Jigalong Community, Western Australia

Jigalong Western Australia
Jigalong
Coordinates	23°21′41″S120°47′01″E / 23.36139°S 120.78361°E / -23.36139; 120.78361
Population	289 (UCL 2021) [1]
Established	1907
Elevation	524 m (1,719 ft)
Area	111.6 km2 (43.1 sq mi)
Location	1,070 km (665 mi) NNE of Perth
LGA(s)	Shire of East Pilbara
State electorate(s)	Pilbara
Federal division(s)	Durack

Jigalong is a remote Aboriginal community of approximately 333 people located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The traditional owners of the land are the Martu people.

Location

Jigalong is in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, approximately 165 kilometres (103 mi) east of the town of Newman in the Shire of East Pilbara local government area. The community is located in an Aboriginal Lands Trust reserve on the western edge of the Little Sandy Desert. ^[2] The traditional owners of the land are the Martu people, represented by the Western Desert Lands Aboriginal Corporation. ^[3]

Demographics and facilities

The 2016 Australian census recorded the population of Jigalong as 333 people, of whom 87% were Aboriginal. ^[4]

The Jigalong Remote Community School provides education from kindergarten to Year 12 level, with six teachers for a student enrollment of around 120 children. ^[5]

The community has a medical centre run by the Puntukurnu Aboriginal Medical Services. ^[6] Patients with serious illnesses and injuries are usually flown to Port Hedland—400 kilometres (250 mi) north west of Jigalong—by the Royal Flying Doctor Service. ^[7]

In 2019, the Army Aboriginal Community Assistance Program, a joint project between National Indigenous Australians Agency (formerly the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet) and the Australian Army, commissioned the creation of a community-owned youth centre. They also facilitated the development of an outdoor barbecue setting, creek culvert, and public amenities block.

The community hosts a range of stakeholder facilities, including a BHP construction shed established by the mining company, and a women's centre run by Ashburton Aboriginal Corporation. ^[8]

History

Jigalong was established in 1907, as the location for a maintenance and rations store for workmen constructing the rabbit-proof fence. In the 1930s, it was used as a camel-breeding site, but this use was abandoned once the motor car superseded the camel as a mode of transport in the area.

In 1947, the land was granted to the Apostolic Church, which used it as a Christian mission. It developed the Aboriginal community.

The land was returned to the Australian government in 1969 as an Aboriginal reserve. It was granted to the Martu people in 1974. ^[9]

Native title

The community is covered by the registered Nyiyaparli Title claim (WC05/6). ^[10]

Town planning

Jigalong Layout Plan No.2 was prepared in accordance with State Planning Policy 3.2 Aboriginal Settlements. It was endorsed by the community in 2005 and the Western Australian Planning Commission in 2006. ^[11]

In popular culture

In the twentieth century, mixed-race Aboriginal children were often removed from their families and sent to distant camps, ostensibly for education and assimilation into European Australian life. Among them were sisters Molly Craig and Daisy of Jigalong, and their cousin Gracie. They were sent to the Moore River Native Settlement. Their escape from there, and the sisters' successful 1,600-kilometre (990 mi) trek back to Jigalong was described in the book Follow the Rabbit-Proof Fence , by Molly's daughter Doris Pilkington Garimara. She has written a trilogy about her family.

In 2002, Garimara's book was adapted as a film, Rabbit-Proof Fence , directed by Phillip Noyce. The film's world premiere was held in Jigalong. ^[12] It received a positive reception for its portrayal of the Stolen Generations, as such children were called.

References

1. Australian Bureau of Statistics (28 June 2022). "Jigalong (urban centre and locality)". Australian Census 2021. 
2. Jigalong Community Layout Plan No. 2 Planning Report & Provisions Archived 26 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine , Western Australian Planning Commission, September 2005.
3. "Jigalong". Indigenous.gov.au. Australian Government. 5 October 2016. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
4. Australian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). "Jigalong (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 26 July 2019.
5. Jigalong Remote Community School Archived 18 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine , TeachLive, 2005.
6. Jigalong Health Centre Archived 28 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine , Puntukurnu Aboriginal Medical Services, 2019.
7. The Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (RFDS) and the people we are proud to serve, Royal Flying Doctor Service, 12 February 2008.
8. Jigalong Women's Community Centre Archived 27 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine , Ashburton Aboriginal Corporation, 2019.
9. Education and School — State Records Office Archived 14 June 2005 at the Wayback Machine , State Records Office of Western Australia.
10. "Australian Manganese Pty Ltd/Western Australia/David Stock and Others on behalf of the Nyiyaparli People, [2008] NNTTA 38" (PDF). National Native Title Tribunal. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 26 November 2019.
11. "Layout plans". Department of Planning, Lands and Heritage. 20 February 2020. Archived from the original on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
12. Thompson, Peter: Film: Rabbit-Proof Fence Archived 28 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine , Sunday (Nine Network), 24 February 2002.