Lavaan

Last updated
lavaan
Original author Yves Rosseel
Developer Yves Rosseel (main developer)
Initial release11 May 2010;15 years ago (2010-05-11)
Stable release
Version 0.6-21, Released on CRAN / 21 December 2025;2 months ago (2025-12-21)
Written in R
Operating system Windows, Linux, macOS
Website lavaan.ugent.be
Repository github.com/yrosseel/lavaan

lavaan is an open-source structural equation modeling (SEM) package for the statistical programming language R. Created by Yves Rosseel in 2010, lavaan is intended to be a free open-source commercial-quality alternative to commercial (SEM) software packages such as Mplus or IBM SPSS Amos. [1] [2]

Contents

Updates

On 11 May 2010 lavaan version 0.3-1 was released on CRAN, the original release of lavaan. [3]

On 21 February 2011 lavaan version 0.4-7 was released on CRAN, launching the 0.4 series of releases. [4]

On 8 September 2012 lavaan version 0.5-9 was released on CRAN, launching the 0.5 series of releases. [5]

On 22 May 2018 lavaan version 0.6-1 was released on CRAN, launching the 0.6 series of releases. [6]

On 21 December 2025 lavaan version 0.6-21 was released on CRAN, the most recent release of lavaan. [7]

Comparison with other SEM packages

A variety of open-source, free, and commercial structural equation modeling software packages are available besides lavaan, such as Amos, SAS PROC CALIS, R package sem, OpenMx, LISREL, EQS, and Mplus. The main difference between packages is the presence of a graphical interface for model specification and presentation of results. Each package differs in terms of its strengths and weaknesses. lavaan was shown to be feature equivalent to commercial packages, with a compact scripting capability even for complex models as a key strength, and the ability to mimic Mplus and EQS results as a special feature. [8]

Impact

After 15 years of being developed, lavaan has become one of the standard structural equation modeling software package of choice for many researchers and data scientists across the world; evidenced in its use in studies, part of software reviews, and published books. [8] [9] [10] It was downloaded more than 4 million times to date. [11]

References

  1. "About lavaan". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  2. Rosseel, Yves (2012). "lavaan: An R Package for Structural Equation Modeling". Journal of Statistical Software. 48 (2). Foundation for Open Access Statistics: 1–36. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  3. "0.3 series". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  4. "0.4 series". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  5. "0.5 series". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  6. "0.6 series". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  7. "0.6 series". The lavaan project. Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  8. 1 2 Narayanan, A. (2012). "A Review of Eight Software Packages for Structural Equation Modeling". The American Statistician. 66 (2). Taylor & Francis: 129–138. doi:10.1080/00031305.2012.708641 . Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  9. Gana, Kamel; Broc, Guillaume (2019). Structural Equation Modeling with lavaan. Wiley. ISBN   9781119579038 . Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  10. Loh, W.W. (2025). "Causal Inference with Unobserved Confounding: Leveraging Negative Control Outcomes Using Lavaan". Multivariate Behavioral Research. 60 (5): 1029–1041. doi:10.1080/00273171.2025.2507742 . Retrieved 2026-02-21.
  11. "CRAN R Packages by Number of Downloads". datasciencemeta.com. Retrieved 2026-02-21.