Neolamprologus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to the alkaline waters of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. It is a popular aquarium fish kept in the fishkeeping hobby, where it is known under a variety of common names including Princess cichlid, Princess of Burundi, Lyretail cichlid, Fairy cichlid and Brichard's lamprologus. In addition, the species is also the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour. It is closely related to N. pulcher from the southern half of Lake Tanganyika and some have recommended merging the two into a single species.
Maylandia lombardoi, is a 13 centimetres (5.1 in) long freshwater fish from the family Cichlidae. This species is popular in the aquarium hobby where it is sold under a variety of common names including: lombardoi mbuna, kenyi mbuna or kennyi mbuna or kenyi cichlid. This species is sometimes seen in the genus Metriaclima owing to a dispute in which a minority of cichlid researchers do not consider Maylandia valid (see Maylandia for discussion. The specific name honours the exotic fish dealer John Lombardo.
Cyrtocara moorii, commonly known as the hump-head, is a species of haplochromine cichlid endemic to Lake Malawi in east Africa where they prefer areas with sandy substrates. It can grow to a length of 20 centimetres (7.9 in) TL. The species is popular among aquarium keepers where it is known as the hump-head cichlid, blue dolphin cichlid, Malawi dolphin or simply as moorii. It is currently the only known member of its genus. The specific name honours the English cytologist and biologist John Edmund Sharrock Moore (1870-1947).
Neolamprologus leleupi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it occurs throughout the lake. It is a recess-dweller, inhabiting cracks and crevices. It feeds on invertebrates living in the rich biocover of the substrate. This species reaches a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. The color of this fish ranges from bright yellow to deep brown. Both color variations exist at each location where this species is found. This relatively small cichlid is a substrate spawner. It is easily confused with the very similar N. longior a fish also endemic to Lake Tanganyika. The specific name honours the Belgian entomologist Narcisse Leleup (1912-2001), who collected the type.
Grammatotria lemairii is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it prefers areas with sandy substrates. This species can reach a length of 26 centimetres (10 in) TL. It is currently the only known member of its genus. The species is occasionally kept as an aquarium fish. The specific name honours Lieutenant Charles Lemaire (1863-1925) who was the leader of the Congo Free State Expedition, which collected specimens of fishes at Lake Tanganyika, including the type of G. lemairii.
Reganochromis calliurus is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. It lives over a sandy substrate in deeper coastal waters, to depths of at least 60 m (200 ft). Its preferred diet consists mostly of shrimp. It can reach a total length of 15 cm (5.9 in). This fish can also be found in the aquarium trade. It is currently the only known member of its genus.
Cardiopharynx schoutedeni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. It is found in Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, and Zambia. This semi-pelagic fish prefers habitats over sandy bottoms where it feeds on aquatic microorganisms. It can reach a length of 15 centimetres (5.9 in) TL. It is also found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the Belgian zoologist Henri Schouteden (1881-1972) who was director of Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale in Tervuren and who was one of the first zoologists to collect this species.
Cunningtonia longiventralis is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in East Africa where it is found near rocky shores. It eats floating plankton. This species reaches a length of 14 centimetres (5.5 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. As of 2011 it is the only known member of its genus. The generic name honours the British zoologist and anthropologist William Alfred Cunnington (1877-1958), the leader of the expedition to Lake Tanganyika during which type was collected.
Julidochromis dickfeldi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika in Africa where it is only known from the southwestern portion. This species inhabits areas with rock/rubble substrates, each fish maintaining a territory around a crevice or crack. This species reaches a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) TL.
The blue mbuna is a species of cichlid found in Lake Malawi where it inhabits areas with rocky substrates. This species can reach a length of 30 centimetres (12 in) SL. This species is important to local commercial fisheries as well as being found in the aquarium trade. Some of its mottled forms are sometimes known as marmalade cat.
Lepidiolamprologus kendalli is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika preferring rocky areas. This carnivorous species preys upon fish. This species can reach a length of 18 centimetres (7.1 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
William's mbuna, also known as ice blue zebra mbuna or ice blue zebra or the Pseudotropheus ice blue among the aquarium enthusiasts, is a species of cichlid fish endemic to Lake Malawi where it is only found at Makokola in the southeastern arm of the lake. This species can reach a length of 13.4 centimetres (5.3 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the German ornamental fish importer Alfons Greshake.
Lepidiolamprologus boulengeri is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is known from the Tanzanian coast in the northern part of the lake. Pairs of this species live together in their territory and the female lives in snail shells in a pit that they have dug in the sand. This species can reach a length of 6.2 centimetres (2.4 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.
Neolamprologus christyi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. This species can reach a length of 13.7 centimetres (5.4 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. This cichlid's specific name honours the British naturalist and explorer Cuthbert Christy (1863-1932) who worked for the Belgian Governemant and who collected the type in either 1926 or 1927.
Paracyprichromis brieni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is only known to occur in the northernmost portion of the lake. It can reach a length of 11 centimetres (4.3 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the author, Max Poll's, friend and fellow zoologist Paul Brien (1928-1964) of the Université libre de Bruxelles.
The threadfin cichlid is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika found in areas with rocky substrates on which it can graze on algae. This species can reach a length of 18 cm (7.1 in). It can be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name of this cichlid honours the British ichthyologist Ethelwynn Trewavas (1900-1993).
Spathodus marlieri is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is only known from the northern portion of the lake. This species prefers areas with rocky substrates in very shallow waters to a depth of about 2 metres (6.6 ft). This species can reach a length of 10 centimetres (3.9 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the Belgian zoologist Georges Marlier.
Tropheus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it is found in areas with substrates of solid rock in the central portion of the lake. This species can reach a length of 10 cm (3.9 in). It can be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours Pierre Brichard (1921–1990) the aquarium fish exporter who provided the authors with the type.
Tropheus duboisi, the white spotted cichlid, is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika. It can reach a length of 12 cm (4.7 in).
Xenotilapia boulengeri is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika where it occurs in schools in areas with sandy substrates. Its diet consists of small shrimps and copepods. This species can reach a length of 15.3 centimetres (6.0 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade. The specific name honours the Belgian-British zoologist George Albert Boulenger (1858-1937), in recognition of his world on the fishes of Lake Tanganyika.
