Kalophrynus yongi

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Kalophrynus yongi
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Microhylidae
Genus: Kalophrynus
Species:
K. yongi
Binomial name
Kalophrynus yongi
Matsui  [ fr ], 2009 [2]
Malaysia relief location map.jpg
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Kalophrynus yongi is only known from near the top of Gunung Brinchang in Peninsular Malaysia

Kalophrynus yongi is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae, also known as the Cameron Highland sticky frog. [1] [3] [4] It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and is only known from its type locality near the top of Gunung Brinchang (=Mount Brinchang), in the Cameron Highlands, Pahang state. [1] [3] The specific name yongi honours Dr. Yong Hoi-Sen, a zoologist from the University of Malaya. [2]

Contents

Description

Adult males measure 29–31 mm (1.1–1.2 in) in snout–vent length; the size of females is unknown. The overall appearance is stocky. The head is triangular, wider than it is long. The snout is obtusely pointed in dorsal view and truncate in profile. The canthus rostralis is distinct, as is the tympanum. The forelimbs are comparatively long and very stout; the fingers have rounded tips and slight basal webbing. The hind limbs are moderately long; the toes have rounded tips and poorly developed webbing. The dorsal ground color varies from light orange brown to dark chocolate brown. There are obscure dark markings. The venter is dirty cream, dusted with brown on the throat. Males have a single subgular vocal sac. [2]

The male advertisement call is an intermittently emitted, soft "ting". [2]

Habitat and conservation

The type series was collected from a mossy cloud forest at elevations of 1,954–1,991 m (6,411–6,532 ft) above sea level. [1] [2] Adults are camouflaged and burrow into mosses, making them difficult to find. [1] The diet includes spiders, grasshoppers, and weevils. [2] Eggs and tadpoles have been found in a large cup of the pitcher plant Nepenthes macfarlanei , and tadpoles in a water-filled tree stump. [1] [2]

Suitable mossy forests are only found on the top of the mountain and the species is likely to be a micro-endemic, not to be found more widely. The habitat is threatened by tourist activities (hiking, expanding tourist facilities). Moreover, there is illegal collection of slipper orchids that could disturb the habitat. The population occurs within the Gunung Brinchang Forest Reserve. [1]

Related Research Articles

<i>Kalophrynus</i> Genus of amphibians

Kalophrynus is a genus of microhylid frogs. It is the only genus in the subfamily Kalophryninae. The species in this genus are found in southern China, in Southeast Asia to Java and Philippines, and in Assam, India.

Ansonia platysoma, also known as the flat-bodied slender toad and Luidan stream toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to the island of Borneo and known from Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia, and from Brunei. Its closest relative is Ansonia kelabitensis.

Hamptophryne alios is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is known from three localities in the southwestern Amazon Basin of Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru. This species used to constitute the monotypic genus Altigius, but molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown it to be close relative of the then-monotypic Hamptophryne, and the two genera have been merged.

Glyphoglossus minutus, also known as the minute narrow-mouthed frog, is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. The specific name minutus alludes to the small size of this species. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and only known from four localities in the state of Pahang: two inside the Taman Negara National Park, one in the Krau Wildlife Reserve, and Gunung Senyum. It probably occurs more widely in central Peninsular Malaysia.

Kalophrynus baluensis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Mount Kinabalu in Sabah.

Kalophrynus eok is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Borneo and currently only known from its type locality in the Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, Malaysia, but presumably, it also occurs in the adjacent Kalimantan, Indonesia. The specific name eok is Kelabit for "tiny" and refers to the small size of this species. Common names eok sticky frog and small Bario sticky frog have been coined for it.

Kalophrynus intermedius is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is found in Brunei, south-central Sarawak (Malaysia), and Kalimantan (Indonesia). Common names intermediate sticky frog, Sarawak grainy frog, and Mengiong sticky frog have been proposed for it.

Kalophrynus menglienicus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is known from the vicinity of its type locality in Menglian County in southern Yunnnan, China, and from northern Vietnam; it is likely to occur in adjacent Myanmar and northern Laos. Common names Menglien grainy frog, Menglien narrow-mouthed frog, and Menglien dwarf sticky frog have been coined for this species, in reference to the type locality, as is the specific name menglienicus.

Kalophrynus minusculus is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Indonesia and occurs on extreme western Java and on the southeastern tip of Sumatra. It is a relatively small frog, as suggested by its specific name minusculus and vernacular names small sticky frog and dwarf sticky frog.

Kalophrynus nubicola is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Sarawak in Malaysian Borneo and is only known from the Gunung Mulu National Park. The specific name nubicola means "dwelling in cloud". Common names blue-spotted sticky frog and mossy-forest sticky frog has been coined for this species.

Kalophrynus robinsoni is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Pahang in central Peninsular Malaysia. The specific name robinsoni honours Herbert C. Robinson, a British zoologist and ornithologist. This poorly known species has not been reported since 1922.

Kalophrynus subterrestris is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It endemic to Borneo where it is known from Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), although it is also presumed to be present in Kalimantan (Indonesia) and Brunei. Common names burrowing grainy frog and Labang sticky frog have been coined for this species.

Microhyla borneensis, also known as the Matang narrow-mouthed frog, is a species of microhylid frog found in the Matang Range in Sarawak, Borneo. It was once the smallest known frog from the Old World. Adult males of this species have a snout-vent length (SVL) of 10.6–12.8 mm (0.42–0.50 in), but adult males can reach a maximum of 13 mm (0.51 in),and adult females of this species have a snout-vent length of 16–19 mm (0.63–0.75 in), Tadpoles measure just 3 mm.

Microhyla karunaratnei is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to southern Sri Lanka. It is also known as the Karunaratne's narrow-mouth frog or Karunaratne's narrow-mouthed frog. The specific name karunaratnei honours G. Punchi Banda Karunaratne, a Sri Lankan naturalist.

<i>Aphantophryne nana</i> Species of amphibian

Aphantophryne nana is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Philippines and is known with certainty only from the island of Camiguin. It is unclear whether similar frogs from northeast Mindanao are referable to this species. It was described as Oreophryne nana, but based on molecular data it was moved to Aphantophryne in 2017. Common names Camiguin cross frog, Camiguin narrow-mouthed frog, and volcano cross frog have been coined for the species.

Phrynobatrachus irangi is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to Kenya and is known only from two localities, its type locality, the eponymous Irangi Forest on the south-eastern slopes of Mount Kenya, and Kimande on the south-eastern slopes of the Aberdare Range. Common name Irangi puddle frog has been coined for it.

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<i>Kaloula latidisca</i> Species of amphibian

Kaloula latidisca, also known as wide-disked narrow-mouthed frog, wide-disked painted frog, wide-disked bullfrog, Malaya painted bullfrog, Malayan painted bullfrog, and Malay painted sticky frog, is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Malay Peninsula and occurs in southern Myanmar, Peninsular Thailand, and (northern) Peninsular Malaysia. The specific name latidisca refers to the comparatively wide finger discs of this frog. Kaloula latidisca is most similar to Kaloula baleata and Kaloula indochinensis.

Leptobrachella bondangensis is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Central Kalimantan, in the Indonesian part of Borneo, and is only known from its eponymous type locality, Mount Bondang in the Murung Raya Regency. Common name Bondang dwarf litter frog has been coined for this species.

Pelophryne penrissenensis, also known as Penrissen dwarf toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is endemic to Borneo and only known from Mount Penrissen in Sarawak, its type locality that also gave this species its specific name. Its actual range might be wider and extend into nearby Kalimantan (Indonesia). It is the sister taxon of Pelophryne signata.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2018). "Kalophrynus yongi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018: e.T46981005A46981046. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T46981005A46981046.en . Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Matsui, Masafumi (2009). "A new species of Kalophrynus with a unique male humeral spine from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae)". Zoological Science. 26 (8): 579–585. doi:10.2108/zsj.26.579. hdl: 2433/216890 . PMID   19719411. S2CID   20269424.
  3. 1 2 Frost, Darrel R. (2018). "Kalophrynus yongi Matsui, 2009". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  4. ↑ Zug, George R. (2015). "Morphology and systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus–pleurostigma populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a taxonomy of the genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian sticky frogs". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. Series 4. 62 (5): 135–190.
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