The Republic of China (Taiwan) competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich for the last time as the "Republic of China". The ROC would not return to the Olympics until 1984 and under the name "Chinese Taipei" due to objections by the People's Republic of China over the political status of Taiwan.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 371 competitors, 298 men and 73 women, took part in 180 events in 22 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 410 competitors, 285 men and 125 women, took part in 189 events in 22 sports. As the country hosted the next Olympics in Moscow, a live video feed from the city was shown at the closing ceremony.
The Soviet Union (USSR) was the host nation of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow. 489 competitors, 340 men and 149 women, took part in 202 events in 23 sports.
Kazakhstan competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 130 competitors, 86 men and 44 women, took part in 104 events in 17 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed, for the last time before its dissolution, at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul. 481 competitors, 319 men and 162 women, took part in 221 events in 27 sports. Athletes from 12 of the ex-Soviet republics would compete as the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics, and each nation would field independent teams in subsequent Games.
The Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain, was a joint team consisting of twelve of the fifteen former Soviet republics that chose to compete together; the states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania competed separately. The team has been informally called the Commonwealth of Independent States team, though Georgia was not yet a member of the CIS when it competed as part of the Unified Team. Selected athletes from the Baltic states also competed on the Unified Team. It competed under the IOC country code EUN. A total of 475 competitors, 310 men and 165 women, took part in 234 events in 27 sports.
Kazakhstan competed in the Summer Olympic Games as an independent nation for the first time at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Previously, Kazakhstani athletes competed for the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics. 96 competitors, 72 men and 24 women, took part in 99 events in 14 sports.
Puerto Rico competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.
Romania competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. 165 competitors, 98 men and 67 women, took part in 122 events in 18 sports.
Kyrgyzstan competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Kyrgyzstan won their first Olympic medal at these games. 48 competitors, 35 men and 13 women, took part in 59 events in 9 sports.
Uzbekistan competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 70 competitors, 52 men and 18 women, took part in 69 events in 12 sports.
Uzbekistan competed in the Summer Olympic Games as an independent nation for the first time at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States. Previously, Uzbek athletes competed for the Unified Team at the 1992 Summer Olympics. 71 competitors, 63 men and 8 women, took part in 70 events in 12 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. 317 competitors, 254 men and 63 women, took part in 154 events in 19 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. 295 competitors, 255 men and 40 women, took part in 141 events in 18 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. 272 competitors, 233 men and 39 women, took part in 135 events in 17 sports. the Netherlands, Spain, the Netherlands Antilles, Egypt, Lebanon, Cambodia, Iraq and Switzerland protested against this by boycotting the games. As a partial support to the Dutch-led boycott, Soviet athletes under the Olympic flag instead of the national flag.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. 283 competitors, 233 men and 50 women, took part in 145 events in 17 sports.
The Soviet Union (USSR) competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. 312 competitors, 246 men and 66 women, took part in 164 events in 18 sports.
Puerto Rico competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. 58 competitors, 54 men and 4 women, took part in 54 events in 10 sports.
The Dominican Republic competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. 18 competitors, all men, took part in 16 events in 5 sports.
Russian Empire (1900–1912)
Soviet Union (1952–1988)
Unified Team (1992)