Le Droit Humain

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Headquarters of Le Droit Humain, the International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women Le Droit Humain, 5 rue Jules Breton, 75013 Paris.jpg
Headquarters of Le Droit Humain, the International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women

The International Order of Freemasonry Le Droit Humain is a global Masonic Order, membership of which is available to men and women on equal terms, regardless of nationality, religion or ethnicity.

Contents

History

Plaque for Maison Georges Martin - Le Droit Humain.jpg

Its headquarters is in Paris, France, where it was founded in 1893 by Georges Martin and Maria Deraismes.

The Order is founded on the ancient teachings and traditions of Freemasonry, using Masonic ritual and symbolism as its tools in the search for truth. On the individual level, the Order aims "to promote the progress of individual worth, without the imposition of dogma, or exacting the abandonment of cultural or religious ideas". On a collective level it works "to unite men and women who agree on a humanist spirituality whilst respecting individual and cultural differences".

In contrast with other Masonic organisations which operate in national or state jurisdiction only, Le Droit Humain is a global fraternity with many Federations and Jurisdictions worldwide, each of which work the Scottish Rite from the 1st to the 33rd degree. The Order is administered by the Supreme Council, which has its headquarters in Paris. Within the International Constitution, however, member Federations have the freedom of self-governance.

The Allied Degrees of British Le Droit Humain Allied Degrees of British Le Droit Humain.jpg
The Allied Degrees of British Le Droit Humain

Le Droit Humain has about 32,000 members in more than 60 countries around the world and on all inhabited continents. [1]

Belgium

The Belgian Federation of Le Droit Humain (French: la Fédération Belge du Droit Humain; Dutch: Belgische Federatie van Le Droit Humain) is a Belgian cupola of masonic lodges which is accessible for men and women, and works in the 33 symbolic degrees of freemasonry. The first Belgian Lodge of Le Droit Humain was founded in 1912. [2] [3]

Great Britain

The British Federation of the International Order of Co-Freemasonry Le Droit Humain was the first Federation to be established outside France, thus making the Order truly International. On 26 September 1902 Lodge Human Duty No. 6 was consecrated by the Grand Master, The V. Ills. S. Marie Martin 33°, assisted by Officers of the Supreme Council, including one of the co-founders of the Order, Georges Martin 33°. The first Master of the Lodge was Annie Besant, who would become the first Grand Commander of the British Federation. [4]

Annie Besant requested that Co-Masonry in England should be required to all Candidates for Freemasonry to hold a belief in God or a Supreme Being, and that this belief must be central to the rituals they use. This has since not been reversed to be in line with the wider Order. [5]

The British Federation works the Ancient & Accepted Scottish Rite from the 1st to the 33rd degree inclusive. In addition the Allied Degrees of Mark, Royal Ark Mariner, Excellent Master, Holy Royal Arch of Jerusalem, Knights Templar, Royal Order of Scotland and Red Cross of Constantine are worked. [6]

Portugal

The Portuguese Federation of Le Droit Humain (Portuguese: Ordem Maçónica Mista Internacional Le Droit Humain - Federação Portuguesa) was founded in 1923 by Adelaide Cabete. After the coup d'état of 28 May 1926 the dictatorial regime Estado Novo forbade masonry in the country and the order faded away. In 1980 a new lodge was opened and a new era for the Portuguese Federation of Le Droit Humain began. [7] [8]

North America

Le Droit Humain is present in Canada, Mexico, and the United States of America. The first lodge in the United States was founded on October 25, 1903, by Louis Goaziou. [9]

Regularity and recognition

Le Droit Humain is in mutual amity with the following Orders (meaning recognition is reciprocal and members can intervisit):

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Scottish Rite</span> Rite of Freemasonry

The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite of Freemasonry is a Rite within the broader context of Freemasonry. It is the most widely practiced Rite in the world. In some parts of the world, and in the Droit Humain, it is a concordant body and oversees all degrees from the 1st to 33rd degrees, while in other areas, a Supreme Council oversees the 4th to 33rd degrees.

Co-Freemasonry is a form of Freemasonry which admits both men and women. It began in France in the 1890s with the forming of Le Droit Humain, and is now an international movement represented by several Co-Freemasonic administrations throughout the world. Most male-only Masonic Lodges do not recognise Co-Freemasonry, holding it to be irregular.

Freemasonry in Sweden was introduced by the Swedish Order of Freemasons, founded in 1735 as the oldest still active Swedish fraternal order, working the Swedish Rite of Freemasonry. It is under royal patronage of the King of Sweden and closely associated with the Lutheran Church of Sweden. It is a jurisdiction that admits Christian men only, and is recognised by the United Grand Lodge of England as a Regular Masonic jurisdiction, being the only Regular Grand Lodge that admits a 34th informal Masonic Degree. Its total membership is about 16,500.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Freemasonry and women</span> Positions on women in the fraternal organisation

Freemasonry has had a complex relationship with women for centuries. A few women were involved in Freemasonry before the 18th century, despite de jure prohibitions in the Premier Grand Lodge of England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grand Orient of Belgium</span> Group of Masonic lodges in Belgium

The Grand Orient of Belgium is a Belgian cupola of masonic lodges which is only accessible for men, and works in the basic three symbolic degrees of freemasonry.

The International Secretariat of the Masonic Adogmatic Powers (ISMAP) was an international organization of Masonic jurisdictions of masonic lodges. The jurisdictions involved are considered irregular by the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) and most other Anglo-Saxon Grand Lodges, because they accept women, or do not require Masons to have a belief in a Supreme Being. Its members merged back into CLIPSAS in the early 2010s.

Freemasonry in Denmark was first established in 1743 and is today represented by a number of Grand Lodges. The oldest and biggest Masonic Grand Lodge in Denmark is the Danish Order of Freemasons, in English also known as the Grand Lodge of Denmark.

The International Masonic Union Catena is an international organization of Masonic organizations. The organizations involved are considered irregular by the United Grand Lodge of England (UGLE) and most other Anglo-Saxon Grand Lodges.

Continental Freemasonry, otherwise known as Liberal Freemasonry, Latin Freemasonry, and Adogmatic Freemasonry, includes the Masonic lodges, primarily on the European continent, that recognize the Grand Orient de France (GOdF) or belong to CLIPSAS, SIMPA, TRACIA **, CIMAS, COMAM, CATENA, GLUA, or any of various other international organizations of Liberal, i.e., Continental Freemasonry. The larger number of Freemasons, most of whom live in the United States–where Regular Freemasonry holds a virtual monopoly–belong to Masonic lodges that recognize the United Grand Lodge of England and do not recognize Continental Freemasons, regarding them as "irregular".

Freemasonry in Belgium comprises several Masonic obediences, a federation and a confederation. These include Grand Orient of Belgium, the Grand Lodge of Belgium, the Regular Grand Lodge of Belgium, the Women's Grand Lodge of Belgium, the Belgian Federation of Le Droit Humain and Lithos Confederation of Lodges.

Continental Freemasonry in North America is relatively rare, but there are a few continental-style organizations active.

The history of Freemasonry in Belgium reflects the many influences on what is now Belgium from the neighbouring states.

The Women's Grand Lodge Of France is the Grand Lodge of France's women-only Masonic lodges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georges Martin (freemason)</span>

Georges Martin was a French doctor, politician and Freemason.

The first known Freemasons in Portugal were the Swiss John Coustos and two other Portuguese members of his lodge, who were arrested by the Portuguese Inquisition and questioned under torture in the 1740s. Coustos wrote a book detailing his sufferings under the Inquisition and pointed to 1728 as being the year of the first Lodge, although nothing is known of the first years of this Lodge and it was not then recognised by the Grand Lodge of England. Today there are several Masonic Obediences in Portugal.

The Liaison and Information Centre of Signatory Masonic Powers of the Strasbourg Appeal or CLIPSAS is an international group of Masonic Grand Orients and Grand Lodges that adhere to Continental Freemasonry and signed the Strasbourg Appeal. Members include the Grand Orient de France, the Grand Orient of Belgium and the Grand Lodge of Italy, of which the first two left the group between 2000 and 2010.

Freemasonry in Spain is first recorded in 1728, in an English lodge. As various papal bulls condemned Freemasonry the Spanish Inquisition did their best to close lodges and demonise Freemasons, therefore the success of Freemasonry from year to year depended on the sympathy or antipathy of the ruling regime. Nevertheless, lodges and even Grand Lodges were formed, and even thrived during more liberal periods. When Francisco Franco consolidated power in 1939, all Freemasonry was banned. In 1979, four years after Franco's death, bans on Freemasonry were declared unconstitutional, and several Grand Lodges and Orients now flourish in Spain.

Freemasonry in Italy dates to the first half of the eighteenth century. Its success largely depended on the lack of enthusiasm with which Papal bans on the order were enforced in the various states, but after the end of the Napoleonic regime, Freemasonry was suppressed in most of the peninsula. The start of the unification process in 1859 saw a revival in Freemasonry. Giuseppe Garibaldi, a leader of Italian unification, was an active Mason and a keen supporter of the craft. In the 1920s Freemasonry was again suppressed under Fascism but revived again after the fall of Benito Mussolini. Today's Italy contains a wide variety of Masonic observances, regular, liberal, male, female and mixed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Symbolic Grand Lodge of Spain</span>

The Symbolic Grand Lodge of Spain is one of the main grand obediences in Spain. It is one of group of obediences included in CLIPSAS, and can be defined as a mixed or egalitarian, liberal and non-dogmatic Grand Lodge.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Universal Co-Masonry</span> International fraternal Masonic organization

Universal Co-Masonry, is an international fraternal Masonic organization headquartered in Larkspur, Colorado. Formally a national Federation of Le Droit Humain, the international order of mixed co-freemasonry, Universal Co-Masonry split off in 1994 to become an independent masonic obedience. The organization seeks to “combat ignorance in all its forms” and works “to the Glory of God and the Perfection of Humanity”. Universal Co-Masonry has created “a Masonic Government that ensures the maximum liberty compatible with a voluntarily accepted discipline and is organized upon the precepts of the Ancient Mystery Schools, the Scottish Rite, and the English Rite”. Universal Co-Masonry is active in North America, South America, and the Philippines. Universal Co-Masonry also oversees the administration of the Masonic Philosophical Society, a philosophical discussion and educational society that meets online and in several countries.

References

  1. "Organization | Ordre Maçonnique Mixte International Le Droit Humain". Ordre Maçonnique Mixte International le Droit Humain. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  2. Ed. Droit Humain, Histoire de la fédération belge du Droit Humain, 2 Vol., Bruxelles, 1982–1984
  3. Peter Bormans (ed.), Vrijmetselarij, VUB 1974
  4. "About Us". International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women – Le Droit Humain British Federation. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  5. "Frequently Asked Questions". International Order of Freemasonry for Men and Women – Le Droit Humain British Federation. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  6. International Order of Freemasonry For Men and Women, Le Droit Humain, British Federation, Approved by the Supreme Council (2020). General Regulations British Federation 2020. p. 17.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. "History". Federação Portuguesa da Ordem Maçónica Mista Internacional "Le Droit Humain" - O Direito Humano. 29 April 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  8. "Adelaide Cabete". Federação Portuguesa da Ordem Maçónica Mista Internacional "Le Droit Humain" - O Direito Humano. 29 April 2015. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
  9. "Co Masonry". comasonry.eu. Retrieved 17 June 2021.