Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes parliamentary election, 1923

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Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes parliamentary election, 1923

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←  1920 March 18, 1923 1925  →
All 312 seats to the National Assembly
157 seats were needed for a majority
Turnout 73.3%

 First partySecond partyThird party
  Nikola Pasic.jpg Bundesarchiv Bild 183-2010-0420-502, Stefan Radic, cropped.jpg Ljubimir davidovic.jpg
Leader Nikola Pašić Stjepan Radić Ljubomir Davidović
Party NRS HSS DS
Leader's seat?Ludbreg?
Last election91 seats, 17.7%50 seats, 12.4%92 seats, 19.9%
Seats won1087051
Seat changeIncrease2.svg17Increase2.svg20Decrease2.svg41
Popular vote562,213473,733400,342
Percentage25.9%21.9%18.5%
SwingIncrease2.svg8.2%Increase2.svg9.5%Decrease2.svg1.4%
Prime Minister before election

Nikola Pašić
NRS

Elected Prime Minister

Nikola Pašić
NRS

Yugoslavia
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This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Yugoslavia
Administrative divisions

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes on 18 March 1923. [1] The seats were divided up by the political borders which existed before the Kingdom's formation and distributed using the population statistics of 1910.

Contents

According to a TIME Magazine article published in the next week of the election, the poll was marred by voter intimidation by the military police, suppression of the opposition and the disenfranchisement of ethnic minorities like the Hungarians and the Turks. [2]

Military police Police organization part of the military of a state

Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state.

Hungarians Ethnic group

Hungarians, also known as Magyars, are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history and language. Hungarians belong to the Uralic-speaking peoples. There are an estimated 14.2–14.5 million ethnic Hungarians and their descendants worldwide, of whom 9.6 million live in today's Hungary. About 2.2 million Hungarians live in areas that were part of the Kingdom of Hungary before the Treaty of Trianon and are now parts of Hungary's seven neighbouring countries, especially Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia and Austria. Significant groups of people with Hungarian ancestry live in various other parts of the world, most of them in the United States, Canada, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Brazil, Australia, and Argentina. Hungarians can be classified into several subgroups according to local linguistic and cultural characteristics; subgroups with distinct identities include the Székelys, the Csángós, the Palóc, the Matyó and the Jász people, the last being considered an Iranic ethnic group being closely related to the Ossetians.

Turkish people or the Turks, also known as Anatolian Turks, are a Turkic ethnic group and nation living mainly in Turkey and speaking Turkish, the most widely spoken Turkic language. They are the largest ethnic group in Turkey, as well as by far the largest ethnic group among the speakers of Turkic languages. Ethnic Turkish minorities exist in the former lands of the Ottoman Empire. In addition, a Turkish diaspora has been established with modern migration, particularly in Western Europe.

After the elections, an opposition Federalist Bloc was formed from the Croatian Republican Peasant Party, Slovenian People's Party and Yugoslav Muslim Organization. [3]

Yugoslav Muslim Organization was a Bosniak political party in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, later in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. It was founded in Sarajevo on the 16 February 1919 and was led by Mehmed Spaho. The party was a successor of Muslimanska Narodna Organizacija, a conservative Bosniak party founded in 1906 during the Austro-Hungarian era. The Muslim National Organization was itself a successor of the conservative Bosniak "Movement for waqf and educational autonomy" that goes back to 1887. In election campaigns the JMO did mobilize on religious slogans rather than Bosniak nationality, calling failure of Muslims to vote for the party as a sin. The party had considerable influence in Islamic religious institutions, and JMO came to dominate the political life in Bosnia. The party appealed to Muslims throughout Yugoslavia, urging them not to migrate to Turkey.

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
People's Radical Party 562,21325.8108+17
Croatian Peasant Party 473,73321.870+20
Democratic Party 400,34218.451–41
Agrarian Party 153,5797.010–29
Slovene People's Party–Croatian Popular Party 126,3785.821–
Yugoslav Muslim Organization 112,2285.218–6
Džemijet 71,4533.314+6
Socialist Party of Yugoslavia 48,3372.22–8
German Party 43,4152.08New
Independent Workers' Party24,3211.10New
Republican Party 18,9410.90–3
Ante Trumbić List16,2090.72+1
Serbian Party 15,2360.71New
Bunjevac-Šokac Party 12,7930.63–
Independent Agrarian Party 11,0230.51New
Montenegrin Federalist Party 8,5610.42New
Party of Rights 8,0890.40–2
Romanian Party 7,0700.31New
Croatian Agrarian Party 5,4680.20–7
People's Socialist Party 4,0640.20–2
Liberal Party 3,3840.20–1
Others50,0142.30–
Total2,177,051100312–107
Registered voters/turnout2,971,37073.3––
Source: Nohlen et al.

Elected representatives

Mihailo Ivanović was a Montenegrin politician in the early 20th century. He was the president of the People's Party from 1907 to 1918. After unification, he was disappointed and had become an important leader of the Montenegrin Federalist Party in the assembly of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and then a World War II Nazi collaborator.

The Montenegrin Federalist Party, sometimes known simply as the Montenegrin Party, was a Montenegrin political party in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia which stood for preservation of Montenegrin autonomy and a decentralized federalised Yugoslavia. It pursued the ideology of the Greens who lost the Christmas Uprising, but in a peaceful and democratic manner. Its best known leader was Sekula Drljević.

Bunjevac-Šokac Party was a political party of Croats the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, part of province of Bačka.

Modruš-Rijeka electoral district with Krk and Kastav

Croatian Peasant Party political party

The Croatian Peasant Party is a centrist political party in Croatia founded on December 22, 1904 by Antun and Stjepan Radić as Croatian Peoples' Peasant Party (HPSS). Brothers Radić considered that the realization of Croatian statehood was possible within Austria-Hungary, but that it had to be reformed into a Monarchy divided into three equal parts – Austria, Hungary, Croatia. After the creation of Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1918, Party requested for the Croatian part of the Kingdom to be based on self-determination. This brought them great public support which columned in 1920 parliamentary election when HPSS won all 58 seats assigned to Croatia.

The Yugoslav Democratic Party, State Party of Serbian, Croatian and Slovene Democrats and Democratic Party was the name of a series of liberal political parties that existed in succession in the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Požega electoral district

Šibenik-Zadar electoral district [4]

Syrmia electoral district

Kotor-Dubrovnik-Split electoral district

Varaždin electoral district with Međimurje

Virovitica electoral district

Zagreb electoral district

City of Zagreb electoral district

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References

  1. ↑ Dieter Nohlen, Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Klaus Landfried (1969) Die Wahl der Parlamente und andere Staatsorgane, Walter de Gruyter, p783
  2. ↑ Balkan Politics, TIME Magazine , March 31, 1923
  3. ↑ I.Banjac: Hrvati i Bošnjaci
  4. ↑ M. MAROJA, Pobuna pristaša HRSS-a Novigrada 1924. godine protiv velikosrpske politike, Rad. Zavoda povij. znan. HAZU Zadru, sv. 48/2006., str. 631–644.
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