Lawrence Formation

Lawrence Formation
Lawrence Shale
Lawrence Formation; Lawrence Shale
Stratigraphic range: Kasimovian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ (Virgilian stage)
	Upper shale of the Lawrence Formation in roadcut of the South Lawrence Trafficway ; (US-40/K-10); In the upper background, the brown Toronto Limestone member is the base of the Oread Limestone.
Type	Formation
Unit of	Kansas, et al: Douglas Group ; Oklahoma: Vamoosa Group
Sub-units	Kansas usage:; Amazonia Limestone; Ireland Sandstone; Robbins Shale Member; Haskell Limestone (removed 2002);
Underlies	Oread Limestone
Overlies	Cass Limestone
Lithology
Primary	Shale
Other	Limestone, sandstone
Location
Region	Kansas
Country	United States
Type section
Named for	Lawrence, Kansas
Named by	Erasmus Haworth
Year defined	1894

Last updated June 03, 2025

The Lawrence Formation, also referred to as Lawrence Shale, is a Late-Carboniferous geologic formation in Kansas, extending into Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri, and Oklahoma.^[2]^[1] This unit was named by Erasmus Haworth in 1894, the year that Haworth founded the Kansas Geological Survey in Lawrence, Kansas, having personally surveyed the formation the year before.^[2]

References

1 2 P. H. Heckel (2013). "Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of Northern Midcontinent Shelf and biostratigraphic correlation of cyclothems". Stratigraphy. 10 (1–2): 7, TEXT-FIGURE 4. Retrieved 2022-04-02.
1 2 3 4 "Geologic Unit: Lawrence". National Geologic Database. Geolex — Significant Publications. United States Geological Survey . Retrieved 2022-04-03.
↑ P. H. Heckel and W. L. Watney (2002). "Revision of Stratigraphic Nomenclature and Classification of the Pleasanton, Kansas City, Lansing, and Lower Part of the Douglas Groups (Lower Upper Pennsylvanian, Missourian) in Kansas". Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin (246). University of Kansas Publications, Kansas Geological Survey: Stratigraphy, continued : Douglas Group (redefined). Retrieved 2022-04-02.

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[Heckel2013-1] 1 2 P. H. Heckel (2013). "Pennsylvanian stratigraphy of Northern Midcontinent Shelf and biostratigraphic correlation of cyclothems". Stratigraphy. 10 (1–2): 7, TEXT-FIGURE 4. Retrieved 2022-04-02.

[GeolexSigPub-2] 1 2 3 4 "Geologic Unit: Lawrence". National Geologic Database. Geolex — Significant Publications. United States Geological Survey . Retrieved 2022-04-03.

[HeckelWatney-3] P. H. Heckel and W. L. Watney (2002). "Revision of Stratigraphic Nomenclature and Classification of the Pleasanton, Kansas City, Lansing, and Lower Part of the Douglas Groups (Lower Upper Pennsylvanian, Missourian) in Kansas". Kansas Geological Survey Bulletin (246). University of Kansas Publications, Kansas Geological Survey: Stratigraphy, continued : Douglas Group (redefined). Retrieved 2022-04-02.

[1]

[2]

[3]

Lawrence Formation Lawrence Shale
Stratigraphic range: ^[1]Kasimovian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓ (Virgilian stage)^[2]
Upper shale of the Lawrence Formation in roadcut of the South Lawrence Trafficway (US-40/K-10) In the upper background, the brown Toronto Limestone member is the base of the Oread Limestone.
Type	Formation
Unit of	*Kansas, et al:* Douglas Group Oklahoma: Vamoosa Group
Sub-units	Kansas usage: Amazonia Limestone Ireland Sandstone Robbins Shale Member Haskell Limestone (removed 2002)^[3]
Underlies	Oread Limestone
Overlies	Cass Limestone
Lithology
Primary	Shale
Other	Limestone, sandstone
Location
Region	Kansas
Country	United States
Type section
Named for	Lawrence, Kansas
Named by	Erasmus Haworth ^[2]
Year defined	1894

Lawrence Formation

See also

References