Legislature V of Italy

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Legislature V of Italy

V legislatura della Repubblica Italiana
5th legislature
Type
Type
Houses
History
Founded5 June 1968 (1968-06-05)
Disbanded24 May 1972 (1972-05-24) (3 years, 354 days)
Preceded by IV Legislature
Succeeded by VI Legislature
Leadership
Structure
Seats630 (C)
315+ (S)
Italian Chamber of Deputies 1968.svg
Chamber of Deputies political groups
  •   DC (266)
  •   PCI (177)
  •   PSU (91)
  •   PLI (31)
  •   MSI (24)
  •   PSIUP (23)
  •   PRI (9)
  •   PDIUM (6)
  •   Others (3)
Italian Senate 1968.svg
Senate political groups
Elections
Proportional
Proportional
Last general election
19 May 1968
Meeting place
Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C)
Palazzo Madama, Rome (S)
Website
Fifth Legislature – Chamber of Deputies
Fifth Legislature – Senate
Constitution
Constitution of Italy

The Legislature V of Italy (Italian : V Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) was the 5th legislature of the Italian Republic, and lasted from 5 June 1968 until 24 May 1972. [1] [2] Its composition was the one resulting from the general election of 19 May 1968.

Contents

It was the first republican legislature to be dismissed before its term's natural expiration.

Main chronology

The period of the late 1960s–1970s came to be known as the Opposti Estremismi, (from left-wing and right-wing extremists riots), later renamed anni di piombo ("years of lead") because of a wave of political terrorist attacks.

After another short Leone's government, on 12 December 1968 Mariano Rumor sworn is as prime minister for the first time, leading a government composed by DC, PSU and PRI. [3]

Mariano Rumor speaks to the Chamber of Deputies in March 1970 Governo Rumor III presentazione.jpg
Mariano Rumor speaks to the Chamber of Deputies in March 1970

Between 1968 and 1970 a notable number of progressive reforms were carried out. On 11 December 1969 a new law extended access to higher education to all students holding a higher secondary school diploma. It was formerly limited to students who came from classical, and in some cases, scientific, curricula. Another bill, approved on 30 April 1969, introduced broad provisions covering pensions under the general scheme. The multiplying coefficient was increased to 1.85%, applied to average earnings of the best 3 years in the last 5 years of work (maximum pension, after 40 years of contribution: 74% of previous earnings). A social pension was also introduced for people over the age of 65 with low incomes and not eligible for any type of pension. In addition, cost of living indexation for all pensions (with the exception of social pensions) was introduced. [4]

Rumor led three different governments. The second one, from August 1969 to February 1970, was a DC-only government; its collapse led to a 45-day long period without government. After this period, which included an attempt by former Prime Minister Amintore Fanfani to form a government, Rumor led a new coalition with PSI, PRI and PSDI from March until July 1970. [5]

After another centre-left government led by Emilio Colombo, in February 1972 Giulio Andreotti was asked to form a new government which didn't obtained the confidence of the Parliament. On 28 February 1972 President Giovanni Leone dismissed the Parliament and called the first snap election in the history of the Italian Republic.[ citation needed ]

Presidential election

On 9 December 1971 the Parliament and the representatives of the 20 Italian regions met to elect the fifth President of Italy. On 24 December 1971 the Christian democrat Giovanni Leone was elected on the twenty-third ballot with 518 votes out of 1008.[ citation needed ]

Government

Prime MinisterPartyTerm of officeGovernmentComposition
Took officeLeft office
Giovanni Leone Official.jpg Giovanni Leone
(1908–2001)
Christian Democracy 24 June 196812 December 1968 Leone II DC
(with PSU and PRI's external support)
Mariano Rumor daticamera.jpg Mariano Rumor
(1915–1990)
Christian Democracy 12 December 19685 August 1969 Rumor I DC   PSU   PRI
( Organic Centre-left )
5 August 196927 March 1970 Rumor II DC
(with PSI, PSDI and PRI's external support)
27 March 19706 August 1970 Rumor III DC   PSI   PSDI   PRI
( Organic Centre-left )
Emilio Colombo 3.jpg Emilio Colombo
(1920–2013)
Christian Democracy 6 August 197017 February 1972 Colombo DC   PSI   PSDI   PRI
( Organic Centre-left )
Giulio Andreotti 1972.jpg Giulio Andreotti
(1919–2013)
Christian Democracy 17 February 197226 June 1972 Andreotti I DC

Parliamentary composition

Chamber of Deputies

Sandro Pertini, President of the Chamber of Deputies Alessandro Pertini daticamera 1968.jpg
Sandro Pertini, President of the Chamber of Deputies
Parliamentary groups in the Chamber of Deputies
Initial composition [6]
(5 June 1968)
Final composition [6]
(24 May 1972)
Parliamentary groupSeatsParliamentary groupSeatsChange
Christian Democracy 266 Christian Democracy 263Decrease2.svg 3
Italian Communist Party 177 Italian Communist Party 166Decrease2.svg 11
Unified Socialist Party 91 Italian Socialist Party 62Steady2.svg
Italian Democratic Socialist Party 29
Italian Liberal Party 31 Italian Liberal Party 30Decrease2.svg 1
Italian Social Movement 24 Italian Social Movement 25Increase2.svg 1
Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 23 Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity 22Decrease2.svg 1
Italian Republican Party 9 Italian Republican Party 9Steady2.svg
Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 6 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 5Decrease2.svg 1
Mixed3Mixed19Increase2.svg 16
Südtiroler Volkspartei 3 Südtiroler Volkspartei 3Steady2.svg
Independent–Non inscrits16Increase2.svg 16
Total seats630Total seats630Steady2.svg

    Senate of the Republic

    Amintore Fanfani, President of the Senate Amintore Fanfani Senato.jpg
    Amintore Fanfani, President of the Senate
    Parliamentary groups in the Senate of the Republic
    Initial composition [7]
    (5 June 1968)
    Final composition [7]
    (24 May 1972)
    Parliamentary groupSeatsParliamentary groupSeatsChange
    Christian Democracy 135 Christian Democracy 137Increase2.svg 2
    Italian Communist Party 101 Italian Communist Party 102Increase2.svg 1
    Unified Socialist Party 46 Italian Socialist Party 40Steady2.svg
    Italian Democratic Socialist Party 6
    Italian Liberal Party 16 Italian Liberal Party 16Steady2.svg
    Italian Social Movement 11 Italian Social Movement 13Increase2.svg 1
    Mixed6Mixed2Decrease2.svg 4
    Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 2 Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity 0Decrease2.svg 2
    Italian Republican Party 2 Italian Republican Party 0Decrease2.svg 2
    Südtiroler Volkspartei 2 Südtiroler Volkspartei 2Steady2.svg
    Total seats315Total seats315Steady2.svg

    Senators for Life

    SenatorMotivationAppointed byFromTill
    Giovanni Gronchi Former President of Italy ex officio [ broken anchor ]Previous legislatureNext legislature
    Cesare Merzagora Merits in the social fieldPresident Antonio Segni Previous legislatureNext legislature
    Ferruccio Parri Merits in the social fieldPresident Antonio SegniPrevious legislatureNext legislature
    Meuccio Ruini Merits in the social and scientific fieldPresident Antonio SegniPrevious legislature6 March 1970 (deceased)
    Antonio Segni Former President of Italy ex officio [ broken anchor ]Previous legislatureNext legislature
    Eugenio Montale Merits in the literary fieldPresident Giuseppe Saragat Previous legislatureNext legislature
    Giovanni Leone Merits in the social fieldPresident Giuseppe SaragatPrevious legislature29 December 1971 (elected President of Italy)
    Pietro Nenni Merits in the social fieldPresident Giuseppe Saragat25 November 1970Next legislature
    Giuseppe Saragat Former President of Italy ex officio [ broken anchor ]29 December 1971Next legislature
    Amintore Fanfani Merits in the social fieldPresident Giovanni Leone 10 March 1972Next legislature

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    References

    1. "Camera dei Deputati – 5ª Legislatura". www.storia.camera.it (in Italian). Retrieved 12 February 2021.
    2. "Senato della Repubblica – 5ª Legislatura". www.senato.it (in Italian). Retrieved 12 February 2021.
    3. Governo Rumor I
    4. La DC ricorda Mariano Rumor, Imola Oggi
    5. "RUMOR IS SEEKING TO STAFF A CABINET". The New York Times. 25 March 1970. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
    6. 1 2 "V Legislatura della Repubblica italiana / Legislature / Camera dei deputati – Portale storico". storia.camera.it (in Italian). Retrieved 12 February 2021.
    7. 1 2 "senato.it – Composizione dei gruppi parlamentari nella V Legislatura". www.senato.it (in Italian). Retrieved 12 February 2021.