The following is a list of weekly number-one singles on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart in 2023.
| Issue date | Song | Artist(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| January 2 | "Subtitle" | Official Hige Dandism | [1] |
| January 9 | [2] | ||
| January 16 | [3] | ||
| January 23 | [4] | ||
| January 30 | [5] | ||
| February 6 | "Fearless" | Le Sserafim | [6] |
| February 13 | "Stars" | Sandaime J Soul Brothers | [7] |
| February 20 | "Fighting" | BSS featuring Lee Young-ji | [8] |
| February 27 | "Boom Boom Back" | Be First | [9] |
| March 6 | "Life Goes On" | King & Prince | [10] |
| March 13 | "Subtitle" | Official Hige Dandism | [11] |
| March 20 | "Paradise" | NiziU | [12] |
| March 27 | "Tapestry" | Snow Man | [13] |
| April 3 | "Bye-Bye Show" | Bish | [14] |
| April 10 | "Here I Stand" | Treasure | [15] |
| April 17 | "Tiger" | JO1 | [16] |
| April 24 | "Idol" | Yoasobi | [17] |
| May 1 | [18] | ||
| May 8 | [19] | ||
| May 15 | [20] | ||
| May 22 | [21] | ||
| May 29 | [22] | ||
| June 5 | [23] | ||
| June 12 | [24] | ||
| June 19 | [25] | ||
| June 26 | [26] | ||
| July 3 | [27] | ||
| July 10 | [28] | ||
| July 17 | [29] | ||
| July 24 | [30] | ||
| July 31 | [31] | ||
| August 7 | [32] | ||
| August 14 | [33] | ||
| August 21 | [34] | ||
| August 28 | [35] | ||
| September 4 | [36] | ||
| September 11 | [37] | ||
| September 18 | "Dangerholic" | Snow Man | [38] |
| September 25 | "Mainstream" | Be First | [39] |
| October 2 | "Show" | Ado | [40] |
| October 9 | [41] | ||
| October 16 | [42] | ||
| October 23 | [43] | ||
| October 30 | "Shōnin Yokkyū" | Sakurazaka46 | [44] |
| November 6 | "Show" | Ado | [45] |
| November 13 | [46] | ||
| November 20 | [47] | ||
| November 27 | [48] | ||
| December 4 | [49] | ||
| December 11 | [50] | ||
| December 18 | "Monopoly" | Nogizaka46 | [51] |
| December 25 | "Show" | Ado | [52] |