Kaloula latidisca

Last updated

Kaloula latidisca
Kaloula latidisca by Rushen (cropped).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura
Family: Microhylidae
Genus: Kaloula
Species:
K. latidisca
Binomial name
Kaloula latidisca
Chan, Grismer  [ fr ], and Brown  [ fr ], 2014 [2]

Kaloula latidisca, also known as wide-disked narrow-mouthed frog, [1] [3] [4] wide-disked painted frog, [3] [5] wide-disked bullfrog, [3] Malaya painted bullfrog, [4] Malayan painted bullfrog, [3] and Malay painted sticky frog, [6] is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Malay Peninsula and occurs in southern Myanmar, Peninsular Thailand, and (northern) Peninsular Malaysia. [3] [5] [6] The specific name latidisca refers to the comparatively wide finger discs of this frog. Kaloula latidisca is most similar to Kaloula baleata and Kaloula indochinensis . [2]

Contents

Description

Adult males measure 49–56 mm (1.9–2.2 in) in snout–vent length. [2] An immature female measured 42 mm (1.7 in) SVL. [6] The overall appearance is robust. The head is wider than it is long. The eyes are large. The tympanum is covered by skin and not visible. The supratympanic fold is present. The finger tips are expanded into large, transversely expanded discs, whereas the toe discs are small and rounded. The fingers have no webbing whereas the toes are partially webbed. The dorsal colouration is gray-brown. There is a pale interorbital bar. Symmetrical, broad, wavy stripes start from the posterior edge of upper eyelid and extend dorsolaterally to the scapular region, fading posteriorly. The dorsal surfaces, apart from the dorsolateral stripes, are scattered with small, irregular, black blotches. The ventrum is brown with faint, light reticulations. The gular region is blackish and covered with small, light spots. [2]

Habitat and conservation

The type series was collected at night on tree trunks or in tree holes 2–3 m above ground, [2] whereas the immature female was found in a field near a village. [6] Zug (2022) classifies Kaloula latidisca as a terrestrial frog inhabiting both primary and secondary forests. [5] It probably breeds in ephemeral pools, as closely related Kaloula baleata does. [1] [2]

Although Kaloula latidisca is probably tolerant to habitat disturbance, large-scale logging is a potential threat to this species. The type locality is within the Ulu Muda Forest Reserve, bot logging takes place inside the reserve. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Banded bullfrog</span> Species of frog

The banded bullfrog is a species of frog in the narrow-mouthed frog family Microhylidae. Native to Southeast Asia, it is also known as the Asian painted frog, digging frog, Malaysian bullfrog, common Asian frog, and painted balloon frog. In the pet trade, it is sometimes called the chubby frog. Adults measure 5.4 to 7.5 cm and have a dark brown back with stripes that vary from copper-brown to salmon pink.

<i>Kalophrynus</i> Genus of amphibians

Kalophrynus is a genus of microhylid frogs. It is the only genus in the subfamily Kalophryninae. The species in this genus are found in southern China, in Southeast Asia to Java and Philippines, and in Assam, India.

<i>Kaloula</i> Genus of amphibians

Kaloula is a genus of microhylid frogs found in southern and eastern Asia. They are sometimes known as the Asian narrowmouth toads.

<i>Kaloula baleata</i> Species of amphibian

Kaloula baleata, the flower pot toad or sometimes the smooth-fingered narrow-mouthed frog, is a species of narrow-mouthed toad. It is native to India, Borneo, Indochinese Peninsula, Java, Malay Peninsula and Philippines where it lives in lowland rainforests and is tolerant of disturbed sites. The IUCN lists it as being of "Least Concern".

<i>Uperodon taprobanicus</i> Species of amphibian

Uperodon taprobanicus, also known as the Sri Lankan bullfrog, Sri Lankan painted frog, Sri Lankan kaloula, Ceylon kaloula, Indian painted frog, or painted globular frog, is a species of narrow-mouthed frog found in Nepal, Bangladesh, southern and eastern India, and Sri Lanka up to an altitude of about 1300 metres. It can grow to an adult length of up to 75 millimetres(7.5 cm) long from snout to vent. It was originally described as a subspecies of Kaloula pulchra, ssp. taprobanica. The IUCN lists it as being of "Least Concern".

<i>Pristimantis leptolophus</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis leptolophus is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and known from the páramos of the Colombian Massif and Cordillera Central in the departments of Cauca and Huila. The specific name leptolophus is derived from Greek leptos ("thin") and lophos ("crest") and refers to the low dorsolateral folds of this frog. Common name volcano robber frog has been coined for it.

<i>Pristimantis uranobates</i> Species of frog

Pristimantis uranobates is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Colombia and occurs in the Cordillera Central as well as on the western slopes of Cordillera Occidental in Tolima, Quindío, Caldas, Risaralda, and Antioquia Departments. The specific name uranobates is derived from Greek ouranos and bates, meaning "one who haunts the heavens". This refers to "the lofty habitat of the species in the Los Nevados district of Colombia". Common name Caldas robber frog has been coined for it.

Kalophrynus intermedius is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is found in Brunei, south-central Sarawak (Malaysia), and Kalimantan (Indonesia). Common names intermediate sticky frog, Sarawak grainy frog, and Mengiong sticky frog have been proposed for it.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philippine narrowmouth toad</span> Species of amphibian

The Philippine narrowmouth toad or the truncate-toed chorus frog is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, rivers, intermittent rivers, freshwater lakes, intermittent freshwater lakes, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, heavily degraded former forest, water storage areas, ponds, irrigated land, and seasonally flooded agricultural land. It is threatened by habitat loss.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kalinga narrowmouth toad</span> Species of amphibian

The Kalinga narrowmouth toad is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Philippines. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, arable land, pastureland, and plantations. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Kaloula walteri is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to the Philippines, where it is found in the mountains of southeastern Luzon Island and Polillo Island. The specific name walteri honors Walter C. Brown, an American herpetologist. Common name Walter's narrow-mouthed frog has been proposed for it. Kaloula walteri is most closely related to Kaloula rigida.

Ptychadena tournieri is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae. It is a widespread species in West Africa and found in Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Ivory Coast, as well as in Togo and Benin; it is assumed to occur in Ghana and southeastern Burkina Faso, although it has not been recorded there. On the other hand, some records may refer to other species; the Amphibian Species of the World excludes Gambia and Togo from the distribution. Common names Liberia grassland frog and Tournier's rocket frog are sometimes used.

<i>Nyctixalus pictus</i> Species of amphibian

Nyctixalus pictus, also known as cinnamon frog, cinnamon treefrog, cinnamon bush frog, painted Indonesian treefrog, and white-spotted treefrog, etc., is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula, the Philippines, and parts of the Greater Sunda Islands.

Theloderma phrynoderma is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Myanmar and known from two widely separated localities: Thao, its type locality in the Karen Hills in south-central Myanmar where it was collected by Leonardo Fea in 1888, and the Tanintharyi Nature Reserve in southern Myanmar near the Thai border where it was collected in 2009–2010. Common name Burmese bug-eyed frog has been coined for it.

Kaloula indochinensis is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is found in Indochina, in southern Vietnam, eastern Cambodia, and southern to central Laos. Prior to its being described, it was confused with Kaloula baleata.

Kaloula aureata, also known as the golden burrowing frog or golden bullfrog, is a species of frogs in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to southern Thailand with records from the Surat Thani and Nakhon Si Thammarat provinces. The validity of this poorly known species has been questioned, and Ohler (2003) tentatively considered it synonym of Kaloula pulchra macrocephala. However, following Pauwels and Chérot (2006), it is now recognized as a valid species.

Kaloula nonggangensis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to China, where it is so far only known from the vicinity of its type locality in Nonggang National Nature Reserve in Longzhou County, southwestern Guangxi. Its range might extend into nearby Vietnam. Common name Nonggang narrow-mouthed frog has been coined for it.

Kalophrynus yongi is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae, also known as the Cameron Highland sticky frog. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia and is only known from its type locality near the top of Gunung Brinchang, in the Cameron Highlands, Pahang state. The specific name yongi honours Dr. Yong Hoi-Sen, a zoologist from the University of Malaya.

<i>Mantophryne insignis</i> Species of frog

Mantophryne insignis is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is endemic to Woodlark Island in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. The specific name insignis is Latin meaning "remarkable" or "conspicuous". It refers to the distinctive colour pattern of this frog, as well as to its unusual arboreal lifestyle within predominantly terrestrial genus.

Pulchrana centropeninsularis is a species of "true frog", family Ranidae. It is found in Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra (Indonesia). The specific name centropeninsularis refers to the area of its original discovery, the state of Pahang in the central Peninsular Malaysia. Later on, it has also been recorded in the province of Jambi in east-central Sumatra. Pulchrana centropeninsularis is a rare species known from few individuals only. Prior to its description, Pulchrana centropeninsularis was confused with Pulchrana siberu, its closest relative.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. (2020) [amended version of 2018 assessment]. "Kaloula latidisca". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T73727026A176530242. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T73727026A176530242.en . Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Chan, Kin Onn; Grismer, L. Lee & Brown, Rafe M. (2014). "Reappraisal of the Javanese Bullfrog complex, Kaloula baleata (Müller, 1836) (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae), reveals a new species from Peninsular Malaysia". Zootaxa. 3900 (4): 569–580. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3900.4.7. PMID   25543757.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Frost, Darrel R. (2022). "Kaloula latidisca Chan, Grismer, and Brown, 2014". Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1. American Museum of Natural History. doi:10.5531/db.vz.0001 . Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  4. 1 2 "Kaloula latidisca". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  5. 1 2 3 Zug, George R. (2022). "Amphibians and reptiles of Myanmar: Checklists and keys: I. Amphibians, crocodilians, and turtles". Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 653: 1–113 [30]. doi: 10.5479/si.19098995 .
  6. 1 2 3 4 Mulcahy, Daniel G.; Lee, Justin L.; Miller, Aryeh H.; Chand, Mia; Thura, Myint Kyaw & Zug, George R. (2018). "Filling the BINs of life: Report of an amphibian and reptile survey of the Tanintharyi (Tenasserim) Region of Myanmar, with DNA barcode data". ZooKeys (757): 85–152. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.757.24453 . PMC   5958176 . PMID   29780268.