Larsenianthus arunachalensis

Last updated

Larsenianthus arunachalensis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Zingiberales
Family: Zingiberaceae
Genus: Larsenianthus
Species:
L. arunachalensis
Binomial name
Larsenianthus arunachalensis
M. Sabu, Sanoj & T.Rajesh Kumar

Larsenianthus arunachalensis is a species of the genus Larsenianthus in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae).. It was first described in 2010 and is native to northeastern India, and Myanmar.

Contents

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Larsenianthus arunachalensis grows as an evergreen, perennial herbaceous plant that can reach heights of up to 1.5 meters. The hard, fibrous rhizomes give off a light scent, are up to 1.9 centimeters thick and have a pale brown colored interior. Larsenianthus arunachalensis does not form tubers . The upright, leafy stems have a diameter of 2.5 to 3 centimeters and two leaves at their base. [2]

At the base the stems have four to six red and green colored leaf sheaths, which are slightly hairy towards the tip. With a length of 9.5 to 14 centimeters and a width of 2.4 to 2.7 centimeters, the lanceolate-shaped ligules are hairy on their underside. They dry out over time and then turn brown. The leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The green and hairy petiole becomes 19.5 to 31 centimeters long and has a U-shaped cross section. The simple leaf blade is elliptical with a length of 56 to 88 centimeters and a width of 19 to 25 centimeters with a pointed and slightly twisted upper end. The slightly white colored leaf margins are whole and wavy. The dark green upper side of the leaf is bare. The dull green underside of the leaf is slightly hairy in silver and has raised leaf veins. [2]

Generative characteristics

The inflorescence grows upright at the tip of leafy stems and can reach a total length of up to 90 centimeters. The upper part of the inflorescence stem is pale green, hairy, between 25 and 75 centimeters long and about 1.2 centimeters thick. The annual inflorescence has a height of 14 to 19 centimeters and a diameter of 3 to 3.4 centimeters. Each inflorescence, 60 to 80, dark red, at the base of white-colored bracts formed, which are spherical to broad-elliptical, boat-shaped with a length of 2.4 to 2.9 centimeters and a width of 2.6 to 2.8 centimeters. They are leathery, hairy, entire and the tip is densely covered with brown hair. There are two to four flowers above each bract, with two to eight flowers of the inflorescence usually opening at the same time. The tubular bracts are between 2.8 and 3.3 centimeters long, are dark red in color and have a white base. On one side they are cut about 1 centimeter deep. Their upper end is pointed or rounded and is densely covered with short, brown hair. [2]

The showy flowers are hermaphroditic and threefold. The three membranous, translucent sepals are fused together to form a calyx tube that is 1.6 to 1.7 centimeters long and about 0.3 centimeters in diameter and is white in the lower area, otherwise light red. The calyx tube is cut 5 to 6 millimeters deep on one side and is hairy, with the hair becoming thicker towards the tip. There are three calyx lobes. The red petalsare fused into a corolla tube that is 3.2 to 3.3 centimeters long and about 3.5 millimeters in diameter at the top. The three corolla lobes are obverse-lanceolate with a length of 1.5 to 1.7 centimeters. The upper corolla lobe is slightly downy on the inside with single-celled, branched trichomes hairy and bent back. The two lateral corolla lobes are hairless. The white and pale red tinted lateral staminodes are circular to broadly elliptical and curved back with a length of about 4 millimeters and a diameter of about 3.5 millimeters. Orange yellow and the top at the tip, beak-like end towards the base red to yellow creamy Labellum with a length of 2.5 to 2.8 centimeters and a width of 2.5 to 3 millimeters, it is narrowly elongated in the lower two thirds and obverse-lanceolate in the upper third, all in all almost spatulate. The fertile stamens, arched like a fish hook, have stamens 2.4 to 2.6 centimeters long, which are colored red in the lower part and creamy yellow in the upper part. The creamy yellow, bald anthers are about 3 millimeters long and about 2 millimeters wide. Three carpels form a three-chamber ovaryfused, which has a length of about 3 millimeters and a diameter of about 2.5 millimeters and is tomentose and light red. There are two white, epigyne glands that are elongated 2.5 to 3 millimeters in length. The white scar is about 0.5 mm in diameter, bulbous with ciliate edges. [2] Its flowering period is between the months of September to October. [3]

The authors of the first description are not aware of the fruits and seeds. [2]

Range

Larsenianthus arunachalensis is known from the place where the type specimen was found on Lohit, near Lalpani, in the state of Arunachal Pradesh in northeast India. It thrives on sandy soils at altitudes of over 1400 meters. One finds Larsenianthus arunachalensis in dense stands of wild occurring banana ( Musa spp.). [2] It has also been found in Northwestern Myanmar, in the Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary. [3]

Taxonomy

It was first described as Larsenianthus arunachalensis in 2010 by Mamiyil Sabu, E. Sanoj, and T. Rajesh Kumar in PhytoKeys number 1, page 28. The specific epithet arunachalensis refers to the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, in which the type material was found. [2]

Related Research Articles

<i>Pachypodium brevicaule</i> Species of flowering plant

Pachypodium brevicaule is a species of plant that belongs to the family Apocynaceae.

<i>Acanthomintha duttonii</i> Species of flowering plant

Acanthomintha duttonii is a species of annual plant endemic to San Mateo County, California in the family Lamiaceae. It is commonly called San Mateo thornmint and is found growing on serpentine soils near the Crystal Springs Reservoir in a six-mile (10 km) long strip on the east side of Montara Mountain at elevations of approximately 150 to 300 meters.

<i>Echium candicans</i> Species of flowering plant

Echium candicans, the 'Pride of Madeira', is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, native to the island of Madeira. It is a large herbaceous perennial subshrub, growing to 1.5–2.5 m.

<i>Brunfelsia pauciflora</i> Species of flowering plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae

Brunfelsia pauciflora is a species of flowering plant in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. It is endemic to Brazil, and it is grown in cultivation. A shrubby perennial plant grown in gardens, its common names include today, tomorrow together, yesterday, today and tomorrow, morning-noon-and-night, kiss me quick, and Brazil raintree.

<i>Deutzia gracilis</i> Plant in the hydrangea family

Deutzia gracilis, the slender deutzia or Japanese snow flower, is a species of flowering plant in the hydrangea family Hydrangeaceae, native to Japan.

<i>Brunfelsia latifolia</i> Species of flowering plant

Brunfelsia latifolia, commonly known as yesterday-today-tomorrow and kiss me quick, is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family. Endemic to Brazil, it is an evergreen shrub that becomes semi-deciduous in cooler areas and grows up to 1.8 meters in height.

Salix chikungensis is a shrub in the willow genus Salix with tomentose hairy and later balding branches. The leaf blades have lengths of 6 to 8.5 centimeters. The natural range of the species is in China.

Salix chingiana is a small tree in the willow genus Salix with dull purple-colored, bare branches. The stipules are permanent, the leaf blades are 7 to 10 centimeters long. The natural range of the species is in China.

Salix cheilophila is a shrub or small tree from the genus of willow (Salix) with initially tomentose hairy and later balding branches. The leaf blades have lengths of 2.5 to sometimes 6 centimeters. The natural range of the species is in China.

Salix daguanensis is a shrub in the willow genus Salix with 4 to 8 centimeter long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in China.

Salix daliensis is a shrub from the genus of willows (Salix) with mostly 5 to 6 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in China.

Larsenianthus is a genus of monocotyledonous plants in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). The genus was established in 2010. The four or so species are native to the area of the eastern Himalayas.

Salix delavayana is a shrub or small tree from the genus willow (Salix) with mostly 3 to 8 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in the south of China and in Tibet.

Salix dissa is a low shrub from the genus willow (Salix) with usually 1 to 3 centimeters long leaf blades. The natural range of the species is in China.

Larsenianthus careyanus is a species of the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It occurs in Bangladesh as well as northeast India. It is the type species of the genus Larsenianthus, which was newly established in 2010.

Larsenianthus assamensis is a species of the genus Larsenianthus in the ginger family (Zingiberaceae). It was first described in 2010 and is native to northeastern India.

<i>Otholobium saxosum</i> Shrublet in the family Fabaceae from South Africa

Otholobium saxosum is a small shrublet of up to 20 cm (7.9 in) high that has been assigned to the Pea family, with branches upright or horizontal at the base with rising tips. It has sessile, clover-like leaves and white, pea-like flowers that grow in triplets in the axils of the upper leaves of new, short side shoots. The species is only known from Garcia's Pass in Western Cape province of South Africa. Flowering occurs in October and November.

Plectranthus purpuratus or cliff spurflower is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae, native to South Africa's Kwazulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces, as well as eSwatini. The name is frequently misapplied to Plectranthus ciliatus, presumably because both have purple-backed leaves.

<i>Kalanchoe sexangularis</i> Species of succulent

Kalanchoe sexangularis, also known as bushveld kalanchoe, six-angled kalanchoe, or red-leaved kalanchoe, is a species of the succulent genus Kalanchoe, in the family Crassulaceae that is native to Southern Africa.

<i>Veronica catenata</i> Species of plant in the genus Veronica

Veronica catenata, the pink water speedwell, is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is native to Canada, the United States, Europe, the Azores, and northern Africa. As its common name implies, it prefers growing in or near marshes, rivers, lakes and ponds.

References

  1. ↑ "Larsenianthus arunachalensis". iucnredlist.org. 2019. Archived from the original on 2021-06-16. Retrieved 2023-09-07.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 W. John Kress, John D. Mood, Mamiyil Sabu, Linda M. Prince, Santanu Dey, E. Sanoj (2010), "Larsenianthus, a new Asian genus of Gingers (Zingiberaceae) with four species", PhytoKeys (in German), Washington, DC, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 28-31, doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.1.658 , ISSN   1314-2003, PMC   3174428 , PMID   22171166 {{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. 1 2 Aung, Mu Mu; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Miyake, Nao (Jan 2015). "Larsenianthus arunachalensis (Zingiberaceae): A new distributional record for the flora of Myanmar".
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.