Kukawa | |
|---|---|
  Kukawa Location in Nigeria | |
| Coordinates: 12°55′N13°34′E / 12.917°N 13.567°E | |
| Country |  Nigeria |
| State | Borno State |
| Founded | 1814 |
| Population (2006) | |
| • Total | 203,864 |
 | |
Kukawa (Kanuri for "Baobabs"), formerly Kuka ("Baobab"), is a town and Local Government Area in the northeastern Nigerian state of Borno, close to Lake Chad.
The town was founded as Kuka in 1814 by Shehu Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi of the Bornu Empire. He intended for it to serve as his capital after the fall of the previous capital, Ngazargamu. [1] The town was the end of one of the main trans-Saharan trade routes to Tripoli on the Mediterranean coast. [2] It was visited by German explorer Heinrich Barth in 1851 who travelled from Tripoli seeking to open trade with Europe and explore Africa, [1] and again in 1892 by the French explorer Parfait-Louis Monteil, who was checking the borders between areas of West Africa assigned to the French and the British by the Treaty of Berlin. [3]
Historically the town was much larger than today, with a population estimated by the British at 50,000-60,000 in the late nineteenth-century. In the 19th-century, the expansion of a extramural suburb on the Dendal, the town's main road, caused the settlement to function as two towns, Kuka Futebe (Kanuri: "West Town") and Kuka Gedibe ("East Town"). [4] : 125 The two towns were separated by a distance of about a kilometer or a half a mile. The Shehu and "other important persons" lived in the eastern town. [4] : 109 The dual settlement gradually caused the Kuka to be known as Kukawa, the plural form of its own name. The towns were captured and sacked in 1893 by the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr, and then by the British in 1902.
On 16 January 2015, "caretaker chairman of Kukawa Local Government Area, Musa Alhaji Bukar Kukawa", speaking on behalf of the Kukawa residents who were displaced to Maiduguri following the 2015 Baga massacre, "called on the federal government to intensify military operations so that they can return to their homes." [5] A massacre occurred in Kukawa in July 2015.
Hundreds of Kukawa citizens were held hostage by the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP) in August 2020. Two million people in Borno have been displaced from their homes over the past ten years; many live in squalid conditions in Maiduguri. [6]
Kukawa is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria. [7] Other towns in the Kukawa Local Government Area include Cross Kauwa and Baga.
The weather is dry, with brief summers and pleasant winters, with temperatures between 59°F and 107°F and infrequently falling below 53°F or rising over 112°F. [8] [9]
Heat waves, extreme weather, and rising temperatures are caused by climate change, although its effects are not uniform worldwide. [10]
The Kanem–Bornu Empire existed in areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya and Chad. It was known to the Arabian geographers as the Kanem Empire from the 8th century AD onward and lasted as the independent kingdom of Bornu until 1900.
Yola, meaning 'Great Plain' or 'Vast Plain Land', is the capital city and administrative centre of Adamawa State, Nigeria. It is located on the Benue River, and has a population of over 336,648 (2010). Yola is split into two parts. The old town of Yola where the Lamido of Adamawa resides, is the traditional city and the new city of Jimeta is the administrative and commercial centre.
The Kanuri people are an African ethnic group living largely in the lands of the former Kanem and Bornu Empires in Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Cameroon, as well as a diaspora community residing in Sudan. Those generally termed Kanuri include several subgroups and dialect groups, some of whom identify as distinct from the Kanuri. Most trace their origins to ruling lineages of the medieval Kanem–Bornu Empire, and its client states or provinces. In contrast to the neighboring Toubou or Zaghawa pastoralists, Kanuri groups have traditionally been sedentary, engaging in farming, fishing the Chad Basin, trade, and salt processing.
Maiduguri is the capital and the largest city of Borno State in north-eastern Nigeria, on the continent of Africa. The city sits along the seasonal Ngadda River which disappears into the Firki swamps in the areas around Lake Chad. Maiduguri was founded in 1907 as a military outpost by the British Empire during the colonial period. As of 2022, Maiduguri is estimated to have a population of approximately two million people, in the metropolitan area.
Borno State is a state in the North-East geopolitical zone of Nigeria. It is bordered by Yobe to the west for about 421 km, Gombe to the southwest for 93 km, and Adamawa to the south while its eastern border forms part of the national border with Cameroon for about 426 km. Its northern border forms part of the national border with Niger for about 223 km, mostly across the Komadougou-Yobe River, and its northeastern border forms all of the national border with Chad for 85 km. It is the only Nigerian state to border up to three countries. It takes its name from the historic emirate of Borno, with the emirate's old capital of Maiduguri serving as the capital city of Borno State. The state was formed in 1976 when the former North-Eastern State was broken up. It originally included the area that is now Yobe State, which became a distinct state in 1991.
Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin or Umar of Borno was Shehu (Sheik) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire and son of Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi.
The Borno Emirate or Sultanate, sometimes known as the Bornu Emirate, is a traditional Nigerian state that was formed at the start of the 20th century. It is headed by the descendants of the rulers of the Bornu Empire, founded before 1000. The rulers have the title Shehu of Borno. The traditional emirate of Borno maintains a ceremonial rule of the Kanuri people, based in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria, but acknowledged by the 4 million Kanuri in neighbouring countries.
Konduga is a community in Borno State, Nigeria and the center of a Local Government Area of the same name about 25 km to the southeast of Maiduguri, situated on the north bank of the Ngadda River. The population of the Konduga Local Government Area is about 13,400. It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria. The primary languages are Shuwa Arabic, Kanuri, Mafa and Wandala / Malgwa.
Bama is a town and a local government area in the central part of Borno State, Nigeria.
Damboa is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Damboa. It has an area of 6,219 km² and had a population of 233,200 at the 2006 census.
Gubio, also Gobiyo, is a Local Government Area of Borno State, in northeastern Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Gubio.
Guzamala is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Gudumbali. It's located approximately 125 kilometres north of the state capital, Maiduguri. It has an area of 2,517 km2 and a population of 95,648 at the 2006 census.
Gwoza is a local government area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Gwoza, a border town "about 135 kilometres South-East of Maiduguri." The postal code of the area is 610.
Monguno is one of the local government areas of Borno State, in northeastern Nigeria.
Ashimi or Hashim bin Umar al-Kanemi (1840s-1893) was Shehu of Borno from ca.1885 to 1893.
Kyari or Khair bin Bukhar al-Kanemi (?-1894) was Shehu of Borno in 1893–1894.
Abubakar Ibn Umar Garba Al Amin El-Kanemi Shehu Of Borno is the Shehu, or traditional ruler, of the Borno Emirate in northeast Nigeria.
Sanda Wuduroma, or Abu Sanda bin Buqar al-Kanemi, (?–1894) was Shehu of Borno in 1894.
Baga is a town in the northeastern Nigerian state of Borno, close to Lake Chad, and lying northeast of the town of Kukawa. It is located within the Kukawa Local Government Area.
Damasak is the head town of the Mobbar Local Government Area, in the northeastern Nigerian state of Borno. It is located near the confluence of the Yobe River and Komadugu Gana River, adjoining the border with Niger.
12°55′N13°34′E / 12.917°N 13.567°E
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