For the American educational theorist and educator, see Janet Hale.
Janet Campbell Hale (January 11, 1946 – November 23, 2021) [1] was a Native American writer and professor. She was Coeur d'Alene and of Ktunaxa and Cree descent. In a sparse style that has been compared to Hemingway, [2] Hale's work often explored issues of Native American identity and discusses poverty, abuse, and the condition of women in society. She wrote Bloodlines: Odyssey of a Native Daughter (1993), which includes a discussion of the Native American experience as well as stories from her own life. She also wrote The Owl's Song (1974), The Jailing of Cecelia Capture (which was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in 1985), Women on the Run (1999), and Custer Lives in Humboldt County & Other Poems (1978). [3]
Janet Campbell Hale was born on January 11, 1946, in Riverside, California. [4] Her father, Nicholas Patrick Campbell, was a Coeur d'Alene Indian who became an American citizen after his service in the U.S. Army in the first world war, [5] and Margaret Sullivan Campbell, a Canadian with an Irish-Canadian father and a Kootenay/Cree mother. [6] [7] The family lived on the Coeur D'Alene reservation; while her siblings had been born on the reservation, a brother born the previous winter had only lived a few hours, so to avoid hazardous winter weather, the family temporarily relocated to southern California for Janet's birth and returned to northern Idaho in June 1946. [5] They lived on the reservation until 1956.
Hale attended high school in Wapato, Washington, before transferring to the Institute of American Indian Arts in Santa Fe, New Mexico. [7]
Hale won the Vincent Price Poetry Competition in 1963 and a New York Poetry Day award in 1964. [7] She contributed the poems "Red Eagle" and "Nespelim Man (a song)" to TheWhispering Wind: poetry by young American Indians, [8] in 1972.
In 1974, she published The Owl's Song, [9] a book for young adults telling the story of fourteen year old Billy White Hawk, who leaves his alcoholic father and moves from an Idaho reservation to live with his sister in California. He encounters prejudice from his fellow students and finds support from an art teacher and a tribal elder, who explains that for many tribes, the owl is the bringer of death and its song is despair; the title of the book comes from the elder's declaration "There is little left of what once was. The time is coming when even this will be gone, taken away. And we will be no more. The time is coming when the owl's song will be for our race." [10]
Capture is a major theme in Janet Campbell Hale's writing. The name of the protagonist in the eponymous Jailing of Cecelia Capture is named for capture, but is also both literally and figuratively captured at different points in the narrative. Part of the dynamics of Bloodlines is to invert the white narratives about the capture of white people by Native Americans, into an account of capture of Native peoples by European-descended people. [11] Escape and transformation of capture figure in several of her works.
Janet Campbell Hale taught at Northwest Indian College, [6] Iowa State University, College of Illinois, and University of California at Santa Cruz, [12] and has served as resident writer at University of Oregon and University of Washington. [6]
Hale died from complications associated with COVID-19 in Coeur d' Alene, Idaho, on November 23, 2021, at the age of 75.
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Kootenai County is located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, its population was 171,362, making it the third-most populous county in Idaho and the largest in North Idaho, the county accounting for 45.4% of the region's total population. The county seat and largest city is Coeur d'Alene. The county was established in 1864 and named after the Kootenai tribe. Kootenai County is coterminous with the Coeur d'Alene metropolitan area, which along with the Spokane metropolitan area comprises the Spokane–Coeur d'Alene combined statistical area.
Coeur d'Alene is a city and the county seat of Kootenai County, Idaho, United States. It is the most populous city in North Idaho and the principal city of the Coeur d'Alene Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 54,628 at the 2020 census. Coeur d'Alene is a satellite city of Spokane, which is located about thirty miles (50 km) to the west in the state of Washington. The two cities are the key components of the Spokane–Coeur d'Alene Combined Statistical Area, of which Coeur d'Alene is the third-largest city. The city is situated on the north shore of the 25-mile (40 km) long Lake Coeur d'Alene and to the west of the Coeur d'Alene Mountains. Locally, Coeur d'Alene is known as the "Lake City," or simply called by its initials, "CDA."
Mildred Bailey was a Native American jazz singer during the 1930s, known as "The Queen of Swing", "The Rockin' Chair Lady", and "Mrs. Swing". She recorded the songs "For Sentimental Reasons", "It's So Peaceful in the Country", "Doin' The Uptown Lowdown", "Trust in Me", "Where Are You?", "I Let a Song Go Out of My Heart", "Small Fry", "Please Be Kind", "Darn That Dream", "Rockin' Chair", "Blame It on My Last Affair", and "Says My Heart". She had three records that reached number one on the popular charts.
Coeur d'Alene may refer to a people and related place names in the northwestern United States:
The Spokane River is a tributary of the Columbia River, approximately 111 miles (179 km) long, in northern Idaho and eastern Washington in the United States. It drains a low mountainous area east of the Columbia, passing through the Spokane Valley and the city of Spokane, Washington.
The Coeur d'Alene Tribe are a Native American tribe and one of five federally recognized tribes in the state of Idaho.
The Coeur d'Alene Reservation is a Native American reservation in northwestern Idaho, United States. It is home to the federally recognized Coeur d'Alene, one of the five federally recognized tribes in the state.
The Idaho panhandle—locally known as North Idaho, Northern Idaho, or simply the Panhandle—is a salient region of the U.S. state of Idaho encompassing the state's 10 northernmost counties: Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone. The panhandle is bordered by the state of Washington to the west, Montana to the east, and the Canadian province of British Columbia to the north. The Idaho panhandle, along with Eastern Washington, makes up the region known as the Inland Northwest, headed by its largest city, Spokane, Washington.
The Spokan or Spokane people are a Native American Plateau tribe who inhabit the eastern portion of present-day Washington state and parts of northern Idaho in the United States of America.
The Duck Valley Indian Reservation was established in the 19th century for the federally recognized Shoshone-Paiute Tribe. It is isolated in the high desert of the western United States, and lies on the state line, the 42nd parallel, between Idaho and Nevada.
Al Rinker was an American musician who began his career as a teen performing with Bing Crosby in the early 1920s in Spokane, Washington. In 1925 the pair moved to Los Angeles, eventually forming the Rhythm Boys trio with Harry Barris.
De Smetdə SMET or dez-MET; is a census-designated place on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in Benewah County, Idaho, United States.
The Native Writers' Circle of the Americas (NWCA) is an organization of writers who identify as being Native American, First Nations, or of Native American ancestry.
Asiniiwin, translated Rocky Boy or Stone Child, was an important Chippewa leader who was chief of a band in Montana in the late 19th century and early 20th century. His advocacy for his people helped gain the establishment of what is called Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation in his honor. Formed from part of Fort Assiniboine, which was closed, it is located in Hill and Chouteau counties in north central Montana.
Idaho v. United States, 533 U.S. 262 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the United States, not the state of Idaho, held title to lands submerged under Lake Coeur d'Alene and the St. Joe River, and that the land was held in trust for the Coeur d'Alene Tribe as part of its reservation, and in recognition of the importance of traditional tribal uses of these areas for basic food and other needs.
The Coeur d'Alene Casino is a Native American gaming enterprise run by the Coeur d'Alene people on the Coeur d'Alene Reservation in Kootenai County, Idaho, United States, northwest of Worley. The resort includes two hotel towers, the Circling Raven Golf Club, multiple restaurants, and 100,000 square feet (9,300 m2) of casino floor space. The Coeur d'Alene Casino is currently one of the largest employers in the Idaho region.
Jeanne Givens is an American politician who served in the Idaho House of Representatives from the 4th district as a member of the Democratic Party. She is a member of the Coeur d'Alene tribe and was the first Native American woman elected to the Idaho House of Representatives. Givens was also the first Native American woman to run for a seat in the United States Congress.
Mary Louise Reed is an American politician and environmentalist. She served as a member of the Idaho Senate for the 4th district from 1984 to 1996.
The Jailing of Cecilia Capture is a novel by Janet Campbell Hale that was first published on March 1, 1985, by Random House.
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