Legislature XVIII of Italy XVIII legislatura della Repubblica Italiana | |
---|---|
18th legislature | |
Type | |
Type | |
Houses | Chamber of Deputies Senate of the Republic |
History | |
Founded | 23 March 2018 |
Disbanded | 12 October 2022 (4 years, 203 days) |
Preceded by | XVII Legislature |
Succeeded by | XIX Legislature |
Leadership | |
Structure | |
Seats | C: 630 S: 321 (315 + 6) |
Chamber of Deputies political groups | |
Senate political groups | |
Elections | |
Rosatellum | |
Rosatellum | |
Last general election | 4 March 2018 |
Next general election | 25 September 2022 |
Meeting place | |
Palazzo Montecitorio, Rome (C) | |
Palazzo Madama, Rome (S) | |
Website | |
www www | |
Constitution | |
Constitution of Italy |
Legislature XVIII of Italy (Italian : XVIII Legislatura della Repubblica Italiana) started on 23 March 2018 and ended on 12 October 2022. [1] [2] The composition of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate is the one resulting from the 4 March 2018 election, called after the dissolution of the Parliament announced by President Sergio Mattarella on 28 December 2017. [3]
The members of this legislature have on average the lowest age in the history of the Italian Republic: 44 years old in the Chamber of Deputies and 52 in the Senate. [4] This legislature has also the largest number of new MPs and the highest percentage of women (34%) in Italian history. [4]
Prime Minister | Party | Term of office | Government | Composition | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Took office | Left office | ||||||
Giuseppe Conte (b. 1964) | Independent | 1 June 2018 | 5 September 2019 | Conte I | M5S • Lega | ||
5 September 2019 | 13 February 2021 | Conte II | M5S • PD • LeU • IV | ||||
Mario Draghi (b. 1947) | Independent | 13 February 2021 | 22 October 2022 | Draghi | M5S • Lega • PD • FI • IpF • IV • Art.1 • A • A2050 ( National unity government ) | ||
The number of elected deputies is 630. However, due to resignations, deaths or office incompatibilities, the number of deputies might be lower during the periods in which substitutes are picked (via parties lists or via by-elections).
In this legislature the number of elected Senators was 314, instead of the usual 315: in the Sicily constituency the total number of assigned seats to the M5S exceeded the number of candidates in the party's list. [7] Including the six life senators, the total number of senators was therefore 320. On 31 July 2019, the Senate commission on elections finalized a decision about the missing seat in Sicily, assigning it to the M5S. [8] The total number of senators is currently 321.
In order to counter the health, economic, and social effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Italian government enacted multiple legislative acts, usually of the type known as "decree of the President of the Council of ministers" (Italian : decreto del Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri) or DPCM. [25] Most of these decrees were later approved by both houses of Parliament.
The Federation of the Greens, frequently referred to as Greens (Verdi), was a green political party in Italy. It was formed in 1990 by the merger of the Federation of Green Lists and the Rainbow Greens.
The Five Star Movement is a political party in Italy, led by Giuseppe Conte. The party was founded on 4 October 2009 by Beppe Grillo, a political activist and comedian, and Gianroberto Casaleggio, a web strategist. The party is primarily described as populist of the syncretic kind, due to its long-time insistence that it had no place in the left–right political spectrum. The party has been a proponent of green politics and direct democracy, and, more recently, progressivism, social democracy and left-wing populism. In 2024 the party officially described itself as "independent progressive".
The 2018 Italian general election was held on 4 March 2018 after the Italian Parliament was dissolved by President Sergio Mattarella on 28 December 2017. Voters were electing the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate of the Republic for the 18th legislature of the Italian Republic since 1948. The election took place concurrently with the Lombard and Lazio regional elections. No party or coalition gained an absolute majority in the parliament, even though the centre-right coalition won a plurality of seats as a coalition, and the Five Star Movement (M5S) won a plurality of seats as an individual party.
Forza Italia is a centre-right political party in Italy, whose ideology includes elements of liberal conservatism, Christian democracy, liberalism and populism. FI is a member of the European People's Party. Silvio Berlusconi was the party's leader and president until his death in 2023. The party has since been led by Antonio Tajani, who had been vice president and coordinator and now functions as secretary. Other leading members include Elisabetta Casellati.
The Gentiloni government was the 64th government of the Italian Republic, in office from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018. The government was headed by Paolo Gentiloni, former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Renzi government.
Snap general elections were held in Italy on 25 September 2022. After the fall of the Draghi government, which led to a parliamentary impasse, President Sergio Mattarella dissolved Parliament on 21 July, and called for new elections. Regional elections in Sicily were held on the same day. The results of the general election showed the centre-right coalition led by Giorgia Meloni's Brothers of Italy, a right-wing political party with neo-fascist roots, winning an absolute majority of seats in the Italian Parliament. Meloni was appointed Prime Minister of Italy on 22 October, becoming the first woman to hold the office.
The first Conte government was the 65th government of the Italian Republic. It was led by Giuseppe Conte, an independent, and it was in office from 1 June 2018 to 5 September 2019.
The second Conte government was the 66th government of the Italian Republic and the second government led by Giuseppe Conte. The government was sworn in on 5 September 2019 to 13 February 2021.
Action is a liberal political party in Italy. Its leader is Carlo Calenda, a former minister of Economic Development.
Lega, whose official name is Lega per Salvini Premier, is a right-wing populist political party in Italy, led by Matteo Salvini. The LSP is the informal successor of Lega Nord.
Italia Viva is a liberal political party in Italy founded in September 2019. The party is led by Matteo Renzi, a former Prime Minister of Italy and former secretary of the Democratic Party (PD). As of 2021, Italia Viva is a member of the European Democratic Party.
The 2020 Italian by-elections were called to fill seats in the Parliament that became vacant after the 2018 general elections. In 2020, by-elections were held for the Chamber of Deputies the Senate of the Republic.
The 2021 Italian government crisis was a political event in Italy that began in January 2021 and ended the following month. It includes the events that follow the announcement of Matteo Renzi, leader of Italia Viva (IV) and former Prime Minister, that he would revoke IV's support to the Government of Giuseppe Conte.
Europeanists is a political party in Italy. Amid a government crisis triggered after Matteo Renzi announced that he would revoke Italia Viva's support to the government of Giuseppe Conte, Europeanists formed on 27 January 2021 as a component of a joint parliamentary group in the Italian Senate, with the aim to support Conte's cabinet.
The Draghi government was the 67th government of the Italian Republic, led by former President of the European Central Bank, Mario Draghi. It was in office between 13 February 2021 and 22 October 2022.
The Undersecretary of State, in the Italian political system, is a member of the Government of Italy with the function of assisting the minister and carrying out the tasks that have been delegated to them by the minister. The undersecretary falls into the second category of the order of offices of the Italian Republic.
The 2022 Italian government crisis was a political event in Italy that began on 14 July. It includes the events that followed the announcement of Giuseppe Conte, leader of the Five Star Movement (M5S) and former Prime Minister of Italy, that the M5S would withdraw its support to the national unity government of Mario Draghi over a bill regarding an economic stimulus to combat the ongoing energy and economic crisis. The government fell a week later when the M5S, Lega, and Forza Italia deliberately refused to take part in a vote of confidence in the Government.
Democratic Party – Democratic and Progressive Italy is the parliamentary group of the Democratic Party (PD) and minor allied parties in the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic, formed in October 2022. Prior to the formation of the group, its name was that of the lead electoral list of the centre-left coalition in the 2022 Italian general election.
The Legislature XIX of Italian Republic is the 19th and current Italian Parliament, which was elected at the 2022 general election on 25 September and convened on 12 October. As per the 2020 Italian constitutional referendum, the size of the Chamber of Deputies was reduced from 630 to 400, and the Senate's elective membership was reduced from 315 to 200.
Adriano Cario is an Italian senator, a former entrepreneur and journalist.