erythrina blakei
Euphoriba cotinifolia
Euphoriba leucocephala
Ficus pand golden top
Franciscea bicolor
Galphimia nitida
Gerinium mix
Hibiscus viceroy
Hymenocallis
Hymenocallis speciosa
Hamelia Patens
Hawaiian hibiscus (pink)
Hawaiian hibiscus (Red)
Hawaiian hibiscus (violet)
Hawaiian hibiscus (white)
Hawaiian hibiscus (yellow)
Ixora Duffy
Justicai ovata
Jacobinia spps.
Jasminum grandiflora
Jathropa padurifolia
Lagerstromia theorelli
Leea coccinea burgandy
Leea coccinea green
Leucophyllum frutescens
Lavendula
Mussaenda erythrophylla
Murraya exotica
Nyctanthes arboritritis
Nerium oleander
Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum santum
Pennisetum reupelli
Pentas lanceolataelectra
Plumbago capensis (blue)
Pennisetum species
Plumbago Auriculata
Pogostemon patchouli
Pachystachs lutea
Pseddoranthem urn reticulatum
Polyscias balforiana
Rose Mary
Resselia juncea
Scented Gereniums mix
Tabarnamontana dwarf
Tagetes patula
Tabernaemontana coronaria
Tecoma Capensis
Tecoma Gaurichauri
Tecoma stans
Umbrella Palm
Yucca aloifolia
Ficus Panda
Heliconia pstittacorum
Ixora Dwarf
Spathyphyllum
Dianella
Ground cover
Wadelia trilobata
Altenethera (Red)
Asparagus sprengeri
Asparagus myreci
Catharanthus rosea
Chlorophytum comosum
Crassula argentea
Cuphea hyssopifolia (white)
Cuphea hyssoptfolia
Cuphea hyssopifolia (violet)
Cymbopogon flexosu
Duranta goldeana
Evovulutus
Juniperus Prostata
Lantana white
Lantana sellowiana
Nepnrolepis exaltata
Ophiopogon Jaburan (Dwarf)
Ophiopogon variegated
Puranta rapens Golden Dew
Portulaca (orange)
Rullia roea
Reinwardia trigyna
Reinwerdia indica
Scindapsus arueus gold
Syngonium spp.
Tradescantia zebrine pendula
Termalia ulmifolia
Vetveria zizanoides
Verbinas
Zaphranthes grandiflora (pink)
Miniature Lilly
Climbers/creepers
Adenocallyma allysia
Bougainvillea white
Bougainvillea shubra
Bignonia venusta
Bougainvillea spp.
Clerodendron splendens
Ficus repens
Fully grown Bouginvilla in 24" cement pot
Jacquemontia Violacea(blue)
Petrea vijbillis
Quisqualis indica
Thunbergia laurifolia
Tecoma grandifolia
Veromia elaegnifolia
Wisteria sinensis
Hedges
Clerodendron nermery
Murraya exotica
Putringava
Topiary
Ficus Black
Ficus Black
Ficus Yellow
Ficus Yellow
Ficus Panda
Ficus Panda
Ficus Longifolia
Bamboos
Jaint bamboo
Buddhaweli bamboo
Yellow bamboo
Green bamboo
Black bamboo
Bamboo grass
Cane Bamboo
Eatable Bamboo
Features
The architectural and development blueprint has been drafted by the prestigious New Delhi-based School of Planning and Architecture. The park has a long meandering walkway. There is an exclusive cycle track running over with cycle parking facility. Also, there are jogging track that can be used by professional athletes.
Burleigh Head is a small national park at Burleigh Heads in the City of Gold Coast in South East Queensland, Australia.
The Edison and Ford Winter Estates contain a historical museum and 21 acre botanical garden on the adjacent sites of the winter homes of Thomas Edison and Henry Ford beside the Caloosahatchee River in southwestern Florida. It is located at 2350 McGregor Boulevard, Fort Myers, Florida.
Expo Center is a light rail station on the MAX Yellow Line in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is the last stop northbound on the Interstate MAX extension.
Road signs in Sweden are regulated in Vägmärkesförordningen, VMF (2007:90), and are to be placed 2 metres from the road with the sign 1.6m from the base for motorized roads. Except for route numbers, there are a maximum of three signs on a pole, with the most important sign at the top. All signs have a reflective layer added on selected parts of the sign as is custom in European countries; most larger signs also have their own illumination.
Cubbon Park, officially called Sri Chamarajendra Park is a landmark 'lung' area of Bengaluru city, located within the heart of the city in the Central Administrative Area. Originally created in 1870, when Major General Richard Sankey was the then British Chief Engineer of Mysore state, it covered an area of 100 acres (0.40 km2) and subsequent expansion has taken place and the area reported now is about 300 acres (1.2 km2). It has a rich recorded history of abundant flora and fauna plantations coupled with numerous impressive and aesthetically located buildings and statues of famous personages, in its precincts.
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Chom Dong is a private estate and botanical garden near Hua Hin, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province, Thailand. It is not open to the public aside from infrequent special events.
Road signs in Finland are regulated in Tieliikenneasetus (5.3.1982/182).
Semmozhi Poonga is a botanical garden in Chennai set up jointly by the Horticulture and Agricultural Engineering department of the Government of Tamil Nadu. The garden was opened on 24 November 2010 by then chief Minister Dr.M. Karunanidhi and is the first botanical garden in the city. The garden is located in the Cathedral Road–Anna Salai junction, opposite the American Consulate, on the erstwhile Drive-in Woodlands Hotel. Encompassing an area of 20 acres, it was built at a cost of ₹ 80 million. More than 500 species of plants are being grown in the area, in addition to the 80 trees that was already in existence during the development of the park, some of them being more than 100 years old. The garden houses some of the popular exotic flora and rare plant species, medicinal and aromatic herbs. Many of the exotic plants are imported from countries like China and Thailand, including a plethora of bonsai varieties of ficus microcarpa and ficus ginseng.
The Park of Nurseries of Ulia lies at the neighbourhood of Ulía in Donostia-San Sebastián, extending over 14.500 m² at the start of the Walk of Ulia, in the crossing with Jose Elosegi street. It is also named Lore-Baratzak Park on account of the nurseries held inside, which provided the plants for the public gardens of Donostia-San Sebastián during all the 20th century and until 2008, when the city council moved these municipal nurseries to Lau Haizeta.
This is a list of plants found in the Sierra de Manantlán Biosphere Reserve. The reserve straddles the Mexican states of Colima and Jalisco. It is located in the transition between the Nearctic and Neotropical realms and encompasses parts of the Sierra Madre del Sur, with a wide range of altitudes, climates and soils. The effects of tectonic and volcanic activities and erosion are notable within the reserve.
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