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Mount Abu is a hill station in the Aravalli Range in the Sirohi district of the state of Rajasthan in western India. The mountain forms a rocky plateau 22 km long by 9 km wide. The highest peak on the mountain is Guru Shikhar at 1,722 m (5,650 ft) above sea level. It is referred to as 'an oasis in the desert' as its heights are home to rivers, lakes, waterfalls and evergreen forests. It is also home to numerous Hindu and Jain temples. The nearest train station is Abu Road railway station 28 km away.
The Rajputana Agency was a political office of the British Indian Empire dealing with a collection of native states in Rajputana, under the political charge of an Agent reporting directly to the Governor-General of India and residing at Mount Abu in the Aravalli Range. The total area of the states falling within the Rajputana Agency was 127,541 square miles (330,330 km2), with eighteen states and two estates or chiefships.
The Gurjar are an Indo-Aryan agricultural ethnic community, residing mainly in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, divided internally into various clan groups. They were traditionally involved in agriculture, pastoral and nomadic activities and formed a large heterogeneous group. The historical role of Gurjars has been quite diverse in society: at one end they have been founders of several kingdoms and dynasties and, at the other end, some are still nomads with no land of their own.
The history of human settlement in the western Indian state of Rajasthan dates back to about 100,000 years ago. Around 5000 to 2000 BCE many regions of Rajasthan belonged as the site of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan is the main Indus site of Rajasthan, here fire altars have been discovered, similar to those found at Lothal.
Chadri also known as Chad is a clan of the Gurjars of India and Pakistan. They are mainly based in Gujarat, Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab, India and Jammu and Kashmir, but some are also found in Pakistani, Kashmir, Punjab and Himalayan regions divided between Pakistan and India. It is also an offshoot of Laur branch of Gurjars in eastern Rajasthan.
Charan is a caste in South Asia natively residing in the Rajasthan and Gujarat states of India, as well as the Sindh and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan. Historically, Charans have been engaged in diverse occupations like bards, poets, historians, pastoralists, agriculturalists and also administrators, jagirdars and warriors and some even as traders.
Rajasthani people or Rajasthanis are a group of Indo-Aryan peoples native to Rajasthan, a state in Northern India. Their language, Rajasthani, is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages.
Khatana is a major and ancient clan of the Gurjar community of India, Afghanistan and Pakistan. They follow several religions, including Hinduism, Islam, and Sikhism.
Awana or Awan is a clan of the Gujjar ethnic community of India and Pakistan.
Chamayan is also referred to as Chamayin, Chamain or Chaim is a clan of the Gurjar ethnic group found in India and Pakistan. They adhere to many religions, including the Hinduism, Sikhism and Islam.
Thikariya or Thikriya is a clan found among the Hindu and Muslim Gurjars. The variations of the clan name include Thikariya, Thikria, Thikaria, Thekaria, or Thekria..
Rana is a clan of the Gurjar ethnicity. It is predominantly found among the Gujjars of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir, as well as in Pakistan's Azad Kashmir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab provinces.
Hakla, some time misspelled as Haklla or Akla is a clan originally affiliated with the Gurjar community of south Asia. They are mostly found among the Hindu and Muslim Gujjars.
Chhokar, sometime spell as Chokar or Chokhar, is a clan of the Hindu and Muslim Gurjar people found in the south Asian regions of India, Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Tas is an agricultural clan of the Indian and Pakistani Gurjar ethnic community in Indian Punjab. Tas Gujjars are adherents of Hinduism, Islam and some are also Sikh.
Bhumla,, as Bumla or Bhoomla is a Punjabi and Haryanvi speaking clan found among the Hindu and Muslim Gurjars.
Bidhuri or Vidhuri is a clan originally found among the Hindu Gurjars of northern India. Vidhudi, Vidhuri, Bhiduri and Bidhudi is an alternative English clan spelling.
Charr, also known as Char or Chaar is a clan originally found among the Gurjars of India and Pakistan.
The Chandila or Chandella are a clan found among the Gurjar people of India and Pakistan.
References
- ↑ Agrawal, Binod C. (1988). Women, Television, and Rural Development. National. pp. 19, 35, 54. ISBN 978-81-214-0107-4.
Laur Gujars , because their livelihood depends on them . A Koli or Bairwa woman is allowed to go upto the courtyard of a Laur Gujar house . But most of their conversations are restricted to fields , where they work together.
- 1 2 Rajasthan Directory & Who's who. Hindi Sahitya Mandir. 1982.
GUJAR : Gujars are chiefly found in the eastern part of Rajasthan - Jaipur , Mewar , Alwar , Kota , and Bharatpur, Gujjars have two main branches Laur and Khari . Laur consider themselves an inferior class . They do not inter - marry with Khari Gujars.
- 1 2 3 Rajasthan (India) (1971). Rajasthan [district Gazetteers].: Sirohi. Printed at Government Central Press. p. 95.
In Bharatpur, there are two types of Gujars Khare (Khari) Gujar and Laur Gujar. The former are principally engaged in making butter and ghee.1
- 1 2 Khari, Rahul (2007). Jats and Gujars: Origin, History and Culture. Reference Press. p. 91. ISBN 978-81-8405-031-8.
There is one more type of Gujars known as Baddh-Gujar. These Baddh-Gujars are found only in Rajasthan and mostly around Kota. On asking about their name related to Gujars a Baddh-Guiar said that they (Baddh-Guiars) are a bit bigger in power. The Gujars here in eastern Rajputana are found in a large hilly tract called Daug which is exclusively populated by Laur Gujars . In these states the Gujars are divided into two tribes , the Laur and the Khari. The former (Laur) is the superior from Kharis.
- ↑ Rahi, Javaid (2012-01-01). The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi. Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu. p. 272.
- 1 2 Campbell, James M. (1988). Hindu Castes and Tribes of Gujarat. Vintage Books. p. 502.
Gujars whether Bhadána or Chechi are Lavas or Lors. Lava is the same as Lor and they are higher than Khári to whom the Lava gives neither a daughter nor a pipe . According to their story Krishna and Nánda were Lors (Laura).
- 1 2 Rajasthan (India) (1971). Rajasthan [district Gazetteers].: Bharatpur. Printed at Government Central Press. p. 95.
- 1 2 Mathur, U. B. (1986). Folkways in Rajasthan. Folklorists. ISBN 978-81-85129-00-6.
The Laur branch of the Gujars in the Jaipur region has more than twenty minor groups namely Bagarwal , Badana , Betan , Char , Chechi , Chesat , Dhakar , Deorata , Doi , Kasana , Koli , Khatana , Kanaks , Mokar , Mootan , Mawai , Nekari, Chandela, Tanwar.
- ↑ Commissioner, India Census (1960). Census of India. Printed at the Government central Press.
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