Lantian Formation

Last updated
Lantian Formation
Stratigraphic range: Ediacaran
~602 ± 7 – ~577 Ma [1]
Location
LocationSouth China
CountryFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China

The Lantian Formation is a 150-meter-thick sequence of rocks deposited in Xiuning County, Anhui Province in southern China during a 90-million-year epoch in the Ediacaran period. [2] Its algal macrofossils (which have alternatively been interpreted as putative metazoans [3] ) are the oldest large and complex fossils known. [2]

Contents

Sedimentology

The rocks were deposited in shallow seas, in the photic zone yet below storm wave base [ clarification needed ], [4] yet were deposited in predominantly anoxic conditions. The fossils are located on the bedding planes, and are randomly oriented. [2]

The lowest part of the formation consists of a cap dolomite, marking the end of the Marinoan glaciation and start of the Ediacaran. Above this is black shale containing the Lantian biota fossils. Above this are layers of dolomite, and shale followed by limestone. The highest part of the formation is black shale again. Above the formation is the Piyuancun formation consisting of silicious rock. The Lantian formation overlies diamictite from the Cryogenian. [5]

Taphonomy

The fossils are preserved as carbonaceous films in a Burgess Shale type preservational fashion. [2] Anhuiphyton lineatum is one example of a fossil located in the site.

A reconstruction of Flabellophyton from the Lantian Formation. Flabellophyton lantianense.png
A reconstruction of Flabellophyton from the Lantian Formation.

Age

Originally presumed to be Cambrian in age, [2] the formation is now correlated with the Doushantuo formation, with an overlying formation also falling in the Ediacaran period. [4]

The Lantian biota has a maximum Re-Os age of 602  ± 7 million years ago. [1]

References

  1. 1 2 Yang, Chuan; Li, Yang; Selby, David; Wan, Bin; Guan, Chengguo; Zhou, Chuanming; Li, Xian-Hua (2022). "Implications for Ediacaran biological evolution from the ca. 602 Ma Lantian biota in China". Geology. 50 (5): 562–566. Bibcode:2022Geo....50..562Y. doi: 10.1130/G49734.1 . S2CID   246788576.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Narbonne, G. M. (2011). "Evolutionary biology: when life got big". Nature. 470 (7334): 339–40. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..339N. doi:10.1038/470339a. PMID   21331031. S2CID   205062340.
  3. ↑ Wan, Bin; Yuan, Xunlai; Chen, Zhe; Guan, Chengguo; Pang, Ke; Tang, Qing; Xiao, Shuhai; McIlroy, Duncan (2016). "Systematic description of putative animal fossils from the early Ediacaran Lantian Formation of South China". Palaeontology. 59 (4): 515–532. Bibcode:2016Palgy..59..515W. doi: 10.1111/pala.12242 . ISSN   0031-0239.
  4. 1 2 Yuan, X.; Chen, Z.; Xiao, S.; Zhou, C.; Hua, H. (2011). "An early Ediacaran assemblage of macroscopic and morphologically differentiated eukaryotes". Nature. 470 (7334): 390–3. Bibcode:2011Natur.470..390Y. doi:10.1038/nature09810. PMID   21331041. S2CID   205224028.
  5. ↑ supplementary figure 4 of doi : 10.1038/nature09810
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.